Adaptive Experimental Design of Real-Time Hybrid Simulation for Parameter Calibration of Rate-Dependent Devices toward Optimal Response Prediction
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 9
Abstract
Real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) provides a cyber-physical testing method for system evaluation of global or local system evaluation of civil subjects to dynamic loading. Physical testing of experimental substructures is integrated with numerical simulation of analytical substructures, thus facilitating large-scale testing in size-limited laboratories. Current practice of RTHS often focuses on structural response evaluation under selected ground motions. This study presents an innovative application of RTHS for parameter calibration of rate-dependent devices for optimal structural response prediction. An adaptive experimental design approach is integrated with RTHS to account for realistic seismic demands on the rate-dependent device due to structural uncertainties. A kriging metamodel is utilized to surrogate the response discrepancy between RTHS and computer simulation with experimental substructure numerically modeled. Efficient global optimization (EGO) is then applied to sequentially determine new sample points for parameter calibration through laboratory testing to minimize the difference between RTHS and model-predicted results. The proposed approach is then applied for model parameter calibration of a self-centering viscous damper (SC-VD) device through RTHS. The parameters of the SC-VD device are calibrated from sequentially designed RTHS to optimize the error in maximum structural response prediction. The proposed adaptive approach is further compared with traditional experimental design methods and demonstrates better performance in maximum response prediction especially when resources are only available for a limited number of experiments.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code generated or used during the study are available from the corresponding author by request.
Acknowledgments
This research effort was supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China under Grant No. 2018YFE0206100.
References
Abbiati, G., and S. Marelli. 2020. “Sequential experimental design of hybrid simulations for bayesian calibration of computational simulators.” In Proc., 17th World Conf. of Earthquake Engineering. Tokyo: The International Association for Earthquake Engineering.
Ben-Hur, A. 2008. “Support vector clustering.” Scholarpedia 3 (6): 5187. https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.5187.
Blatman, G., and B. Sudret. 2010. “An adaptive algorithm to build up sparse polynomial chaos expansions for stochastic finite element analysis.” Probab. Eng. Mech. 25 (2): 183–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2009.10.003.
Brodersen, M. L., G. Ou, J. Høgsberg, and S. Dyke. 2016. “Analysis of hybrid viscous damper by real time hybrid simulations.” Eng. Struct. 126 (Nov): 675–688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.08.020.
Chen, C., and J. M. Ricles. 2008. “Development of direct integration algorithms for structural dynamics using discrete control theory.” J. Eng. Mech. 134 (8): 676–683. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(2008)134:8(676).
Chen, C., and J. M. Ricles. 2009. “Analysis of actuator delay compensation methods for real-time testing.” Eng. Struct. 31 (11): 2643–2655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.06.012.
Chen, W., C. Xu, Y. Shi, J. Ma, and S. Lu. 2019. “A hybrid kriging-based reliability method for small failure probabilities.” Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 189 (Sep): 31–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2019.04.003.
Constantinou, M. C., and M. D. Symans. 1993a. “Experimental study of seismic response of buildings with supplemental fluid dampers.” Struct. Des. Tall Build. 2 (2): 93–132. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.4320020203.
Constantinou, M. C., and M. D. Symans. 1993b. “Seismic response of structures with supplemental damping.” Struct. Des. Tall Build. 2 (2): 77–92. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.4320020202.
Dong, B., J. M. Ricles, and B. M. Phillips. 2021. “Experimental investigation of pulse-type ground motion effects on a steel building with nonlinear viscous dampers.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 50 (15): 4032–4050. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3544.
Duan, Q., S. Sorooshian, and V. K. Gupta. 1994. “Optimal use of the SCE-UA global optimization method for calibrating watershed models.” J. Hydrol. 158 (3–4): 265–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(94)90057-4.
Echard, B., N. Gayton, and M. Lemaire. 2011. “AK-MCS: An active learning reliability method combining kriging and Monte Carlo simulation.” Struct. Saf. 33 (2): 145–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2011.01.002.
