Stability of Breakwater Armor Units against Tsunami Attacks
This article has been corrected.
VIEW CORRECTIONPublication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 140, Issue 2
Abstract
The design of breakwater armor units against tsunami attacks has received little attention in the past because of the comparative low frequency of these events and the rarity of structures designed specifically to withstand them. However, field surveys of recent events, such as the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami and the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004, have shown flaws in the design of protection structures. During these extreme events, many breakwaters suffered partial or catastrophic damage. Although it is to be expected that most normal structures fail because of such high-order events, practicing engineers need to possess tools to design certain important breakwaters that should not fail even during Level 2 events. In the future, research into the design of critical structures that only partially fail (i.e., resilient or tenacious structures) during very extreme Level 2 tsunami events should be a priority; in this sense, the present paper proposes a formula that allows the estimation of armor unit damage depending on the tsunami wave height.
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Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the kind financial contribution of the Institute for Research on Reconstruction from the Great East Japan Earthquake/Composed Crisis Research Institute from Waseda University Research Initiatives (Disaster Analysis and Proposal for Rehabilitation Process for the Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami). This contribution made possible some of the field visits on which some of this work rests. The Lanka Hydraulic Institute (LHI) is also acknowledged for providing breakwater cross section survey data for three fishery ports in Sri Lanka. The structure and clarity of the paper was also improved by the helpful comments of two anonymous reviewers, whose contribution to the paper should also be mentioned.
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Published In
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 140 • Issue 2 • March 2014
Pages: 188 - 198
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 4, 2012
Accepted: Jul 16, 2013
Published online: Jul 18, 2013
Published in print: Mar 1, 2014
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