Multiobjective Optimization for Hurricane Retrofit to Improve Coastal Community Structural and Socioeconomic Resilience
Publication: Natural Hazards Review
Volume 23, Issue 4
Abstract
With recent hurricanes causing devastating economic losses, structural damages, and societal impacts on coastal communities, residential building hurricane mitigation measures have gained increasing attention. However, retrofits are often costly and therefore beget inherent tradeoffs. In particular, the balancing of the postdisaster losses against upfront mitigation costs remains a constant challenge for community resilience planning. Existing mitigation optimization frameworks on the community scale have primarily focused on seismic hazards and typically have weak integration of the structural damages with the socioeconomic impacts. In the present study, finite element modeling of the residential buildings is applied to better incorporate the structural damages under combined wind and wave loadings. A multiobjective linear constrained optimization framework for improved residential building hurricane retrofit is developed to balance the structural damages, home displacements, morbidities, net direct economic losses, and initial mitigation expenditures under hurricane threats. For the present analysis, the mitigation actions of building elevation and improved construction practices are simulated. The framework is tested in a case study for an existing coastal community under 50-, 100- and 500-year hurricane events considering community-specific socioeconomic factors. The generalized pattern search algorithm is selected to determine the Pareto-optimal solutions. The results indicate large potential reductions in social, structural, and economic losses under optimized mitigation, but tradeoffs exist if the mitigation technique is found to be cost-ineffective, such as in the case of the improved construction practices. The findings highlight the importance of informed decision-making and home retrofits in improving community resilience.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
The building data and their models for the community are not available. The rest of the data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The first author acknowledges the financial support received under the Graduate Assistance for Areas in National Need (GAANN) Fellowship. The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the town of Fairfield or any other agency.
References
Adger, W. N. 2000. “Social and ecological resilience: Are they related?” Prog. Hum. Geogr. 24 (3): 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1191/030913200701540465.
Aerts, J. C. J. H. 2018. “A review of cost estimates for flood adaptation.” Water 10 (11): 1646. https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111646.
Amini, M., and A. M. Memari. 2021. “CFD-based evaluation of elevated coastal residential buildings under hurricane wind loads.” J. Archit. Eng. 27 (3): 04021014. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ae.1943-5568.0000472.
ASCE. 2010. Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures. ASCE Standard 7-10. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Baker, E. J. 2011. “Household preparedness for the aftermath of hurricanes in Florida.” Appl. Geogr. 31 (1): 46–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.05.002.
Benson, H. P. 1998. “An outer approximation algorithm for generating all efficient extreme points in the outcome set of a multiple objective linear programming problem.” J. Global Optim. 13 (1): 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008215702611.
Bhinderwala, S. 1995. “Insurance loss analysis of single family dwellings.” M.S. thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Clemson Univ.
Bjarnadottir, S., Y. Li, and M. G. Stewart. 2011. “A probabilistic-based framework for impact and adaptation assessment of climate change on hurricane damage risks and costs.” Struct. Saf. 33 (3): 173–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2011.02.003.
Blake, E. S., C. W. Landsea, and E. J. Gibney. 2011. “The deadliest, costliest, and most intense United States tropical cyclones from 1851 to 2010 (and other frequently requested hurricane facts).” In NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS NHC 6. Miami, FL: National Hurricane Center.
BLS (Bureau of Labor Statistics). 2019. “Inflation rates.” Accessed March 16, 2020. https://data.bls.gov/pdq/SurveyOutputServlet.
Bruneau, M., S. E. Chang, R. T. Eguchi, G. C. Lee, T. D. O’Rourke, A. M. Reinhorn, M. Shinozuka, K. Tierney, W. A. Wallace, and D. Von Winterfeldt. 2003. “A framework to quantitatively assess and enhance the seismic resilience of communities.” Earthquake Spectra 19 (4): 733–752. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1623497.
Burton, C. G. 2010. “Social vulnerability and hurricane impact modeling.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 11 (2): 58–68. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988(2010)11:2(58).
Conroy, S. J., and J. L. Milosch. 2011. “An estimation of the coastal premium for residential housing prices in San Diego County.” J. Real Estate Finance Econ. 42 (2): 211–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11146-009-9195-x.
