Structural Behaviors of Large Underground Earth-Retaining Systems in Shanghai. I: Unpropped Circular Diaphragm Wall
This article has been corrected.
VIEW CORRECTIONPublication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 29, Issue 2
Abstract
The excavation of a large-sized foundation pit for one skyscraper in Shanghai required installation of a 100-m diameter unpropped circular diaphragm wall at the pit center first, followed by installation of a multipropped rectangular diaphragm wall at the periphery. Due to the limited paper length, this study just focuses on the structural behaviors of the inner circular wall and those of the outer rectangular wall will be presented in a companion paper. The circular diaphragm wall exhibited apparent spatial arching effects during excavation and only slight differences were observed in its maximum lateral movements along the circumference. Like braced struts, waler beams mainly carried the load due to soil removal in the proximity. In contrast, the circular diaphragm wall carried the hoop stresses due to soil removal throughout the excavation. The vertical bending stresses in diaphragm wall panels were symmetric about their neutral axes. Although the adopted remedial measure effectively mitigated their potential adverse effects on wall deformations, structural deficiencies (e.g., diaphragm wall panels encountered the existing long driven piles at several locations) resulted in some detrimental effects (e.g., tension stress development in concrete and uneven stress distributions in retaining structures). Throughout the construction, the stress development patterns in concrete corresponded well with those in reinforcing rebars, which indicated that the retaining structures were not overstressed. The comparisons between the design analysis results and the field measurements show that the adopted beam-on-elastic-foundation method can make relatively reasonable estimation on excavation-induced deflections of the unpropped circular retaining wall.
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Acknowledgments
Many organizations and people contributed to the success of this research project and special thanks are due to Mr. Hongliang Lan and Mr. Linkang Xuan of Shanghai Geotechnical Investigations & Design Institute Company Limited for providing the detailed information about site conditions and field instrumentation. The financial support provided by the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (No. 13ZZ027) is gratefully acknowledged. Finally, the insightful comments and suggestions from three anonymous reviewers and the editor are sincerely appreciated.
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Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 29 • Issue 2 • April 2015
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 26, 2013
Accepted: Oct 11, 2013
Published online: Oct 14, 2013
Discussion open until: Dec 23, 2014
Published in print: Apr 1, 2015
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