TECHNICAL NOTES
May 2, 2009

CPT-DMT Correlations

This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLY
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLY
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLY
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 11

Abstract

Although the cone penetration test (CPT) and flat-plat dilatometer test (DMT) have been used for over 30 years, relatively little has been published regarding comprehensive correlations between the two in situ tests. This paper presents preliminary correlations between the main parameters of the CPT and DMT. The key to the proposed correlations is the recognition that the main DMT parameters are normalized and hence, should be correlated with normalized CPT parameters. The suggested correlations are developed and evaluated using published records and existing links to various other parameters as well as comparison profiles. The suggested correlations may guide future more detailed correlations between these two in situ tests.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

This research could not have been carried out without the support, encouragement and input from John Gregg, Kelly Cabal, and Chris Atwell, and other staff at Gregg Drilling and Testing Inc. The sharing of data by Professors Paul Mayne, Silvano Marchetti, Hsein Juang is also appreciated.

References

Ahmadi, M. M., and Robertson, P. K. (2005). “Thin layer effects on the CPT qc measurement.” Can. Geotech. J., 42(9), 1302–1317.
Anderson, J. B., Townsend, F. C., and Rahelison, L.(2007). “Load testing and settlement prediction of shallow foundation.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 133(12), 1494–1502.
Baldi, G., Bellotti, R., Ghionna, V. N., Jamiolkowski, M., and Lo Presti, D. F. C. (1989). “Modulus of sands from CPTs and DMTs.” Proc., 12th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 165–170.
Boulanger, R. W., Mejia, L. H., and Idriss, I. M. (1997). “Liquefaction at Moss Landing during Loma Prieta earthquake.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 123(5), 453–468.
Campanella, R. G., and Robertson, P. K. (1982). “State-of-the-art in in-situ testing of soils: Developments since 1978.” Proc., Engineering Foundation Conf. on Updating Subsurface Sampling of Soils and Rocks and Their In-Situ Testing, Santa Barbara, Calif., 245–267.
Campanella, R. G., and Robertson, P. K. (1991). “Use and interpretation of a research dilatometer.” Can. Geotech. J., 28, 113–126.
Cetin, K. O., and Isik, N. S. (2007). “Probabilistic assessment of stress normalization for CPT data.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 133(7), 887–897.
Douglas, B. J., and Olsen, R. S. (1981). “Soil classification using electric cone penetrometer.” Proc., Symp. on Cone Penetration Testing and Experience, ASCE, New York, 209–227.
Jefferies, M. G., and Davies, M. P. (1991). “Soil classification by the cone penetration test.” Can. Geotech. J., 28(1), 173–176.
Jefferies, M. G., and Davies, M. P. (1993). “Use of CPTU to estimate equivalent SPT N60 .” Geotech. Test. J., 16(4), 458–468.
Kulhawy, F. H., and Mayne, P. H. (1990). “Manual on estimating soil properties for foundation design.” Rep. No. EL-6800, Electric Power Research Institute, EPRI, Palo Alto, Calif.
Ladd, C. C. (1991). “Stability evaluation during staged construction (22ndTerzaghi Lecture).” J. Geotech. Eng., 117(4), 540–615.
Lunne, T., Robertson, P. K., and Powell, J. J. M. (1997). Cone penetration testing in geotechnical practice, Routledge, New York.
Marchetti, S. (1980). “In-situ tests by flat dilatometer.” J. Geotech. Eng., 106(3), 299–321.
Marchetti S., (1997). “The flat dilatometer: Design applications.” 3rd Geotechnical Engineering Conf., Keynote lecture, Cairo Univ., Cairo, Egypt, 421–448.
Marchetti, S., Monaco, P., Calabrese, M., and Totani, G. (2006). “Comparison of moduli determined by DMT and backfigured from local strain measurements under a 40 m diameter circular test load in Venice area.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on the Flat Dilatometer, Washington, D.C., In-Situ Soil, Virginia, 220–231.
Marchetti, S., Monaco, P., Totani, G., and Calabrese, M. (2001). “The DMT in soil investigations. A report by the ISSMGE TC 16.” Proc., Int. Conf. on In Situ Measurement of Soil Properties and Case Histories, Bali, Indonesia, Parahyangan Catholic Univ., Bandung, Indonesia, 95–132.
Mayne, P. W. (2001). “Stress-strain-strength-flow parameters from enhanced in-situ tests.” Proc., Int. Conf. on In-Situ Measurement of Soil Properties and Case Histories, Bali, Indonesia, Parahyangan Catholic Univ., Bandung, Indonesia, 27–48.