Crossett, K. M., T. J. Culliton, P. C. Wiley, and T. R. Goodspeed. 2004. Population trends along the coastal United States: 1980-2008. Silver Spring, MD: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service.
Cutter, S. L., B. J. Boruff, and W. Lynn Shirley. 2003. “Social vulnerability to environmental hazards.” Social Sci. Q. 84 (2): 242–261. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6237.8402002.
Cutter, S. L., C. G. Burton, and C. T. Emrich. 2010. “Disaster resilience indicators for benchmarking baseline conditions.” J. Homeland Secur. Emergency Manage. 7 (1): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.2202/1547-7355.1732.
Czajkowski, J. 2011. “Is it time to go yet? Understanding household hurricane evacuation decisions from a dynamic perspective.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 12 (2): 72–84. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000037.
Deb, K. 2011. Multi-objective optimization using evolutionary algorithms: An introduction. Berlin: Springer.
Ding, Z., W. Zhang, W. Hughes, and D. Zhu. 2021. “A modified sub-assembly approach for hurricane induced wind-surge-wave vulnerability assessment of low-rise wood buildings in coastal communities.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 218 (Nov): 104755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2021.104755.
Dong, Y., and Y. Li. 2017. “Risk assessment in quantification of hurricane resilience of residential communities.” ASCE-ASME J. Risk Uncertainty Eng. Syst. Part A: Civ. Eng. 3 (4): 04017027. https://doi.org/10.1061/AJRUA6.0000932.
Dow, K., and S. L. Cutter. 2002. “Emerging hurricane evacuation issues: Hurricane Floyd and South Carolina.” Hazards Vulnerability Environ. Justice 3 (1): 12–18. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781849771542.
Ellingwood, B. R., H. Cutler, P. Gardoni, W. G. Peacock, J. W. van de Lindt, and N. Wang. 2016. “The Centerville virtual community: A fully integrated decision model of interacting physical and social infrastructure systems.” Sustainable Resilient Infrastruct. 1 (3–4): 95–107. https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2016.1255000.
El-Mihoub, T. A., A. A. Hopgood, L. Nolle, and A. Battersby. 2006. “Hybrid genetic algorithms: A review.” Eng. Lett. 13 (2): 124–137.
Esmalian, A., S. Dong, and A. Mostafavi. 2021. “Susceptibility curves for humans: Empirical survival models for determining household-level disturbances from hazards-induced infrastructure service disruptions.” Sustainable Cities Soc. 66 (Mar): 102694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102694.
Esnard, A. M., A. Sapat, and D. Mitsova. 2011. “An index of relative displacement risk to hurricanes.” Nat. Hazards 59 (2): 833–859. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9799-3.
FEMA. 2003. “Multi-hazard loss estimation methodology: Hurricane model HAZUS-MH MR3, technical manual.” Accessed August 23, 2021. https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=480573.
FEMA. 2004. Using HAZUS-MH for risk assessment. Washington, DC: FEMA.
FEMA. 2006. “Multi-hazard loss estimation methodology.” Accessed May 13, 2020. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21605785.
FEMA. 2011a. Coastal construction manual: Principles and practices of planning, siting, designing, constructing, and maintaining residential buildings in coastal areas. FEMA P-55. Washington, DC: FEMA.
FEMA. 2011b. “Hazus-MH 2.1 hurricane model user manual.” Accessed January 2, 2020. https://papers2://publication/uuid/FC5D2B1E-4F36-4491-A9A8-C68C6211F260.
FEMA. 2012. Hazus–MH 2.1: Technical manual. Washington, DC: FEMA.
FEMA. 2014. Homeowner’s guide to retrofitting: Six ways to protect your home from flooding. FEMA P-312. Washington, DC: FEMA.
FEMA. 2018. Hazus hurricane model user guidance. Washington, DC: FEMA.
FEMA. 2021. HAZUS hurricane model technical manual. Washington, DC: FEMA.
FHWA (Federal Highway Administration). 1994. Motor vehicle accident costs. Washington, DC: FEMA.
