Technical Papers
Jul 30, 2021

Strength and Durability Properties of Treated Recycled Aggregate Concrete by Soaking and Mechanical Grinding Method: Influence of Processing Technique

Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 33, Issue 10

Abstract

The use of recycled aggregate (RA) generated from construction and demolition (C&D) waste to produce new concrete would minimize the need for the use of natural aggregate (NA). The authors propose a new hybrid method in the present work by combining presoaking in mild acetic acid followed by mechanical grinding to produce high-quality RA. A total of six different types of treated recycled aggregates (TRAs) [i.e., TRA (0 min), TRA (3 min), TRA (5 min), TRA (7 min), TRA (10 min), and TRA (12 min)] were used to replace NA in an M40 grade control mix to study the influence of TRAs. In this study, various percentages (i.e., 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) of TRAs were used to replace NA in each concrete mix. Experiments were performed to investigate the workability, strength, and durability properties of concrete made with TRAs. Typically, at a 50% replacement level of NA with TRA (7 min), the compressive strength reduced by 7.58%, and the rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT) value increased by 23.74% compared with the control mix. A 50% replacement level of NA with TRA (7 min) is suggested for structural concrete. Based on the present study, 72 h of soaking in mild acetic acid, followed by 7 min of the rotation time, are recommended as an optimum treatment for producing high-quality TRA.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Data Availability Statement

Some or all data, models, or codes that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge Jaypee University of Engineering and Technology, Guna, India, for carrying out this research in their institution.

References

Abbas, A., G. Fathifazl, O. Burkan Isgor, A. G. Razaqpur, B. Fournier, and S. Foo. 2007. “Proposed method for determining the residual mortar content of recycled concrete aggregates.” J. ASTM Int. 5 (1): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1520/JAI101087.
Akbarnezhad, A., K. C. G. Ong, M. H. Zhang, C. T. Tam, and T. W. J. Foo. 2011. “Microwave-assisted beneficiation of recycled concrete aggregates.” Constr. Build. Mater. 25 (8): 3469–3479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.03.038.
Al-Bayati, H. K. A., P. K. Das, S. L. Tighe, and H. Baaj. 2016. “Evaluation of various treatment methods for enhancing the physical and morphological properties of coarse recycled concrete aggregate.” Constr. Build. Mater. 112 (Jun): 284–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.176.
Ann, K. Y., H. Y. Moon, Y. B. Kim, and J. Ryou. 2008. “Durability of recycled aggregate concrete using pozzolanic materials.” Waste Manage. 28 (6): 993–999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.03.003.
ASTM. 2004. Standard test method for measurement of rate of absorption of water by hydrauliccement concretes. ASTM C1585-04. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2012. Standard test method for electrical indication of concrete’s ability to resist chloride ion penetration. ASTM C1202-12. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Babu, V. S., A. K. Mullick, K. K. Jain, and P. K. Singh. 2014a. “Mechanical properties of high strength concrete with recycled aggregate-influence of processing.” Indian Concr. J. 88 (5): 10–26.
Babu, V. S., A. K. Mullick, K. K. Jain, and P. K. Singh. 2014b. “Mechanical properties of high strength concrete with processed recycled aggregate—Influence of mixing techniques.” Indian Concr. J. 88 (10): 42–56.
Babu, V. S., A. K. Mullick, K. K. Jain, and P. K. Singh. 2014c. “Strength and durability characteristics of high-strength concrete with recycled aggregate-influence of processing.” J. Sustainable Cem. Based Mater. 4 (1): 54–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2014.976777.
Bai, G., C. Zhu, C. Liu, and B. Liu. 2020. “An evaluation of the recycled aggregate characteristics and the recycled aggregate concrete mechanical properties.” Constr. Build. Mater. 240 (Apr): 117978. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117978.
Behera, M., S. K. Bhattacharyya, A. K. Minocha, R. Deoliya, and S. Maiti. 2014. “Recycled aggregate from C&D waste & its use in concrete—A breakthrough towards sustainability in construction sector: A review.” Constr. Build. Mater. 68 (Oct): 501–516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.07.003.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 1991. Indian standard portland-pozzolana cement specification part-1 fly ash based, third revision. BIS 1489 (part-1)-1991. New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 1983. Testing concrete method for determination of water absorption. BIS 1881-122:1983. New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 1997a. Indian standard method of test for abrasion resistance of concrete. BIS 9284-1997. New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 1997b. Indian standard methods of test for aggregates for concrete (Part-I to Part-VIII). BIS 2386-1997. New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 1997c. Methods of test for autoclaved cellular concrete products. BIS 6441-1997(Part-I). New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 1999a. Indian standard concrete admixtures–specifications. BIS 9103-1999. New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 1999b. Indian standard methods of sampling and analysis of concrete. BIS 1199-1999. New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 1999c. Indian standerds for Splitting tensile strength of concrete- method of test. BIS 5816:1999. New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 1999d. Indian standard methods of tests for strength of concrete. BIS 516-1999. New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 2000. Indian standard plain and reinforced concrete-code of practice. BIS 456-2000. New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 2003. Indian standard specification for silica fume. BIS 15388-2003. New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 2009. Indian standard specificat for concrete mix proportioning guidelines. BIS 10262-2019. New Delhi, India: BIS.