Fang, K.-T., D. K. J. Lin, P. Winker, and Y. Zhang. 2000. “Uniform design: Theory and application.” Technometrics 42 (3): 237–248. https://doi.org/10.1080/00401706.2000.10486045.
Friedman, A., et al. 2015. “Large-scale real-time hybrid simulation for evaluation of advanced damping system performance.” J. Struct. Eng. 141 (6): 04014150. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001093.
Guo, T., C. Chen, W. Xu, and F. Sanchez. 2014. “A frequency response analysis approach for quantitative assessment of actuator tracking for real-time hybrid simulation.” Smart Mater. Struct. 23 (4): 045042. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/4/045042.
Hurtado, J. E., and D. A. Alvarez. 2001. “Neural-network-based reliability analysis: A comparative study.” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 191 (1–2): 113–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7825(01)00248-1.
Insam, C., and D. J. Rixen. 2022. “Fidelity assessment of real-time hybrid substructure testing: A review and the application of artificial neural networks.” Exp. Tech. 46 (1): 137–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40799-021-00466-0.
Jiang, Z., and R. E. Christenson. 2012. “A fully dynamic magneto-rheological fluid damper model.” Smart Mater. Struct. 21 (6): 065002. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/21/6/065002.
Jones, D. R., M. Schonlau, and W. J. Welch. 1998. “Efficient global optimization of expensive black-box functions.” J. Global Optim. 13 (4): 455–492. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008306431147.
Kang, T., and S. Lee. 2014. “Modification of the SCE-UA to include constraints by embedding an adaptive penalty function and application: Application approach.” Water Resour. Manage. 28 (8): 2145–2159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0602-6.
Karavasilis, T. L., J. M. Ricles, R. Sause, and C. Chen. 2011. “Experimental evaluation of the seismic performance of steel MRFs with compressed elastomer dampers using large-scale real-time hybrid simulation.” Eng. Struct. 33 (6): 1859–1869. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.01.032.
Kim, S. J., C. J. Holub, and A. S. Elnashai. 2011. “Experimental investigation of the behavior of RC bridge piers subjected to horizontal and vertical earthquake motion.” Eng. Struct. 33 (7): 2221–2235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.03.013.
Kleijnen, J. P. C. 2009. “Kriging metamodeling in simulation: A review.” Eur. J. Oper. Res. 192 (3): 707–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2007.10.013.
Kolay, C., J. M. Ricles, T. M. Marullo, A. Mahvashmohammadi, and R. Sause. 2015. “Implementation and application of the unconditionally stable explicit parametrically dissipative KR- method for real-time hybrid simulation.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 44 (5): 735–755. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2484.
Lelièvre, N., P. Beaurepaire, C. Mattrand, and N. Gayton. 2018. “AK-MCSi: A kriging-based method to deal with small failure probabilities and time-consuming models.” Struct. Saf. 73 (Jul): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2018.01.002.
Ligeikis, C., and R. Christenson. 2020a. “Assessing structural reliability using real-time hybrid sub-structuring.” Int. J. Lifecycle Perform. Eng. 4 (1–3): 158–183. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLCPE.2020.108934.
Ligeikis, C., and R. Christenson. 2020b. “Identifying stochastic frequency response functions using real-time hybrid substructuring, principal component analysis, and kriging metamodeling.” Exp. Tech. 44 (6): 763–786. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40799-020-00389-2.
Lignos, D. G., D. M. Moreno, and S. L. Billington. 2014. “Seismic retrofit of steel moment-resisting frames with high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete infill panels: Large-scale hybrid simulation experiments.” J. Struct. Eng. 140 (3): 04013072. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000877.
Lin, P., et al. 2012. “Seismic design and hybrid tests of a full-scale three-story buckling-restrained braced frame using welded end connections and thin profile.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 41 (5): 1001–1020. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1171.
Lundstedt, T., E. Seifert, L. Abramo, B. Thelin, Å. Nyström, J. Pettersen, and R. Bergman. 1998. “Experimental design and optimization.” Chemom. Intell. Lab. Syst. 42 (1–2): 3–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7439(98)00065-3.
