In-Plane Stiffness of Hybrid Steel–Cross-Laminated Timber Floor Diaphragms
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 144, Issue 8
Abstract
The use of hybrid structural systems formed by combining wood with other materials provides engineers with a wide range of solutions to satisfy code requirements for mid- and possibly high-rise buildings. Hybrid wood-based systems include a wide range of construction methods and different levels of integration of materials and components. The research discussed in this paper presents an innovative hybrid timber-steel solution for floor diaphragms developed by joining cross-laminated timber panels with cold-formed customized steel beams. The repeatable floor unit is prefabricated off site and then fastened on site using preloaded bolts and self-tapping screws. The paper discusses the in-plane stiffness of the floor and the distribution of the horizontal loads to the shear walls. A numerical model was developed with its input parameters calibrated from full-scale experimental tests. The effects of connections and element arrangement, load and constraint conditions, the relative stiffness of shear walls and their spacing, as well as the floor aspect ratio on the load-displacement response of floors has been investigated. The findings allow engineers to find the fundamental design parameters and evaluate their role in the diaphragmatic behavior of floors. In particular, unfavorable layouts for the shear walls must be avoided in order to prevent an excessive in-plane deformation of the buildings.
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Acknowledgments
The experimental research program included in this paper was supported by the Regional Development Fund of the Province of Trento as part of the Live to Live Project: Integrated Sustainable Construction Systems with a Steel-Timber Structure for Industrialized Buildings (Loss et al. 2016c). The analytical part of the work was supported by the British Columbia Innovation Council through funding to the BC Leadership Chair in Tall Wood and Hybrid Structures Engineering.
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 144 • Issue 8 • August 2018
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 7, 2017
Accepted: Feb 4, 2018
Published online: Jun 15, 2018
Published in print: Aug 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Nov 15, 2018
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