Garrison, C. Z., E. S. Bryant, C. L. Addy, P. G. Spurrier, J. R. Freedy, and D. G. Kilpatrck. 1995. “Posttraumatic stress disorder in adolescents after Hurricane Andrew.” J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 34 (9): 1193–1201. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199509000-00017.
Girard, C., and W. G. Peacock. 1997. Ethnicity and segregation: Post-hurricane relocation. Hurricane Andrew: Ethnicity, gender, and the sociology of disasters, edited by W. G. Peacock, B. H. Morrow, and H. Gladwin. London: Routledge.
Goetzel, R. Z., S. R. Long, R. J. Ozminkowski, K. Hawkins, S. Wang, and W. Lynch. 2004. “Health, absence, disability, and presenteeism cost estimates of certain physical and mental health conditions affecting US employers.” J. Occup. Environ. Med. 46 (4): 398–412. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000121151.40413.bd.
Huang, Z., D. V. Rosowsky, and P. R. Sparks. 2001. “Long-term hurricane risk assessment and expected damage to residential structures.” Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 74 (3): 239–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0951-8320(01)00086-2.
Hughes, W., W. Zhang, Z. Ding, and X. Li. 2022. “Integrated structural and socioeconomic resilience assessment for coastal community residential building hurricane vulnerability.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 23 (3): 04022017. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000564.
Irish, J. L., D. T. Resio, and J. J. Ratcliff. 2008. “The influence of storm size on hurricane surge.” J. Phys. Oceanogr. 38 (9): 2003–2013. https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JPO3727.1.
Jennings, E. N., J. W. Van De Lindt, and L. Peek. 2015. “Multi-objective community-level seismic retrofit optimization for resiliency using engineering and socioeconomic variables.” In Proc., 12th Int. Conf. on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, ICASP 2015, 1–10. Vancouver, BC: Univ. of British Colombia Open Collections. https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0076067.
Kakareko, G., S. Jung, O. A. Vali, A. Tecle, O. Khemici, and M. Khater. 2017. “Hurricane loss analysis based on the population-weighted index.” Front. Built Environ. 3 (Aug): 46. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2017.00046.
Knapp, K. R., S. Applequist, J. P. Diamond, M. K. Kossin, and C. Schreck. 2010. NCDC international best track archive for climate stewardship (IBTrACS) project, version 3. Washington, DC: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. https://doi.org/10.7289/V5NK3BZP.
Koliou, M., J. W. van de Lindt, T. P. McAllister, B. R. Ellingwood, M. Dillard, and H. Cutler. 2018. “State of the research in community resilience: Progress and challenges.” Sustainable Resilient Infrastruct. 5 (3): 131–151. https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2017.1418547.
Kyne, D., A. S. Lomeli, W. Donner, and E. Zuloaga. 2018. “Who will stay, who will leave: Decision-making of residents living in potential hurricane impact areas during a hypothetical hurricane event in the Rio Grande Valley.” J. Homeland Secur. Emergency Manage. 15 (2): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1515/jhsem-2017-0010.
Lam, N. S. N., M. Reams, K. Li, C. Li, and L. P. Mata. 2015. “Measuring community resilience to coastal hazards along the Northern Gulf of Mexico.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 17 (1): 04015013. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000193.
Laumanns, M., L. Thiele, and E. Zitzler. 2006. “An efficient, adaptive parameter variation scheme for metaheuristics based on the epsilon-constraint method.” Eur. J. Oper. Res. 169 (3): 932–942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2004.08.029.
Lewis, R. M., and V. Torczon. 1999. “Pattern search algorithms for bound constrained minimization.” SIAM J. Optim. 9 (4): 1082–1099. https://doi.org/10.1137/S1052623496300507.
Li, Y. 2012. “Assessment of damage risks to residential buildings and cost-benefit of mitigation strategies considering hurricane and earthquake hazards.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil. 26 (1): 7–16. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000204.
Li, Y., and B. R. Ellingwood. 2006. “Hurricane damage to residential construction in the US: Importance of uncertainty modeling in risk assessment.” Eng. Struct. 28 (7): 1009–1018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.11.005.
