Hydraulics of Tangential Vortex Intake for Urban Drainage
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VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 3
Abstract
A tangential vortex intake is a compact structure that can convey storm water efficiently as a swirling flow down a vortex dropshaft. It has been studied in physical models and successfully employed in urban drainage and hydroelectric plant applications, but a comprehensive account of the key flow characteristics has not been reported and a theoretical design guideline of a tangential intake is not available. In this study the hydraulics of tangential slot vortex intakes is investigated via extensive experiments. It is found that the flow in the tapering and downward sloping vortex inlet channel is strongly dependent on the geometry of the inlet and dropshaft. Under some conditions, hydraulic instability and overflow can occur, rendering the design ineffective. It is shown that the hydraulic stability depends on the discharge at which flow control shifts from upstream to downstream , as well as the free drainage discharge . A theoretical design criterion for stable flow is developed in terms of and as a function of the vortex inlet geometry. For a “stable” design, the flow in the tapering inlet evolves from supercritical flow to subcritical flow smoothly as the discharge increases. Fifteen different tangential vortex intake models are tested. The experimental observations are in excellent agreement with the theoretical prediction. The present study provides a general guideline for designing a tangential vortex intake that can convey the flow smoothly without unstable fluctuating flow associated with a hydraulic jump.
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Acknowledgments
This research was engendered by a series of model studies of vortex flow intakes for the Drainage Service Department (DSD) of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China, and in part supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council (RGC HKU7143/06E). The assistance of Mr. Edward Lai in the experimental investigation is gratefully acknowledged. This paper was prepared during a research visit supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.
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Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 135 • Issue 3 • March 2009
Pages: 164 - 174
Copyright
© 2009 ASCE.
History
Received: Feb 25, 2008
Accepted: Aug 25, 2008
Published online: Mar 1, 2009
Published in print: Mar 2009
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