Abstract

Research on infilled reinforced concrete frames is fundamental for the vulnerability assessment of existing buildings. The analysis of the interaction between infill and frame is an open issue in performance-based earthquake engineering due to its importance in predicting the dynamic behavior and failure modes of buildings. This study provides an open access database of laboratory tests on masonry infilled reinforced concrete frames, collected from the literature and harmonized in a consistent framework. The database is named Masonry Infill Database 1.1 (MID 1.1). The data were grouped in categories to calibrate a piecewise linear curve representing the lateral response of the infill depending on the masonry wall and the frame details. The gathered data were used to assess analytical models and numerical studies from the literature with the aim of revising the formulations currently used in the equivalent strut approach. An empirical model for the equivalent strut was developed through a power-law multiple regression of the database. The open access database in its spreadsheet form is intended to provide a useful tool for the analysis of infilled reinforced concrete frames.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Data Availability Statement

All data used during the study, including the Excel spreadsheet file of MID 1.1, are available at the University of Bristol data repository, data.bris, at https://doi.org/10.5523/bris.71oex4uyxye925b8fai0v1qk5, in accordance with funder data retention policies.

Acknowledgments

The second author acknowledges the support of the Leverhulme Trust (Grant No. RPG-2017-006, GENESIS project). The database MID 1.1 was used to produce all figures and tables in this study.

