Minimizing Urban Floodplain Management Regrets under Deeply Uncertain Climate Change
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 145, Issue 2
Abstract
Optimization modeling can reveal promising multiperiod schedules for adapting to deeply uncertain changes in flooding. We contribute a parsimonious optimization model (mixed integer program) that adjusts the efficacy of property-scale adaptation measures (first-floor elevation, wet floodproofing, permanent retreat, insurance) for different floodwall investments and insurance incentives. After minimizing expected flood-control and damage costs for individual scenarios, we identified adaptation portfolios that minimize underdesign and overdesign regrets under a deeply uncertain future. A near-optimal solutions algorithm also identified diverse solutions with different multistakeholder tradeoffs. A stylized example showed that, when mild damage is tolerated, portfolios combining smaller floodwalls, wet floodproofing of basements, and moderately elevated manufactured (mobile) homes can be more robust to climate uncertainty than larger floodwalls alone. Yet, near-optimal solutions demonstrated that larger floodwalls without any property-scale measures are also feasible. Insurance incentives targeting property-scale measures (elevation, wet floodproofing) suited for permanent homes discourage municipal floodwall investments and force owners of manufactured homes to retreat. The results motivate further research on wet floodproofing, retreat financing, and insurance-based adaptation incentives.
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Acknowledgments
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Estuarine Research Reserve System Science Collaborative (NOAA Grant No. NA09NOS4190153), the National Science Foundation Integrative Graduate Education Research Traineeship (NSF-IGERT) program, and the Tufts Institute of the Environment provided financial support. This research was conducted in collaboration with the Climate Adaptation Plan for Exeter project. Undergraduate assistants Hannah Conroy and Sylvia Lustig provided valuable support. Finally, the authors are thankful for reviews from two anonymous referees as well as discussions with Richard Vogel, Maura Allaire, Jim Limbrunner, Mahdi Zarghami, Jake Serago, Aaron Thomas, and Shaina Korman-Houston.
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Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 145 • Issue 2 • February 2019
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©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Dec 23, 2017
Accepted: Jun 15, 2018
Published online: Dec 8, 2018
Published in print: Feb 1, 2019
Discussion open until: May 8, 2019
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