Li, Y., and B. R. Ellingwood. 2009. “Framework for multihazard risk assessment and mitigation for wood-frame residential construction.” J. Struct. Eng. 135 (2): 159–168. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2009)135:2(159).
Li, Y., J. W. Van de Lindt, and T. Dao. 2012. “Loss analysis for combined wind and surge in hurricanes.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 135 (1): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000058.
Lin, Y., J. Lu, J.-C. Lu, and Y. Zhang. 2008. Household dislocation algorithm 3: A logistic regression approach. College Station, TX: Hazard Reduction and Recovery Center at Texas A&M Univ.
MAEviz. 2008. “Displaced household algorithm 2: An OLS through the origin approach.” Accessed July 22, 2020. https://opensource.ncsa.illinois.edu/jira/browse/%0AMAE-567.
Ma, X., X. Li, D. Wu, and W. Zhang. 2020. “Effects of nonstructural wall in progressive failure of coastal residential buildings subjected to strong winds.” J. Archit. Eng. 26 (1): 04019030. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000373.
Ma, X., W. Zhang, X. Li, and Z. Ding. 2021. “Evaluating tsunami damage of wood residential buildings in a coastal community considering waterborne debris from buildings.” Eng. Struct. 244 (Oct): 112761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112761.
Marler, R. T., and J. S. Arora. 2004. “Survey of multi-objective optimization methods for engineering.” Struct. Multidiscip. Optim. 26 (6): 369–395. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-003-0368-6.
Montero, O. P., and C. M. Batista. 2020. “Social perception of coastal risk in the face of hurricanes in the southeastern region of Cuba.” Ocean Coastal Manage. 184 (Feb): 105010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.105010.
Morrow, B. H. 2008. Community resilience: A social justice perspective. Washington, DC: Community and Regional Resilience (CARRI).
Morrow, B. H., and H. Gladwin. 2012. Behavioral analysis for Alabama hurricane events. Washington, DC: FEMA.
Morss, R. E., H. Lazrus, A. Bostrom, and J. L. Demuth. 2020. “The influence of cultural worldviews on people’s responses to hurricane risks and threat information.” J. Risk Res. 23 (12): 1620–1649. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2020.1750456.
NIST. 2016. Community resilience planning guide for buildings and infrastructure systems, Volume II. Gaithersburg, MD: NIST.
Norris, F. H., S. P. Stevens, B. Pfefferbaum, K. F. Wyche, and R. L. Pfefferbaum. 2008. “Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness.” Am. J. Community Psychol. 41 (1): 127–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6.
Perilla, J. L., F. H. Norris, and E. A. Lavizzo. 2002. “Ethnicity, culture, and disaster response: Identifying and explaining ethnic differences in PTSD six months after Hurricane Andrew.” J. Social Clin. Psychol. 21 (1): 20–45. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.21.1.20.22404.
Pielke, R. A. J., C. Landsea, M. Mayfield, J. Layer, and R. Pasch. 2005. “Hurricanes and global warming.” Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 86 (11): 1571–1576. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-86-11-1571.
Pielke, R. J., J. Gratz, C. W. Landsea, D. Collins, M. A. Saunders, and R. Musulin. 2008. “Normalized hurricane damage in the United States: 1900–2005.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 9 (1): 29–42. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988(2008)9:1(29).
Polak, E., and M. Wetter. 2003. Generalized pattern search algorithms with adaptive precision function evaluations. Berkeley, CA: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
Robertson, I. N., H. R. Riggs, S. C. S. Yim, and Y. L. Young. 2007. “Lessons from Hurricane Katrina storm surge on bridges and buildings.” J. Waterw. Port Coastal Ocean Eng. 133 (6): 463–483. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2007)133:6(463).
Sargent, R. G. 1996. “Verification and validation of simulation models.” In Proc., 1996 Winter Simulation Conf., 55–64. New York: IEEE.
Shalev, A. Y. 2009. “Posttraumatic stress disorder and stress-related disorders.” Psychiatr. Clin. 32 (3): 687–704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2009.06.001.
