Planetary Boundary Layer Modeling and Standard Provisions for Supertall Building Design
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 143, Issue 8
Abstract
According to recent results of planetary boundary layer research relevant to the design of tall buildings subjected to large-scale synoptic storm winds, for elevations of up to at least 1 km, the longitudinal mean wind speeds are monotonically increasing with height. It is shown that, for this reason, to avoid the possible unconservative design of supertall buildings significantly affected aerodynamically by neighboring buildings, an explicit derogation from the ASCE 7 standard specification of the gradient heights is necessary for buildings with heights greater than .
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
Competent contributions to this work by Chongqing Fan of the School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnic University, Xi’an, are acknowledged with thanks.
References
Architectural Institute of Japan. (2004). “AIJ recommendations for loads on buildings.” ⟨http://www.aij.or.jp/jpn/symposium/2006/loads/loads.htm⟩ (Jun. 5, 2015).
ASCE. (1988). “Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures.” ASCE-88, New York.
ASCE. (2010). “Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures.” ASCE 7-10, Reston, VA.
ASCE. (2012). “Wind tunnel testing for buildings and other structures.” ASCE 49-12, Reston, VA.
Baker, W., Sinn, R., Novak, I., and Viise, J. (2000). “Structural optimization of 2000-foot tall 7 South Dearborn Building.” Structures Congress 2000, ASCE, Reston, VA.
Blackadar, A. K. (1962). “The vertical distribution of wind and turbulent exchange in a neutral atmosphere.” J. Geophys. Res., 67(8), 3095–3102.
Blackadar, A. K., and Tennekes, H. (1968). “Asymptotic similarity in neutral barotropic planetary boundary layer.” J. Atmos. Sci., 25(6), 1015–1020.
Csanady, G. T. (1967). “On the ‘resistance law’ of a turbulent Ekman layer.” J. Atmos. Sci., 24(5), 467–471.
Davenport, A. G. (1965). “The relationship of wind structure to wind loading.” Symp. on Wind Effects on Buildings and Structures, Vol. 1, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, U.K., 53–102.
Hess, G. D. (2004). “The neutral barotropic planetary boundary layer, capped by a low-level inversion.” Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 110(3), 319–355.
Hess, G. D., and Garratt, J. R. (2002). “Evaluating models of the neutral, barotropic planetary boundary layer using integral measures. Part I: Overview.” Boundary Layer Meteorol., 104(3), 333–358.
Kung, E. C. (1966). “Large-scale balance of kinetic energy in the atmosphere.” Mon. Wea. Rev., 94(11), 627–640.
Lettau, H. H. (1962). “Theoretical wind spirals in the boundary layer of a barotropic atmosphere.” Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 35, 195–212.
Nash, J. F. (1969). “The calculation of three-dimensional boundary layers in turbulent flow.” J. Fluid Mech., 37(04), 625–642.
National Research Council. (1971). “Canadian structural design manual: Supplement No. 4 to the national building code of Canada.” Ottawa.
NIST. (2015). “Extreme winds software: Fortran code for the along-wind response of a tall building.” ⟨http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/winds/alongwind.htm⟩ (Oct. 3, 2016).
Powell, M. D., Reinhold, T. A., and Vickery, P. J. (2003). “Reduced drag coefficient for high wind speeds in tropical cyclones.” Nature, 422, 279–283.
Simiu, E., Patel, V. C., and Nash, J. F. (1976). “Mean speed profiles of hurricane winds.” J. Eng. Mech. Div., 102, 265–273.
Simiu, E., and Scanlan, R. H. (1986). Wind effects on structures, 3rd Ed., Wiley, Hoboken, NJ.
Simiu, E., Shi, L., and Yeo, D. (2016). “Planetary boundary-layer modelling and tall building design.” Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 159(1), 173–181.
Tennekes, H. (1973). “The logarithmic wind profile.” J. Atmos. Sci., 30(2), 234–238.
Zilitinkevich, S. S. (2012). “The height of the atmospheric planetary boundary layer: State of the art and new development.” National security and human health implications of climate change, Springer, Netherlands.
Zilitinkevich, S. S., and Esau, I. (2002). “On integral measures of the neutral barotropic planetary boundary layer.” Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 104(3), 371–379.
Zilitinkevich, S. S., Esau, I., and Baklanov, A. (2007). “Notes and correspondence: Further comments on the equilibrium height of neutral and stable planetary boundary layers.” Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 133(622), 265–271.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 143 • Issue 8 • August 2017
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 24, 2016
Accepted: Jan 13, 2017
Published ahead of print: Mar 30, 2017
Published online: Mar 31, 2017
Published in print: Aug 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Aug 31, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.