References

ACI (American Concrete Institute). 2014. Building code requirements for structural concrete. Naples, FL: ACI.
Al-Chaar, G. K., M. Issa, and S. Sweeney. 2002. “Behavior of masonry-infilled nonductile reinforced concrete frames.” J. Struct. Eng. 128 (8): 1055–1063. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2002)128:8(1055).
Al-Naghi, A. A. A., M. K. Rahman, O. S. B. Al-Amoudi, and S. U. Al-Dulaijan. 2020. “Thermal performance evaluation of walls with AAC blocks, insulating plaster, and reflective coating.” J. Energy Eng. 146 (2): 04019040. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000636.
Al-Nimry, H. S. 2014. “Quasi-static testing of RC infilled frames and confined stone-concrete bearing walls.” J. Earthquake Eng. 18 (1): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2013.835292.
Angel, R., D. P. Abrams, D. Shapiro, J. Uzarski, and M. Webster. 1994. Behavior of reinforced concrete frames with masonry infills. Decatur, IL: Univ. of Illinois.
ASCE. 2017. Seismic evaluation and retrofit of existing buildings. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Baran, M., and T. Sevil. 2010. “Analytical and experimental studies on infilled RC frames.” Int. J. Phys. Sci. 5 (13): 1981–1998.
Basha, S. H., and H. B. Kaushik. 2012. “Evaluation of shear demand on columns of masonry infilled reinforced concrete frames.” In Proc., 15th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. Lisboa, Portugal. Tokyo: International Association for Earthquake Engineering.
Basha, S. H., and H. B. Kaushik. 2016. “Suitability of fly ash brick masonry as infill in reinforced concrete frames.” Mater. Struct. 49 (3): 3831–3845. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-015-0757-5.
Bazan, E., and R. Meli. 1980. “Seismic analysis of structures with masonry walls.” In Proc., 7th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering, 633–640. Tokyo: International Association for Earthquake Engineering.
Biondi, S., F. Colangelo, and C. Nuti. 2000. “La risposta sismica dei telai con tamponature murarie.” In CNR–Gruppo Nazionale per la Difesa dai Terremoti–Roma. Roma, Italy: CNR-Gruppo Nazionale per la Difesa dai Terremoti.
Blasi, G. 2019. Seismic performances of Non-Structural Components: Influence on the structural behaviour and vulnerability assessment. Lecce, Italy: Univ. of Salento.
Blasi, G., F. De Luca, and M. A. Aiello. 2018a. “Brittle failure in RC masonry infilled frames: The role of infill overstrength.” In Engineering structures, 506–518. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.
Blasi, G., D. Perrone, and M. A. Aiello. 2018b. “Fragility functions and floor spectra of RC masonry infilled frames: Influence of mechanical properties of masonry infills.” In Bulletin of earthquake engineering, 6105–6130. Berlin: Springer.
Blasi, G., D. Perrone, and M. A. Aiello. 2020. “Influence of the modelling approach on the failure modes of RC Infilled frames under seismic actions.” In Lecture notes in civil engineering—Proceedings of Italian concrete days 2018. Berlin: Springer.
Borzi, B., R. Pinho, and H. Crowley. 2008. “Simplified pushover-based vulnerability analysis for large-scale assessment of RC buildings.” Eng. Struct. 30 (3): 804–820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.05.021.
Bose, S., and D. C. Rai. 2014. “Behavior of AAC infilled RC frame under lateral loading.” In Proc., 10th US National Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. Oakland, CA: Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.
Burton, H., and G. Deierlein. 2013. “Simulation of seismic collapse in non-ductile reinforced concrete frame buildings with masonry infills.” J. Struct. Eng. 140 (8): A4014016. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000921.
Calvi, G. M., and D. Bolognini. 2001. “Seismic response of reinforced concrete frames infilled with weakly reinforced masonry panels.” J. Earthquake Eng. 5 (2): 153–185. https://doi.org/10.1142/S136324690100039X.
Calvi, G. M., D. Bolognini, and A. Penna. 2004. “Seismic performance of masonry-infilled RC frames: Benefits of slight reinforcements.” In Proc., 6th Portuguese Congress on Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, 253–276. Lisbon, Portugal: Sociedade Portuguesa de Materiais.
Cavaleri, L., and F. Di Trapani. 2014. “Cyclic response of masonry infilled RC frames: Experimental results and simplified modeling.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng. 65 (11): 224–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.06.016.
Cavaleri, L., and F. Di Trapani. 2015. “Prediction of the additional shear action on frame members due to infills.” Bull. Earthquake Eng. 13 (5): 1425–1454. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-014-9668-z.
Cavaleri, L., F. Di Trapani, P. G. Asteris, and V. Sarhosis. 2017. “Influence of column shear failure on pushover based assessment of masonry infilled reinforced concrete framed structures: A case study.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng. 100 (5): 98–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.05.032.
Celarec, D., P. Ricci, and M. Dolšek. 2012. “The sensitivity of seismic response parameters to the uncertain modelling variables of masonry-infilled reinforced concrete frames.” Eng. Struct. 35 (8): 165–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.11.007.
Çelebi, M., et al. 2010. “Recorded motions of the 6 April 2009 Mw6.3 L’Aquila, Italy, earthquake and implications for building structural damage: Overview.” Earthquake Spectra 26 (3): 651–684. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.3450317.
Chrysostomou, C. Z., P. Gergely, and J. F. Abel. 2002. “A six-strut model for nonlinear dynamic analysis of steel infilled frames.” Int. J. Struct. Stab. Dyn. 2 (3): 335–353. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219455402000567.