Shao, W., M. Gardezi, and S. Xian. 2018. “Examining the effects of objective hurricane risks and community resilience on risk perceptions of hurricanes at the county level in the US Gulf Coast: An innovative approach.” Ann. Am. Assoc. Geogr. 108 (5): 1389–1405. https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2018.1426436.
Sharma, N., A. Tabandeh, and P. Gardoni. 2019. “Recovery optimization of interdependent infrastructure: A multi-scale approach.” In Proc., 13th Int. Conf. on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, ICASP 2019. Seoul: Seoul National Univ. https://doi.org/10.22725/ICASP13.148.
Singelmann, J., and M. Schafer. 2010. “Dislocation and depression: Social consequences of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.” Soc. Nat. Resour. 23 (10): 919–934. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920903214108.
Stanujkic, D., and N. Magdalinovic. 2013. “A multi-attribute decision making model based on distance from decision maker’s preferences.” Informatica 24 (1): 103–118. https://doi.org/10.15388/Informatica.2013.387.
Stewart, M. G., D. V. Rosowsky, and Z. Huang. 2003. “Hurricane risks and economic viability of strengthened construction.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 4 (1): 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988(2003)4:1(12).
Sutley, E. J., S. Hamideh, M. K. Dillard, D. Gu, K. Seong, and J. W. Van De Lindt. 2019. “Integrative modeling of housing recovery as a physical, economic, and social process.” In Proc., 13th Int. Conf. on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, ICASP 2019, 1–8. Seoul: Seoul National Univ. https://doi.org/10.22725/ICASP13.049.
Sutley, E. J., J. W. Van De Lindt, and L. Peek. 2017a. “Community-level framework for seismic resilience. I: Coupling socioeconomic characteristics and engineering building systems.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 18 (3): 04016014. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000239.
Sutley, E. J., J. W. Van De Lindt, and L. Peek. 2017b. “Community-level framework for seismic resilience. II: Multiobjective optimization and illustrative examples.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 18 (3): 04016015. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000230.
Sutton-grier, A. E., K. Wowk, and H. Bamford. 2015. “Future of our coasts: The potential for natural and hybrid infrastructure to enhance the resilience of our coastal communities, economies and ecosystems.” Environ. Sci. Policy 51 (Aug): 137–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.04.006.
Thompson, C. M., and R. J. Dezzani. 2020. “Examining relationships between traditional vulnerability data proxies and hurricane risk perception indicators.” J. Risk Res. 24 (8): 913–940. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2020.1773517.
Tomiczek, T., A. Kennedy, Y. Zhang, M. Owensby, M. E. Hope, N. Lin, and A. Flory. 2017. “Hurricane damage classification methodology and fragility functions derived from Hurricane Sandy’s effects in coastal New Jersey.” J. Waterw. Port Coastal Ocean Eng. 143 (5): 04017027. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000409.
United States Census Bureau. 2017. “2013–2017 American community survey 5-year estimates.” Accessed January 2, 2020. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml.
Unnikrishnan, V. U., and M. Barbato. 2016. “Performance-based comparison of different storm mitigation techniques for residential buildings.” J. Struct. Eng. 142 (6): 04016011. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001469.
USGAO (United States Government Accountability Office). 2007. Climate change: Financial risks to federal and private insurers in coming decades are potentially significant. Washington, DC: USGAO.
Van de Lindt, J. W., A. Graettinger, R. Gupta, T. Skaggs, S. Pryor, and K. J. Fridley. 2007. “Performance of wood-frame structures during Hurricane Katrina.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil. 21 (2): 108–116. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3828(2007)21:2(108).
Van De Lindt, J. W., et al. 2020. “Community resilience-focused technical investigation of the 2016 Lumberton, North Carolina, flood: An interdisciplinary approach.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 21 (3): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000387.
Vickery, P. J., P. F. Skerlj, J. Lin, L. A. Twisdale, M. A. Young, and F. M. Lavelle. 2006. “HAZUS-MH hurricane model methodology. II: Damage and loss estimation.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 7 (2): 94–103. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988(2006)7:2(94).