Mayne, P. W. (2006). “Interrelationships of DMT and CPT readings in soft clays.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on the Flat Dilatometer, Washington, D.C., 231–236.
Mayne, P. W., and Bachus, R. C. (1989). “Penetration pore pressure in clay by CPTU, DMT, and SBP.” Proc., 12th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 291–294.
Mayne, P. W., Christopher, B. R., and DeJong, J. (2002). “Subsurface investigations: Geotechnical site characterization.” Pub. No. FHwA NHI-01–031, National Highway Institute, Arlington, Va.
Mayne, P. W., and Liao, T. (2004). “CPT-DMT interrelationships in piedmont residuum.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Geophysical and Geotechnical Site Characterization, ISC-2, Porto, Portugal, Millpress, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 345–350.
Mayne, P. W., and Martin, G. K. (1998). “Commentary on Marchetti flat dilatometer correlations in soils.” Geotech. Test. J., 21(3), 222–239.
Meng, J., Hajduk, E. L., Casey, T. J., and Wright, W. B. (2006). “Observations from in-situ testing within a calcareous soil.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on the Flat Dilatometer, Washington, D.C., In-Situ Soil, Virginia, 237–243.
Mlynarek, Z., Gogolik, S., Marchetti, S., and Marchetti, D. 2006. “Suitability of the SDMT method to assess geotechnical parameters of post-floatation sediment.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on the Flat Dilatometer, Washington, D.C., In-Situ Soil, Virginia, 148–153.
Moss, R. E. S., Seed, R. B., and Olsen, R. S. (2006). “Normalizing the CPT for overburden stress.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 132(3), 378–387.
Olsen, R. S., and Malone, P. G. (1988). “Soil classification and site characterization using the cone penetrometer test.” Proc., Penetration Testing 1988, ISOPT-1, Vol. 2, J. De Ruiter, ed. Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 887–893.
Penna, A. 2006. “Some recent experience obtained with DMT in Brazilian soils.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on the Flat Dilatometer, Washington, D.C., In-Situ Soil, Virginia, 170–177.
Powell, J. J. M., and Uglow, I. M., (1988). “The interpretation of the Marchetti dilatometer test in UK clays.” Proc., Penetration Testing in the UK. Thomas Telford, London, 269–273.
Robertson, P. K. (1990). “Soil classification using the cone penetration test.” Can. Geotech. J., 27(1), 151–158.
Robertson, P. K. (2009). “Interpretation of cone penetration tests—A unified approach.” Can. Geotech. J. (in press).
Robertson, P. K., Campanella, R. G., Gillespie, D., and By, T. (1988). “Excess pore pressures and the dilatometer.” Proc., 1st Int. Symp. of Penetration Testing, ISOPT-1, Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 567–576.
Robertson, P. K., Campanella, R. G., Gillespie, D., and Greig, J. (1986). “Use of piezometer cone data.” Proc., In-Situ '86 Use of In-Situ Testing in Geotechnical Engineering, GSP 6, ASCE, Reston, Va., 1263–1280.
Robertson, P. K., and Wride, C. E. (1998). “Evaluating cyclic liquefaction potential using the cone penetration test.” Can. Geotech. J., 35(3), 442–459.
Schnaid, F., Lehane, B. M., and Fahey, M. (2004). “In situ characterization of unusual geomaterials.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Site Characterization, ISC’2, Millpress, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 49–74.
Schneider, J. A., Randolph, M. F., Mayne, P. W., and Ramsey, N. (2008). “Influence of partial consolidation during penetration on normalized soil classification by piezocone.” Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Site Characterization, Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization, A. B. Huang and P. W. Mayne, eds., Taylor and Francis, London, 1159–1165.
Smith, M. G., and Houlsby, G. T. 1995. “Interpretation of the Marchetti dilatometer in clay.” Proc., 11th European Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Copenhagen, Denmark, 1.247–1.253.
Wroth, C. P. (1984). “The interpretation of in-situ soil tests. Rankine Lecture.” Geotechnique, 4, 449–489.
Yu, H. S. (2004). “In-situ soil testing: From mechanics to interpretation.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Site Characterization, ISC’2, Millpress, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 3–38.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 135Issue 11November 2009
Pages: 1762 - 1771

History

Received: Aug 4, 2008
Accepted: Mar 31, 2009
Published online: May 2, 2009
Published in print: Nov 2009

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

P. K. Robertson [email protected]
Professor Emeritus, Univ. of Alberta, and Technical Director, Gregg Drilling and Testing Inc., 2726 Walnut Avenue, Signal Hill, CA 90755. E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share