Maghareh, A., S. Dyke, S. Rabieniaharatbar, and A. Prakash. 2017. “Predictive stability indicator: A novel approach to configuring a real-time hybrid simulation.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 46 (1): 95–116. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2775.
Marelli, S., and B. Sudret. 2014. Vulnerability, uncertainty, and risk: Quantification, mitigation, and management, 2554–2563. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Provost, F., D. Jensen, and T. Oates. 1999. “Efficient progressive sampling.” In Proc., 5th ACM SIGKDD Int. Conf. on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 23–32. New York: Association for Computing Machinery.
Shao, X., A. Mueller, and B. A. Mohammed. 2016. “Real-time hybrid simulation with online model updating: Methodology and implementation.” J. Eng. Mech. 142 (2): 04015074. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0000987.
Silva, C. E., D. Gomez, A. Maghareh, S. J. Dyke, and B. F. Spencer. 2020. “Benchmark control problem for real-time hybrid simulation.” Mech. Syst. Sig. Process. 135 (Jan): 106381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2019.106381.
Symans, M. D., F. A. Charney, A. S. Whittaker, M. C. Constantinou, C. A. Kircher, M. W. Johnson, and R. J. McNamara. 2008. “Energy dissipation systems for seismic applications: Current practice and recent developments.” J. Struct. Eng. 134 (1): 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:1(3).
Tew, J. D. 1992. “Using central composite designs in simulation experiments.” In Proc., 24th Conf. on Winter Simulation, 529–538. New York: Association for Computing Machinery.
Wu, B., Y. Chen, G. Xu, Z. Mei, T. Pan, and C. Zeng. 2016. “Hybrid simulation of steel frame structures with sectional model updating: Hybrid simulation of frame structures with sectional model updating.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 45 (8): 1251–1269. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2706.
Zhang, H., J. Zhou, L. Ye, X. Zeng, and Y. Chen. 2015. “Lower upper bound estimation method considering symmetry for construction of prediction intervals in flood forecasting.” Water Resour. Manage. 29 (15): 5505–5519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-015-1131-7.
Zhong, W., and Z. Chen. 2021. “Model updating method for hybrid simulation based on global sensitivity analysis.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 50 (14): 3792–3813. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3533.
Zhu, R., T. Guo, F. Mwangilwa, and D. Han. 2021a. “Seismic design of self-centering viscous-hysteretic devices used for steel moment-resisting frames.” Eng. Struct. 239 (Jul): 112369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112369.
Zhu, R., T. Guo, and S. Tesfamariam. 2021b. “Seismic performance assessment of steel moment-resisting frames with self-centering viscous-hysteretic devices.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 187 (Dec): 106987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106987.
Zhu, R., T. Guo, and S. Tesfamariam. 2022a. “Inelastic displacement demand for non-degrading bilinear SDOF oscillators with self-centering viscous-hysteretic devices.” J. Build. Eng. 48 (Jan): 104010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104010.
Zhu, R., T. Guo, S. Tesfamariam, and Y. Xu. 2022b. “Shake-table tests and numerical analysis of steel frames with self-centering viscous-hysteretic devices under the mainshock–aftershock sequences.” J. Struct. Eng. 148 (4): 04022024. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0003318.
Zhu, R., L. Song, T. Guo, and F. Mwangilwa. 2020. “Seismic analysis and design of SDOF elastoplastic structures with self-centering viscous-hysteretic devices.” J. Earthquake Eng. 26 (6): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2020.1835752.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 8, 2021
Accepted: Apr 26, 2022
Published online: Jun 16, 2022
Published in print: Sep 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Nov 16, 2022
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Xizhan Ning, Ge Yang, Bin Wu, Qiyang Tan, Guoshan Xu, Bin Xu, Multi-Constitutive Model Simultaneous-Updating-Based Online Numerical Simulation Method for Seismic Performance Assessments in Civil Engineering, Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 10.1080/13632469.2023.2168797, (1-25), (2023).