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). 2016. Indian standard specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete. BIS 383-2016. New Delhi, India: BIS.
Bostanci, S. C. 2020. “Use of waste marble dust and recycled glass for sustainable concrete production.” J. Cleaner Prod. 251 (Apr): 119785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119785.
CCANZ. 2011. In Vol. 14 of Best practice guide for the use of recycled aggregates in new concrete recycled aggregates in new concrete production. Wellington, New Zealand: Cement & Concrete Association of New Zealand.
Chakradhara Rao, M., S. K. Bhattacharyya, and S. V. Barai. 2011. “Influence of field recycled coarse aggregate on properties of concrete.” Mater. Struct. Mater. et Constr. 44 (1): 205–220. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-010-9620-x.
de Brito, J. 2010. “Abrasion resistance of concrete made with recycled aggregates.” Int. J. Sustainable Eng. 3 (1): 58–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/19397030903254710.
Despotovic, I. n.d. “The improvement of recycled concrete aggregate-a review paper. In Proc., 4th Int. Conf. on Contemporary Achievements in Civil Engineering, 443–454. Novi Sad, Serbia: Univ. of Novi Sad.
Dimitriou, G., P. Savva, and M. F. Petrou. 2018. “Enhancing mechanical and durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 158 (Jan): 228–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.137.
Erdoǧdu, Ş. 2005. “Effect of retempering with superplasticizer admixtures on slump loss and compressive strength of concrete subjected to prolonged mixing.” Cem. Concr. Res. 35 (5): 907–912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.08.020.
Evangelista, L., and J. de Brito. 2010. “Durability performance of concrete made with fine recycled concrete aggregates.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 32 (1): 9–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.09.005.
Evangelista, L., and J. De Brito. 2014. “Concrete with fine recycled aggregates: A review.” Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. 18 (2): 129–172. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2013.851038.
Fan, Y., J. Xiao, and V. W. Y. Tam. 2014. “Effect of old attached mortar on the creep of recycled aggregate concrete.” Struct. Concr. 15 (2): 169–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201300055.
Gao, D., and L. Zhang. 2018. “Flexural performance and evaluation method of steel fiber reinforced recycled coarse aggregate concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 159 (Jan): 126–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.10.073.
Gao, D., L. Zhang, and M. Nokken. 2017. “Mechanical behavior of recycled coarse aggregate concrete reinforced with steel fibers under direct shear.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 79 (May): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.01.006.
Gao, D., L. Zhang, M. Nokken, and J. Zhao. 2019. “Mixture proportion design method of steel fiber reinforced recycled coarse aggregate concrete.” Materials (Basel) 12 (3): 375. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12030375.
Guo, Z., C. Chen, D. E. Lehman, W. Xiao, S. Zheng, and B. Fan. 2020. “Mechanical and durability behaviours of concrete made with recycled coarse and fine aggregates.” Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. 24 (2): 171–189. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2017.1371083.
Hanif, A., Y. Kim, Z. Lu, and C. Park. 2017. “Early-age behavior of recycled aggregate concrete under steam curing regime.” J. Cleaner Prod. 152 (May): 103–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.107.
Ismail, S., and M. Ramli. 2013. “Engineering properties of treated recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) for structural applications.” Constr. Build. Mater. 44 (Jul): 464–476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.03.014.
Ismail, S., and M. Ramli. 2014. “Mechanical strength and drying shrinkage properties of concrete containing treated coarse recycled concrete aggregates.” Constr. Build. Mater. 68 (Oct): 726–739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.06.058.
Kachouh, N., H. El-Hassan, and T. El-Maaddawy. 2020. “Influence of steel fibers on the flexural performance of concrete incorporating recycled concrete aggregates and dune sand.” J. Sustainable Cem. Based Mater. 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2020.1809546.
