Impact Response of Reinforced Concrete Beam and Its Analytical Evaluation
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 8
Abstract
This paper examines the impact responses of reinforced concrete (RC) beams through an experimental study and presents an analytical model developed to predict the maximum midspan deflection and maximum impact load, which aids as an important performance index to evaluate the damage levels of RC beams when subjected to impact loadings. The experimental study involves a drop hammer impact test and investigates the influence of drop height and the effect of the amount of longitudinal steel reinforcement contributes to the response of RC beams. The RC beam specimens used in the experiment comprised of under-reinforced sections provided with sufficient amount of transverse reinforcements to allow for an overall flexural failure. The experimental impact responses of the RC beams were simulated with two-degree-of-freedom mass-spring-damper system model, in which the loading rate effects were duly considered. The analytical results are in good agreement with the experimental results for the RC beams that exhibited overall flexural failure.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers thank K. Masuda and K. Hagishima, who are former students in the National Defense Academy, Japan for their assistance in performing the impact loading test and rapid loading test.
References
Agardh, L., and Laine, L. (1999). “3D FE-simulation of high-velocity fragment perforation of reinforced concrete slabs.” Int. J. Impact Eng., 22, 911–922.
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). (1991). Guide specifications and commentary for vessel collision design of highway bridges, AASHTO, Washington, D.C.
Ammann, W., Mühlematter, M., and Bachmann, H. (1982). “Stress-strain behaviour of non-prestressed and prestressed reinforcing steel at high strain rates.” Proc., RILEM/CEB/IABSE/IASS Interassociation Symp. on Concrete Structures under Impact and Impulsive Loading, BAM, Berlin, 146–156.
Banthia, N. P., Mindess, S., Bentur, A., and Pigeon, M. (1989). “Impact testing of concrete using a drop-weight impact machine.” Exp. Mech., 29(1), 63–69.
Dancygier, A. N. (2000). “Scaling of non-proportional non-deforming projectiles impacting reinforced concrete barriers.” Int. J. Impact Eng., 24, 33–55.
Dancygier, A. N., Yankelevsky, D. Z., and Jaegermann, C. (2007). “Response of high performance concrete plates to impact of non-deforming projectiles.” Int. J. Impact Eng., 34, 1768–1779.
Fujikake, K. (2007). “Response analysis of RC beams subjected to impact loads.” Proc., 1st Int. Workshop on Performance, Protection, and Strengthening of Structures under Extreme Loading (CD-ROM), Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver.
Fujikake, K., Mori, K., Uebayashi, K., Ohno, T., and Mizuno, J. (2001). “Constitutive model for concrete materials with high-rates of loading under tri-axial compressive stress states.” Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Concrete under Severe Conditions, Vol. 1, JSCE, Tokyo, 636–643.
Fujikake, K., Senga, T., Ueda, N., Ohno, T., and Katagiri, M. (2006). “Study on impact responses of reactive powder concrete beam and its analytical model.” J. Adv. Concr. Technol., 4(1), 99–108.
Gere, J. M. (2003). Mechanics of materials, 6th Ed., Brooks/Cole, Belmont.
Hughes, G., and Beeby, A. W. (1982). “Investigation of the effect of impact loading on concrete beams.” Struct. Eng., 60B(3), 45–52.
Ishikawa, N., Katsuki, S., and Takemoto, K. (2000). “Dynamic analysis of prestressed concrete beams under impact and high speed loadings.” Proc., 6th Int. Conf. on Structures under Shock and Impact, WIT Press, Southampton, 247–256.
Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE). (1993). “Impact behavior and design of structures.” Structural Engineering Series 6, JSCE, Tokyo (in Japanese).
Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE). (2002). Standard specifications for concrete structures 2002, structural performance verification, JSCE, Tokyo (in Japanese).
Kishi, N., et al. (2003). “Round robin analysis of RC beam subjected to an impact load due to a falling weight.” Proc., 1st Int. Conf. on Design and Analysis of Protective Structure against Impact/Impulsive/Shock Loads, DAPSIL, Tokyo, 305–318.
Kishi, N., Ikeda, K., Mikami, H., and Yamaguchi, E. (2001). “Dynamic behavior of RC beams under steel weight impact loading-effects of nose-shape of steel weight.” Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Concrete Under Severe Conditions, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, 660–667.
Li, Q. M., and Chen, X. W. (2003). “Dimensionless formulae for penetration depth of concrete target impacted by a non-deformable projectile.” Int. J. Impact Eng., 28, 93–116.
Limberger, E., Brandes, K., and Herter, J. (1982). “Influence of mechanical properties of reinforcing steel on the ductility of reinforced concrete beams with respect to high strain rates.” Proc., RILEM/CEB/IABSE/IASS Interassociation Symp. on Concrete Structures under Impact and Impulsive Loading, BAM, Berlin, 134–145.
Mattock, A. H. (1967). “Discussion of ‘rotational capacity of reinforced concrete beams.’” J. Struct. Div., 93(ST2), 519–522.
Miyamoto, A., King, M. W., and Fujii, M. (1991). “Analysis of failure modes for reinforced concrete slabs under impulsive loads.” ACI Struct. J., 88(5), 538–545.
Pillai, S. U., Kirk, D. W., and Erki, M. A. (1999). Reinforced concrete design, 3rd Ed., McGraw-Hill Ryerson, Toronto.
Ross, C. A., Thompson, P. Y., and Tedesco, J. W. (1989). “Split-Hopkinson pressure-bar tests on concrete and mortar in tension and compression.” ACI Mater. J., 86(5), 475–481.
Suzuki, S., Katsuki, S., Ishikawa, N., Ishikawa, Y., and Furukawa, K. (1996). “A fundamental study on local dissipated energy and rheology model at impact point of concrete specimen by the pendulum impact test.” Journal of Structural Mechanics and Earthquake Engineering, 36(543), 91–105 (in Japanese).
Timoshenko, S. P., and Goodier, J. N. (1984). Theory of elasticity, 3rd Ed., McGraw-Hill Int., Singapore.
Uebayashi, K., Fujikake, K., Ohno, T., Mizuno, J., and Suzuki, A. (2001). “Stress-strain model with dynamic strain softening behaviors for concrete materials under triaxial compressive stress states.” Journal of Materials, Concrete Structures and Pavements, 50(669), 135–148 (in Japanese).
U.K. Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA). (1990). Guidelines for the Design and Assessment of Concrete Structures Subjected to Impact, SRD, Cheshire.
Yamamoto, M., Masuya, H., and Nishimura, Y. (2003). “A study on the impact test method and characteristics of impact behavior of various reinforced concrete beams.” Proc., 1st Int. Con. on Design and Analysis of Protective Structure against Impact/Impulsive/Shock Loads, DAPSIL, Tokyo, 245–255.
Zhang, M. H., Shim, V. P. W., Lu, G., and Chew, C. W. (2005). “Resistance of high-strength concrete to projectile impact.” Int. J. Impact Eng., 31, 825–841.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2009 ASCE.
History
Received: Jun 29, 2008
Accepted: Mar 4, 2009
Published online: Jul 15, 2009
Published in print: Aug 2009
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.