Steel-Reinforced Concrete Coupling Beams. I: Testing
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 143, Issue 3
Abstract
Structural steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) coupling beams are an alternative to conventional and diagonal rebar-reinforced concrete coupling beams. To address gaps in previous testing that was used to develop design recommendations, four large-scale, flexure-yielding, cantilever SRC coupling beams were embedded, without inclusion of auxiliary transfer bars and bearing plates, into reinforced concrete structural walls. Beams were tested by applying quasi-static, reversed-cyclic shear loading to the coupling beam, and moment and shear to the top of the wall to create cyclic tension and compression fields across the embedment region. The primary test variables were the structural steel section embedment length, beam span length (aspect ratio), quantities of wall boundary longitudinal and transverse reinforcement, and applied wall loading (moment, shear, and axial load). Favorable performance, characterized by minimal pinching and asymmetry in the load-deformation response and concentration of damage at the beam–wall interface, was associated with long embedment length, moderate-to-light wall demands, and heavy wall boundary reinforcement. Reduced embedment length, large wall demands, and light wall boundary reinforcement led to reduced performance, with increased pinching, asymmetry, and cyclic degradation evident in the load-deformation response and significant damage in the embedment region.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The work presented in this paper was supported by funds from the Charles Pankow Foundation. This research was performed in a collaboratory renovated with funds provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0963183, which is an award funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Charles Pankow Foundation or the National Science Foundation. Special thanks are extended to Steve Keowen, Alberto Salamanca, and Harold Kasper for assistance with laboratory testing.
References
ACI (American Concrete Institute). (2011). “Building code requirements for structural concrete.”, Farmington Hills, MI.
ACI (American Concrete Institute). (2014). “Building code requirements for structural concrete.”, Farmington Hills, MI.
AISC. (2010). “Seismic provisions for structural steel buildings.”, Chicago.
Aktan, A. E., and Bertero, V. V. (1984). “Seismic response of R/C frame-wall structures.” J. Struct. Eng., 1803–1821.
Fortney, P. J., Shahrooz, B. M., and Rassati, G. A. (2007). “Large-scale testing of a replaceable “fuse” steel coupling beam.” J. Struct. Eng., 1801–1807.
Gong, B., and Shahrooz, B. M. (2001a). “Concrete-steel composite coupling beams. I: Component testing.” J. Struct. Eng., 625–631.
Gong, B., and Shahrooz, B. M. (2001b). “Concrete-steel composite coupling beams. II: Subassembly testing and design verification.” J. Struct. Eng., 632–638.
Harries, K. A., Gong, B., and Shahrooz, B. M. (2000). “Behavior and design of reinforced concrete, steel, and steel-concrete coupling beams.” Earthquake Spectra, 16(4), 775–799.
Harries, K. A., Mitchell, D., Cook, W. D., and Redwood, R. G. (1993). “Seismic response of steel beams coupling concrete walls.” J. Struct. Eng., 3611–3629.
Harries, K. A., Mitchell, D., Redwood, R. G., and Cook, W. D. (1997). “Seismic design of coupled walls—A case for mixed construction.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 24(3), 448–459.
Hognestad, E., Hanson, N. W., and McHenry, D. (1955). “Concrete stress distribution in ultimate strength design.” ACI J. Proc., 52(12), 455–479.
Marcakis, K., and Mitchell, D. (1980). “Precast concrete connections with embedded steel members.” PCI J., 25(4), 88–116.
Mattock, A. H., and Gaafar, G. H. (1982). “Strength of embedded steel sections as brackets.” ACI Struct. J., 79(2), 83–93.
Motter, C. J., Fields, D. C., Hooper, J. D., Klemencic, R., and Wallace, J. W. (2016). “Steel reinforced concrete coupling beams. Part II: Modeling.” J. Struct. Eng., .
Motter, C. J., Wallace, J. W., Klemencic, R., Hooper, J. D., and Fields, D. C. (2013). “Large-scale testing of steel reinforced concrete coupling beams embedded into reinforced concrete shear walls.”, Univ. of California, Los Angeles.
Naish, D., Fry, A., Klemencic, R., and Wallace, J. (2013a). “Reinforced concrete coupling beams. Part I: Testing.” ACI Struct. J., 110(6), 1057–1066.
Naish, D., Fry, A., Klemencic, R., and Wallace, J. (2013b). “Reinforced concrete coupling beams. Part II: Modeling.” ACI Struct. J., 110(6), 1067–1075.
Shahrooz, B. M., Remetter, M. E., and Qin, F. (1993). “Seismic design and performance of composite coupled walls.” J. Struct. Eng., 119(11), 3291–3309.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 143 • Issue 3 • March 2017
Copyright
©2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 15, 2016
Accepted: Aug 3, 2016
Published online: Oct 17, 2016
Published in print: Mar 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Mar 17, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.