Kang, M., and L. Weibin. 2018. “Effect of the aggregate size on strength properties of recycled aggregate concrete.” Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2428576.
Kannan, S., K. Arunachalam, and D. Brindha. 2021. “Performance analysis of recycled aggregate concrete with chemical admixture.” Supplement, Struct. Concr. 22 (S1): E8–E21. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201900380.
Kapoor, K., and A. U. R. Bohroo. 2019. “Study on the influence of attached mortar content on the properties of recycled concrete aggregate.” In Vol. 30 of Lecture notes in civil engineering, edited by A. Agnihotri, K. Reddy, and A. Bansal, 337–347. Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6717-5_33.
Katz, A. 2004. “Treatments for the improvement of recycled aggregate.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 16 (6): 597–603. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2004)16:6(597).
Kazemian, F., H. Rooholamini, and A. Hassani. 2019. “Mechanical and fracture properties of concrete containing treated and untreated recycled concrete aggregates.” Constr. Build. Mater. 209 (Jun): 690–700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.179.
Khoshkenari, A. G., P. Shafigh, M. Moghimi, and H. Bin Mahmud. 2014. “The role of 0-2mm fine recycled concrete aggregate on the compressive and splitting tensile strengths of recycled concrete aggregate concrete.” Mater. Des. 64 (Dec): 345–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.07.048.
Kim, H. S., B. Kim, K. S. Kim, and J. M. Kim. 2017. “Quality improvement of recycled aggregates using the acid treatment method and the strength characteristics of the resulting mortar.” J. Mater. Cycles Waste Manage. 19 (2): 968–976. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-016-0497-9.
Kim, J. H., J. H. Sung, C. S. Jeon, S. H. Lee, and H. S. Kim. 2019. “A study on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete and its production facilities.” Appl. Sci. 9 (9): 1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091935.
Kisku, N., H. Joshi, M. Ansari, S. K. Panda, S. Nayak, and S. C. Dutta. 2017. “A critical review and assessment for usage of recycled aggregate as sustainable construction material.” Constr. Build. Mater. 131 (Jan): 721–740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.11.029.
Kılınççeker, G., and C. Menekşe. 2015. “The effect of acetate ions on the corrosion of reinforcing steel in chloride environments.” Prot. Met. Phys. Chem. 51 (4): 659–666. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070205115040176.
Kou, S. C., and C. S. Poon. 2012. “Enhancing the durability properties of concrete prepared with coarse recycled aggregate.” Constr. Build. Mater. 35 (Oct): 69–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.032.
Kou, S. C., C. S. Poon, and F. Agrela. 2011a. “Comparisons of natural and recycled aggregate concretes prepared with the addition of different mineral admixtures.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 33 (8): 788–795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2011.05.009.
Kou, S. C., C. S. Poon, and M. Etxeberria. 2011b. “Influence of recycled aggregates on long term mechanical properties and pore size distribution of concrete.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 33 (2): 286–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.10.003.
Kou, S. C., B. J. Zhan, and C. S. Poon. 2012. “Feasibility study of using recycled fresh concrete waste as coarse aggregates in concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 28 (1): 549–556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.08.027.
Koushkbaghi, M., M. J. Kazemi, H. Mosavi, and E. Mohseni. 2019. “Acid resistance and durability properties of steel fiber-reinforced concrete incorporating rice husk ash and recycled aggregate.” Constr. Build. Mater. 202 (Mar): 266–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.224.
Leite, F. D. C., R. D. S. Motta, K. L. Vasconcelos, and L. Bernucci. 2011. “Laboratory evaluation of recycled construction and demolition waste for pavements.” Constr. Build. Mater. 25 (6): 2972–2979. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.11.105.
Leite, M. B., and P. J. M. Monteiro. 2016. “Microstructural analysis of recycled concrete using X-ray microtomography.” Cem. Concr. Res. 81 (Mar): 38–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2015.11.010.
Li, W., J. Xiao, Z. Sun, S. Kawashima, and S. P. Shah. 2012. “Interfacial transition zones in recycled aggregate concrete with different mixing approaches.” Constr. Build. Mater. 35 (Oct): 1045–1055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.022.
Limbachiya, M. C., T. Leelawat, and R. K. Dhir. 2000. “Use of recycled concrete aggregate in high-strength concrete.” Mater. Struct./Mater. et Constr. 33 (9): 574–580. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02480538.
Limbachiya, M., M. S. Meddah, and Y. Ouchagour. 2012. “Use of recycled concrete aggregate in fly-ash concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 27 (1): 439–449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.07.023.