Colangelo, F. 1996. “Pseudodynamic tests on brick-infilled RC frames.” In Proc., 11th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. Tokyo: International Association for Earthquake Engineering.
Colangelo, F. 2003. “Experimental evaluation of member-by-member models and damage indices for infilled frames.” J. Earthquake Eng. 7 (1): 25–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460309350440.
Colangelo, F. 2005. “Pseudo-dynamic seismic response of reinforced concrete frames infilled with non-structural brick masonry.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 34 (7): 1219–1241. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.477.
Crisafulli, F. J. 1997. Seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete structures with masonry infills. Canterbury, New Zealand: Univ. of Canterbury.
Crisafulli, F. J., A. J. Carr, and R. Park. 2005. “Experimental response of framed masonry structures designed with new reinforcing details.” Bull. N.Z. Soc. Earthquake Eng. 38 (1): 19–32. https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.38.1.19-32.
Decanini, L. D., A. De Sortis, A. Goretti, L. Liberatore, F. Mollaioli, and P. Bazzurro. 2004. “Performance of reinforced concrete buildings during the 2002 Molise, Italy, earthquake.” Earthquake Spectra 20 (1): 221–255. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1765107.
Deierlein, G. G., A. M. Reinhorn, and M. R. Willford. 2010. Nonlinear Structural analysis for seismic design—A guide for practicing engineers. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Del Gaudio, C., P. Ricci, G. M. Verderame, and G. Manfredi. 2015. “Development and urban-scale application of a simplified method for seismic fragility assessment of RC buildings.” Eng. Struct. 91 (May): 40–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.01.031.
De Luca, F., G. Blasi, D. Perrone, and M. A. Aiello. 2020. Masonry infill database Mid 1.1. Bristol, England: Univ. of Bristol.
De Luca, F., N. Giordano, H. Gryc, L. Hulme, C. McCarthy, V. Sanderson, and A. Sextos. 2019. “Nepalese school building stock and implications on seismic vulnerability assessment.” In Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Earthquake Engineering and Post Disaster Reconstruction Planning. Bhaktapur, Nepal: International Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Post Disaster Reconstruction Planning.
De Luca, F., S. Kythreotis, M. J. Werner, and J. P. Verdon. 2017. “Natural earthquakes as proxies for induced seismic hazard and risk: Comparing peak and cyclic inelastic response.” In Proc., 16th World Conf. on Earthquake. Tokyo: International Association for Earthquake Engineering.
De Luca, F., E. Morciano, D. Perrone, and M. A. Aiello. 2016. “Masonry infilled RC frame experimental database.” In Proc., CTE Conf. Milan, Italy: Collegio dei Tecnici della Industrializzazione Edilizia.
De Luca, F., D. Vamvatsikos, and I. Iervolino. 2013. “Near-optimal piecewise linear fits of static pushover capacity curves for equivalent SDOF analysis.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 42 (5): 523–543. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2225.
De Luca, F., G. M. Verderame, F. Gómez-Martínez, and A. Pérez-García. 2014. “The structural role played by masonry infills on RC building performances after the 2011 Lorca, Spain, earthquake.” Bull. Earthquake Eng. 12 (5): 1999–2026. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-013-9500-1.
De Risi, M. T., C. Del Gaudio, P. Ricci, and G. M. Verderame. 2018. “In-plane behaviour and damage assessment of masonry infills with hollow clay bricks in RC frames.” Eng. Struct. 168 (Sep): 257–275. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460109350383.
Di Trapani, F. 2014. Masonry infilled RC frames: Experimental results and development of predictive techniques for the assessment of seismic response. Palermo, Italy: Università degli Studi di Palermo.
Di Trapani, F., G. Bertagnoli, M. F. Ferrotto, and D. Gino. 2018. “Empirical equations for the direct definition of stress–strain laws for fiber-section-based macromodeling of infilled frames.” J. Eng. Mech. 144 (11): 04018101. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001532.
Di Trapani, F., V. Bolis, F. Basone, and M. Preti. 2020. “Seismic reliability and loss assessment of RC frame structures with traditional and innovative masonry infills.” Eng. Struct. 208 (Apr): 110306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110306.
Dolšek, M., and P. Fajfar. 2001. “Soft storey effects in uniformly infilled reinforced concrete frames.” J. Earthquake Eng. 5 (1): 1–12.
Dolšek, M., and P. Fajfar. 2004. “IN2—A simple alternative for IDA.” In Proc., 13th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. Tokyo: International Association for Earthquake Engineering.
Dolšek, M., and P. Fajfar. 2005. “Simplified non-linear seismic analysis of infilled reinforced concrete frames.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 34 (Apr): 49–66. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.411.
Dolšek, M., and P. Fajfar. 2008. “The effect of masonry infills on the seismic response of a four-storey reinforced concrete frame—A deterministic assessment.” Eng. Struct. 30 (7): 1991–2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.01.001.
European Seismological Commission. 1998. European macroseismic scale. Valletta, Malta: European Seismological Commission.
European Standard. 2004. Eurocode 2—Design of concrete structures—Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings. Norway, Switzerland: European Standard.
European Standard. 2005a. Eurocode 8—Design of structures for earthquake resistance—Part 1: General rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings. Norway, Switzerland: European Standard.
European Standard. 2005b. Eurocode 8—Design of structures for earthquake resistance—Part 3: Assessment and retrofitting of buildings. Norway, Switzerland: European Standard.
