Production of Environmentally Friendly Concrete Incorporating Bauxite Residue and Silica Fume
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 34, Issue 2
Abstract
Toward a sustainable approach, concrete consumption is confronted with new challenges to developing and implementing cleaner technology. Concrete production is associated with excessive use of natural resources along with environmental pollution, which can be partially addressed through cement replacement with industrial waste. Red mud (RM), a toxic by-product of alumina refineries, is a potential supplementary cementitious material that has attracted researchers’ attention in the last years. In this study, 10 mixes were prepared and tested to investigate the simultaneous application of RM (10%, 15%, and 20%) and silica fume (SF) (5% and 7.5%) as cement replacement on concrete properties. The properties of fresh and hardened concrete and its durability were investigated. Overall, the mechanical performance of mixes decreased by increasing RM incorporation, whereas the simultaneous application of 20% RM and 5% SF as cement replacement yielded the same compressive strength as the reference. Furthermore, an evaluation of global warming potential and used water as environmental impacts in addition to a simplified cost analysis was performed on all mixes. Overall, the mix made with 10% RM and 7.5% SF achieved the highest consolidated performance score.
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Data Availability Statement
All the data supporting the findings of this study and the properties of materials used to complete the experiments are available within the article.
Acknowledgments
The support from the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad is gratefully acknowledged. Hadigheh would like to acknowledge the support received through the Australian Research Council’s Discovery Early Career Researcher Award (DECRA) fellowship scheme (Project DE200100406). The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support of the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology and the CERIS Research Institute, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa.
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Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 34 • Issue 2 • February 2022
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© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Nov 3, 2020
Accepted: Jun 4, 2021
Published online: Nov 19, 2021
Published in print: Feb 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Apr 19, 2022
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