Mehdipour, I., M. S. Razzaghi, K. Amini, and M. Shekarchi. 2013. “Effect of mineral admixtures on fluidity and stability of self-consolidating mortar subjected to prolonged mixing time.” Constr. Build. Mater. 40 (Mar): 1029–1037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.11.108.
Mehta, P. K., and H. Meryman. 2009. “Tools for reducing carbon emissions due to cement consumption.” Struct. Mag. 1 (1): 11–15.
Messari-Becker, L., A. Mettke, F. Knappe, U. Storck, K. Bollinger, and M. Grohmann. 2014. “Recycling concrete in practice—A chance for sustainable resource management.” Struct. Concr. 15 (4): 556–562. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201400010.
Mukharjee, B. B., and S. V. Barai. 2017. “Mechanical and microstructural characterization of recycled aggregate concrete containing silica nanoparticles.” J. Sustainable Cem. Based Mater. 6 (1): 37–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2016.1230899.
Nehdi, M., M. Pardhan, and S. Koshowski. 2004. “Durability of self-consolidating concrete incorporating high-volume replacement composite cements.” Cem. Concr. Res. 34 (11): 2103–2112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.03.018.
Neville, A. M. 2011. Concrete technology. 2nd ed. New delhi, India: Pearson.
Nitesh, K. J. N. S., S. V. Rao, and P. R. Kumar. 2019. “An experimental investigation on torsional behaviour of recycled aggregate based steel fiber reinforced self compacting concrete.” J. Build. Eng. 22 (Mar): 242–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2018.12.011.
Ogawa, H., and T. Nawa. 2012. “Improving the quality of recycled fine aggregate by selective removal of brittle defects.” J. Adv. Concr. Technol. 10 (12): 395–410. https://doi.org/10.3151/jact.10.395.
Otsuki, N., S. Miyazato, and W. Yodsudjai. 2003. “Influence of recycled aggregate on interfacial transition zone, strength, chloride penetration and carbonation of concrete.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 15 (5): 443–451. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2003)15:5(443).
Pandurangan, K., A. Dayanithy, and S. Om Prakash. 2016. “Influence of treatment methods on the bond strength of recycled aggregate concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 120 (Sep): 212–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.093.
Pawluczuk, E., K. Kalinowska-Wichrowska, M. Bołtryk, J. R. Jiménez, and J. M. Fernández. 2019. “The influence of heat and mechanical treatment of concrete rubble on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete.” Materials (Basel) 12 (3): 367. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12030367.
Pedro, D., J. de Brito, and L. Evangelista. 2017. “Evaluation of high-performance concrete with recycled aggregates: Use of densified silica fume as cement replacement.” Constr. Build. Mater. 147 (Aug): 803–814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.007.
Pedro, D., J. de Brito, and L. Evangelista. 2018. “Durability performance of high-performance concrete made with recycled aggregates, fly ash and densified silica fume.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 93 (Oct): 63–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.07.002.
Poon, C. S., Z. H. Shui, and L. Lam. 2004. “Effect of microstructure of ITZ on compressive strength of concrete prepared with recycled aggregates.” Constr. Build. Mater. 18 (6): 461–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.03.005.
Ramirez-Meneses, E., M. A Dominguez-Crespo, and A. M Torres-Huerta. 2012. “Stabilized metal nanoparticles from organometallic precursors for low temperature fuel cells.” Recent Patents Nanotechnol. 7 (1): 13–25. https://doi.org/10.2174/1872210511307010013.
Sabir, B. B., S. Wild, and M. O’Farrell. 1998. “A water sorptivity test for mortar and concrete.” Mater. Struct. Mater. et Constr. 31 (8): 568–574. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02481540.
Said, A. M., M. S. Zeidan, M. T. Bassuoni, and Y. Tian. 2012. “Properties of concrete incorporating nano-silica.” Constr. Build. Mater. 36 (Nov): 838–844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.044.
Saravanakumar, P., K. Abhiram, and B. Manoj. 2016. “Properties of treated recycled aggregates and its influence on concrete strength characteristics.” Constr. Build. Mater. 111 (May): 611–617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.064.
Sargam, Y., B. Melugiri Shankaramurthy, and K. Wang. 2020. “Characterization of RCAs and their concrete using simple test methods.” J. Sustainable Cem. Based Mater. 9 (2): 61–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2019.1692093.
Sasanipour, H., F. Aslani, and J. Taherinezhad. 2019. “Effect of silica fume on durability of self-compacting concrete made with waste recycled concrete aggregates.” Constr. Build. Mater. 227 (Dec): 116598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.324.
