Research Needs for Developing a Risk-Informed Methodology for Community Resilience
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142, Issue 8
Abstract
Resilience has been defined as “the ability to prepare and plan for, absorb, recover from, and more successfully adapt to adverse events.” The term resilience is applied to a range of topics including physical security, business continuity, emergency planning, hazard mitigation, and the built environment’s (e.g., facilities, transportation systems, and utilities) ability to resist and rapidly recover from disruptive events. This paper focuses on research needs for achieving community resilience of the built environment. Community resilience depends upon the capacity of facilities and infrastructure systems to maintain acceptable levels of functionality during and after disruptive events and to recover full functionality within a specified period of time. Natural, technological, and human-made hazards in the United States continue to be responsible for significant losses and damage to the built environment. To improve the disaster resilience of communities to hazard events, each community needs to develop plans based on a risk-informed methodology that addresses multiple hazards, system performance levels, recovery of functionality, and dependencies between systems. However, quantitative tools and metrics and risk-informed guidance for communities are not presently available. A risk-informed methodology that supports decision making among alternatives for community resilience is proposed. Research needs are outlined for short-term and long-term development plans that are based on two national workshops in 2011. Research needs include risk-informed tools to support resilience planning at the community level, performance goals including functionality and recovery levels, multiple resilience levels, and standardized tools and metrics for community resilience and the built environment.
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Acknowledgments
This paper benefitted from input by a number of individuals. Two workshops were held by NIST in 2011 (McAllister 2013) to discuss research needs for developing more resilient buildings and infrastructure systems, and provided a valuable source of data and ideas. The American National Standards Institute’s Homeland Security Standards Panel (ANSI-HSSP) coordinated the arrangements for the two events and our DHS sponsors provided valuable support. This paper also benefitted from NIST workshops that informed the development of a Community Resilience Planning Guide for Buildings and Infrastructure Systems (NIST 2015). Numerous participants at these workshops, including professionals knowledgeable about many aspects of the built environment, greatly assisted in identifying technical gaps and research needs in the present codes, standards, and practices.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142 • Issue 8 • August 2016
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 21, 2013
Accepted: Jun 19, 2015
Published online: Jul 30, 2015
Discussion open until: Dec 30, 2015
Published in print: Aug 1, 2016
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