FEMA. 1998. Evaluation of earthquake damaged concrete and masonry wall buildings. Washington, DC: FEMA.
FEMA. 2000. Prestandard and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of building. Washington, DC: FEMA.
Fiore, A., F. Porco, D. Raffaele, and G. Uva. 2012. “About the influence of the infill panels over the collapse mechanisms actived under pushover analyses: Two case studies.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng. 39 (Aug): 11–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2012.02.004.
Ganz, H. R. 2003. Post-tensioned masonry structures. Bern, Switzerland: VSL International LTD.
Haris, I., and G. Farkas. 2018. “Experimental results on masonry infilled RC frames for monotonic increasing and cyclic lateral load.” Period. Polytech., Civ. Eng. 62 (3): 772–782. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPci.8099.
Huang, H., H. V. Burton, and S. Sattar. 2020. “Development and utilization of a database of infilled frame experiments for numerical modeling.” J. Struct. Eng. 146 (6): 04020079. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002608.
Huang, Q., Z. Guo, and J. S. Kuang. 2016. “Designing infilled reinforced concrete frames with the ‘strong frame-weak infill’ principle.” Eng. Struct. 123 (4): 341–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.05.024.
Imran, I., and A. Aryanto. 2009. “Behavior of reinforced concrete frames in-filled with lightweight materials under seismic loads.” Civ. Eng. Dimen. 11 (2): 69–77. https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.11.2.pp.%2069-77.
Jeon, J.-S., J.-H. Park, and R. DesRoches. 2015. “Seismic fragility of lightly reinforced concrete frames with masonry infill.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 44 (8): 1783–1803. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2555.
Kakaletsis, D. 2011. “Comparison of CFRP and alternative seismic retrofitting techniques for bare and infilled RC frames.” J. Compos. Constr. 15 (4): 565–577. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000196.
Kakaletsis, D. J., and C. G. Karayannis. 2008. “Influence of masonry strength and openings on infilled R/C frames under cycling loading.” J. Earthquake Eng. 12 (2): 197–221. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460701299138.
Koutromanos, I., A. Stavridis, P. B. Shing, and K. Willam. 2011. “Numerical modeling of masonry-infilled RC frames subjected to seismic loads.” Comput. Struct. 89 (11–12): 1026–1037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2011.01.006.
Kyriakides, M. A. 2011. Seismic Retrofit of Unreinforced masonry infills in non-ductile reinforced concrete frames using engineered cementitious composites. Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ.
Liauw, T.-C., and K.-H. Kwan. 1984. “Nonlinear behaviour of non-integral infilled frames.” Comput. Struct. 18 (3): 551–560. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(84)90070-1.
Liberatore, L., F. Noto, F. Mollaioli, and P. Franchin. 2018. “In-plane response of masonry infill walls: Comprehensive experimentally-based equivalent strut model for deterministic and probabilistic analysis.” Eng. Struct. 167 (8): 533–548.
Mainstone, R. J. 1971. “On the stiffnesses and strengths of infilled frames.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. 49 (2): 57–90. https://doi.org/10.1680/iicep.1971.6267.
Manfredi, G., A. Prota, G. M. Verderame, F. De Luca, and P. Ricci. 2014. “2012 Emilia earthquake, Italy: Reinforced concrete buildings response.” Bull. Earthquake Eng. 12 (5): 2275–2298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-013-9512-x.
Mehrabi, A. B., P. B. Shing, M. P. Schuller, and J. L. Noland. 1994. Performance of masonry-infilled R/C frames under in-plane lateral loads. Boulder, CO: Univ. of Colorado.
Mehrabi, A. B., P. B. Shing, M. P. Schuller, and J. L. Noland. 1996. “Experimental evaluation of masonry in-filled RC frames.” J. Struct. Eng. 122 (3): 228–237. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1996)122:3(228).
Milanesi, R. R., P. Morandi, and G. Magenes. 2018. “Local effects on RC frames induced by AAC masonry infills through FEM simulation of in-plane tests.” Bull. Earthquake Eng. 16 (9): 4053–4080. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0353-5.
Panagiotakos, T. B., and M. N. Fardis. 1996. “Seismic response of infilled RC frame structures.” In Proc., 11th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering, Tokyo: International Association for Earthquake Engineering.
Pantò, B., I. Caliò, and P. B. Lourenço. 2017. “Seismic safety evaluation of reinforced concrete masonry infilled frames using macro modelling approach.” Bull. Earthquake Eng. 15 (9): 3871–3895. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-017-0120-z.
Peng, Q., X. Zhou, and C. Yang. 2018. “Influence of connection and constructional details on masonry-infilled RC frames under cyclic loading.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng. 108 (Mar): 96–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.02.009.
Penna, A., G. Magenes, G. M. Calvi, and A. Costa. 2008. “Seismic performance of AAC infill and bearing walls with different reinforcement solutions.” In Proc., 14th Int. Brick & Block Masonry Conf. Newcastle, Callaghan: Univ. of Newcastle, Callaghan.
Perrone, D., M. Leone, and M. A. Aiello. 2016. “Evaluation of the infill influence on the elastic period of existing RC frames.” Eng. Struct. 123 (5): 419–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.05.050.
Perrone, D., M. Leone, and M. A. Aiello. 2017. “Non-linear behaviour of masonry infilled RC frames: Influence of masonry mechanical properties.” Eng. Struct. 150 (5): 875–891.
Pires, F., and E. C. Carvalho. 1992. “The behaviour of infilled concrete frames under horizontal cyclic loading.” In Proc., 10th world Conf. on Earthquake Engineering, 3419–3422. Rotterdam, Netherlands: A.A. Balkema.
