Unified View of Sediment Transport by Currents and Waves. II: Suspended Transport
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Volume 133, Issue 6
Abstract
The problem of suspended sediment transport in river and coastal flows is addressed. High-quality field data of river and coastal flows have been selected and clustered into four particle size classes (60–100, 100–200, 200–400, and ). The suspended sand transport is found to be strongly dependent on particle size and on current velocity. The suspended sand transport in the coastal zone is found to be strongly dependent on the relative wave height , particularly for current velocities in the range . The time-averaged (over the wave period) advection–diffusion equation is applied to compute the time-averaged sand concentration profile for combined current and wave conditions. Flocculation, hindered settling, and stratification effects are included by fairly simple expressions. The bed-shear stress is based on a new bed roughness predictor. The reference concentration function has been recalibrated using laboratory and field data for combined steady and oscillatory flow. The computed transport rates show reasonably good agreement (within a factor of 2) with measured values for velocities in the range of and sediments in the range of . The proposed method underpredicts in the low-velocity range . A new simplified transport formula is presented, which can be used to obtain a quick estimate of suspended transport. The modeling of wash load transport in river flow based on the energy concept of Bagnold shows that an extremely large amount of very fine sediment (clay and very fine silt) can be transported by the flow.
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Acknowledgments
The National Institute for Coasts and Sea (RIKZ/Rijkswaterstaat, The Netherlands) is gratefully acknowledged for providing research funds within the Generic Coastal Research Program (VOP). Also acknowledged are the Basic Research Program of Delft Hydraulics and the European Research Projects SEDMOC, COAST3D, and SANDPIT sponsored by the European Community Research Programme. J. R. van den Berg and M. Kleinhans of the University of Utrecht are gratefully acknowledged for their critical comments on the manuscript.
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Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 133 • Issue 6 • June 2007
Pages: 668 - 689
Copyright
© 2007 ASCE.
History
Received: Jul 8, 2005
Accepted: Aug 2, 2006
Published online: Jun 1, 2007
Published in print: Jun 2007
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