Vickery, P. J., P. F. Skerlj, and L. A. Twisdale. 2000. “Simulation of hurricane risk in the US using empirical track model.” J. Struct. Eng. 126 (10): 1222–1237. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2000)126:10(1222).
Wang, S., and L. Wu. 2010. “A novel hybrid genetic algorithm for global optimization.” In Vol. 2 of Proc., 2010 6th Int. Conf. on Natural Computation, ICNC 2010, 1058–1061. New York: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNC.2010.5582983.
Wang, W., J. W. van de Lindt, N. Rosenheim, H. Cutler, B. Hartman, J. Sung Lee, and D. Calderon. 2021. “Effect of residential building wind retrofits on social and economic community-level resilience metrics.” J. Infrastruct. Syst. 27 (4): 04021034. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000642.
Wetter, M., and J. Wright. 2003. “Comparison of a generalized pattern search and a genetic algorithm optimization method.” In Proc., 8th Int. IBPSA Conf., 1401–1408. Oakland, CA: International Building Performance Simulation Association.
Willoughby, H. E. 2012. “Distributions and trends of death and destruction from hurricanes in the United States, 1900-2008.” Nat. Hazard. Rev. 13 (1): 57–64. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000046.
Xian, S., N. Lin, and H. Kunreuther. 2017. “Optimal house elevation for reducing flood-related losses.” J. Hydrol. 548 (May): 63–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.02.057.
Xu, K., D. K. J. Lin, L. C. Tang, and M. Xie. 2004. “Multiresponse systems optimization using a goal attainment approach.” IIE Trans. 36 (5): 433–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/07408170490426143.
Yang, J. Z., and J. Zhuang. 2020. “Information seeking and information sharing related to Hurricane Harvey.” Journalism Mass Commun. Q. 97 (4): 1054–1079. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699019887675.
Yazdani, N., R. W. Dowgul, and T. Manzur. 2010. “Deficiency analysis of coastal buildings toward storm damage reduction.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil. 24 (2): 128–137. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000078.
Zhang, Q., and H. Li. 2007. “MOEA/D: A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition.” IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput. 11 (6): 712–731. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEVC.2007.892759.
Zhang, W., C. Kirchhoff, D. Wu, J. Weston, and X. Li. 2019. Resilient coastal communities under wind and flood hazards: Understanding the trade-offs in residential building designs. Groton, CT: Institute for Resilience & Climate Adaptation.
Zhang, W., and C. Nicholson. 2016. “A multi-objective optimization model for retrofit strategies to mitigate direct economic loss and population dislocation.” Sustainable Resilient Infrastruct. 1 (3–4): 123–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2016.1254995.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Natural Hazards Review
Volume 23 • Issue 4 • November 2022
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 21, 2021
Accepted: Jun 28, 2022
Published online: Sep 6, 2022
Published in print: Nov 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Feb 6, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Buildings
- Business management
- Case studies
- Construction engineering
- Construction methods
- Disaster risk management
- Disasters and hazards
- Economic factors
- Engineering fundamentals
- Hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones
- Methodology (by type)
- Mitigation and remediation
- Natural disasters
- Practice and Profession
- Rehabilitation
- Research methods (by type)
- Residential buildings
- Social factors
- Structural engineering
- Structures (by type)
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- David B. Roueche, Guangzhao Chen, Mariantonieta Gutierrez Soto, Sabarethinam Kameshwar, Amir Safiey, Trung Do, Franklin T. Lombardo, Jordan O. Nakayama, Brandon M. Rittelmeyer, Alejandro Palacio-Betancur, Garrett Demaree, Performance of Hurricane-Resistant Housing during the 2022 Arabi, Louisiana, Tornado, Journal of Structural Engineering, 10.1061/JSENDH.STENG-12986, 150, 5, (2024).
- Ghazanfar Ali Anwar, Mudasir Hussain, Muhammad Zeshan Akber, Mustesin Ali Khan, Aatif Ali Khan, Sustainability-Oriented Optimization and Decision Making of Community Buildings under Seismic Hazard, Sustainability, 10.3390/su15054385, 15, 5, (4385), (2023).