Polese, M., G. M. Verderame, C. Mariniello, I. Iervolino, and G. Manfredi. 2008. “Vulnerability analysis for gravity load designed RC buildings in Naples—Italy.” J. Earthquake Eng. 12 (2): 234–245. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460802014147.
Polyakov, S. V. 1960. “On the interaction between masonry filler walls and enclosing frame when loading in the plane of the wall.” In Translations in earthquake engineering. San Francisco: Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.
Porco, F., A. Fiore, G. Uva, and D. Raffaele. 2015. “The influence of infilled panels in retrofitting interventions of existing reinforced concrete buildings: A case study.” Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 11 (2): 162–175. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2013.862726.
Pujol, S., and D. Fick. 2010. “The test of a full-scale three-story RC structure with masonry infill walls.” Eng. Struct. 32 (10): 3112–3121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.05.030.
Redmond, L., A. Stavridis, L. Kahn, and R. DesRoches. 2018. “Finite-element modeling of hybrid concrete-masonry frames subjected to in-plane loads.” J. Struct. Eng. 144 (1): 04017178. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001913.
Ricci, P., F. De Luca, and G. M. Verderame. 2011. “6th April 2009 L’Aquila earthquake, Italy: Reinforced concrete building performance.” Bull. Earthquake Eng. 9 (1): 285–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-010-9204-8.
Ricci, P., M. T. De Risi, G. M. Verderame, and G. Manfredi. 2016. “Procedures for calibration of linear models for damage limitation in design of masonry-infilled RC frames.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 45 (8): 1315–1335. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2709.
Rossetto, T., and A. Elnashai. 2005. “A new analytical procedure for the derivation of displacement-based vulnerability curves for populations of RC structures.” Eng. Struct. 27 (Mar): 397–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.11.002.
Salmanpour, A., N. Mojsilovic, and J. Schwartz. 2012. “Experimental study of the deformation capacity of structural masonry.” In Proc., 12th Canadian Masonry Symp. Mississauga, Canada: Canada Masonry Design Centre.
Schwarz, S., A. Hanaor, and D. Z. Yankelevsky. 2015. “Experimental response of reinforced concrete frames with AAC masonry infill walls to in-plane cyclic loading.” Structures 3 (6): 306–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2015.06.005.
Sezen, H., A. S. Whittaker, K. J. Elwood, and K. M. Mosalam. 2003. “Performance of reinforced concrete buildings during the August 17, 1999 Kocaeli, Turkey earthquake, and seismic design and construction practise in Turkey.” Eng. Struct. 25 (1): 103–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(02)00121-9.
Šipoš, T. K., M. Hadzima-Nyarko, I. Miličević, and G. Marin. 2018. “Structural performance levels for masonry infilled frames.” In Proc., 16th European Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. Istanbul, Turkey: European Association for Earthquake Engineering.
Šipoš, T. K., V. Sigmund, and M. Hadzima-Nyarko. 2013. “Earthquake performance of infilled frames using neural networks and experimental database.” Eng. Struct. 51 (Jun): 113–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.12.038.
Skafida, S., L. Koutas, S. N. Bousias, S. Skafida, L. Koutas, and S. N. Bousias. 2014. “Analytical modeling of masonry infilled RC frames and verification with experimental data.” J. Struct. 2014 (1): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/216549.
Stafford Smith, B., and C. Carter. 1969. “A method of analysis for infilled frames.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. 44 (1): 31–48. https://doi.org/10.1680/iicep.1969.7290.
Stavridis, A., J. Martin, and S. Bose. 2017. “Updating the ASCE 41 provisions for infilled RC frames.” In Proc., 2017 Structural Engineers Association of California (SEAOC) Convention. San Diego: Structural Engineers Association of California, Sacramento.
Teguh, M. 2017. “Experimental evaluation of masonry infill walls of RC frame buildings subjected to cyclic loads.” Procedia Eng. 171 (2): 191–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.01.326.
Uva, G., F. Porco, and A. Fiore. 2012. “Appraisal of masonry infill walls effect in the seismic response of RC framed buildings: A case study.” Eng. Struct. 34 (Jan): 514–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.08.043.
Varum, H., H. Rodrigues, and A. Costa. 2005. “Numerical model to account for the influence of infill masonry on the RC structures behaviour.” In Proc., 12th Portuguese Society Meeting/ III Int. Material Symp. Lisbon, Portugal: Sociedade Portuguesa de Materiais.
Verderame, G. M., F. De Luca, P. Ricci, and G. Manfredi. 2011. “Preliminary analysis of a soft-storey mechanism after the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 40 (8): 925–944. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1069.
Verderame, G. M., P. Ricci, F. De Luca, C. Del Gaudio, and M. T. De Risi. 2014. “Damage scenarios for RC buildings during the 2012 Emilia (Italy) earthquake.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng. 66 (Nov): 385–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.06.034.
Zovkic, J., V. Sigmund, and I. Guljas. 2013. “Cyclic testing of a single bay reinforced concrete frames with various types of masonry infill.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 42 (8): 1131–1149. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2263.
Zovkić, J., V. Sigmund, and I. Guljaš. 2012. “Testing of R/C frames with masonry infill of various strength.” In Proc., 15th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. Tokyo: International Association for Earthquake Engineering.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Structural Engineering
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 147Issue 10October 2021

History

Received: Jun 22, 2020
Accepted: Apr 28, 2021
Published online: Aug 3, 2021
Published in print: Oct 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Jan 3, 2022

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Postdoctoral Researcher, Dept. of Engineering for Innovation, Univ. of Salento, Via per Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2032-4227. Email: [email protected]
Flavia De Luca
Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR, UK.
Postdoctoral Researcher, Dept. of Engineering for Innovation, Univ. of Salento, Via per Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy; Postdoctoral Researcher, Univ. School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, Piazza della Vittoria n.15, Pavia 27100, Italy. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9080-2215
Graduate Student, Dept. of Engineering for Innovation, Univ. of Salento, Via per Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5377-5550
Maria Antonietta Aiello
Full Professor, Dept. of Engineering for Innovation, Univ. of Salento, Via per Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

  • FAST-NEPAL: Regionally Calibrated Spectral Method for Reinforced Concrete With Masonry Infills, Frontiers in Built Environment, 10.3389/fbuil.2021.689921, 7, (2022).
  • Seismic risk assessment of masonry-infilled RC building portfolios: impact of variability in the infill properties, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 10.1007/s10518-022-01563-0, 21, 2, (957-995), (2022).
  • In-plane and out-of-plane model for retrofitted infill walls in reinforced concrete framed buildings, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 10.1007/s10518-022-01522-9, 20, 15, (8277-8304), (2022).

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share