Shaikh, F., V. Chavda, N. Minhaj, and H. S. Arel. 2018. “Effect of mixing methods of nano silica on properties of recycled aggregate concrete.” Struct. Concr. 19 (2): 387–399. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201700091.
Shaikh, F. U. A. 2016. “Effect of ultrafine fly ash on the properties of concretes containing construction and demolition wastes as coarse aggregates.” Struct. Concr. 17 (1): 116–122. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201500030.
Shaikh, F. U. A., and H. L. Nguyen. 2013. “Properties of concrete containing recycled construction and demolition wastes as coarse aggregates.” J. Sustainable Cem. Based Mater. 2 (3–4): 204–217. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2013.833861.
Shen, D.-H., and J.-C. Du. 2005. “Application of gray relational analysis to evaluate HMA with reclaimed building materials.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 17 (4): 400–406. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2005)17:4(400).
Shi, C., Y. Li, J. Zhang, W. Li, L. Chong, and Z. Xie. 2016. “Performance enhancement of recycled concrete aggregate—A review.” J. Cleaner Prod. 112 (Jan): 466–472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.08.057.
Silva, R. V., J. De Brito, and R. K. Dhir. 2015. “The influence of the use of recycled aggregates on the compressive strength of concrete: A review.” Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. 19 (7): 825–849. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2014.974831.
Singh, M., K. Choudhary, A. Srivastava, K. Singh Sangwan, and D. Bhunia. 2017. “A study on environmental and economic impacts of using waste marble powder in concrete.” J. Build. Eng. 13 (Sep): 87–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2017.07.009.
Spaeth, V., and A. Djerbi Tegguer. 2013. “Improvement of recycled concrete aggregate properties by polymer treatments.” Int. J. Sustainable Built Environ. 2 (2): 143–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsbe.2014.03.003.
Sugawara, E., and H. Nikaido. 2014. “Properties of AdeABC and AdeIJK efflux systems of Acinetobacter baumannii compared with those of the AcrAB-TolC system of Escherichia coli.” Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 58 (12): 7250–7257. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.03728-14.
Tam, V. W. Y., X. F. Gao, and C. M. Tam. 2005. “Microstructural analysis of recycled aggregate concrete produced from two-stage mixing approach.” Cem. Concr. Res. 35 (6): 1195–1203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.10.025.
Tam, V. W. Y., X. F. Gao, C. M. Tam, and C. H. Chan. 2008a. “New approach in measuring water absorption of recycled aggregates.” Constr. Build. Mater. 22 (3): 364–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.08.009.
Tam, V. W. Y., and C. M. Tam. 2007. “Assessment of durability of recycled aggregate concrete produced by two-stage mixing approach.” J. Mater. Sci. 42 (10): 3592–3602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0379-y.
Tam, V. W. Y., and C. M. Tam. 2008. “Diversifying two-stage mixing approach (TSMA) for recycled aggregate concrete: TSMAs and TSMAsc.” Constr. Build. Mater. 22 (10): 2068–2077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.07.024.
Tam, V. W. Y., C. M. Tam, and K. N. Le. 2007. “Removal of cement mortar remains from recycled aggregate using pre-soaking approaches.” Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 50 (1): 82–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2006.05.012.
Tam, V. W. Y., K. Wang, and C. M. Tam. 2008b. “Assessing relationships among properties of demolished concrete, recycled aggregate and recycled aggregate concrete using regression analysis.” J. Hazard. Mater. 152 (2): 703–714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.061.
Verian, K. P., W. Ashraf, and Y. Cao. 2018. “Properties of recycled concrete aggregate and their influence in new concrete production.” Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 133 (Jun): 30–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.02.005.
Verma, A., V. Sarath Babu, and S. Arunachalam. 2020. “Influence of mixing approaches on strength and durability properties of treated recycled aggregate concrete.” Supplement, Struct. Concr. 22 (S1): 121–142. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.202000221.
Wang, J., J. Zhang, D. Cao, H. Dang, and B. Ding. 2020a. “Comparison of recycled aggregate treatment methods on the performance for recycled concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 234 (Feb): 117366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117366.
Wang, L., J. Wang, X. Qian, P. Chen, Y. Xu, and J. Guo. 2017. “An environmentally friendly method to improve the quality of recycled concrete aggregates.” Constr. Build. Mater. 144 (Jul): 432–441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.191.
Wang, Q., Y. Zhang, Y. Fang, Y. Zhang, and F. Wu. 2020b. “Prediction of the mechanical behavior of recycled concrete with fresh concrete waste aggregate.” Struct. Concr. 21 (2): 761–771. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201900115.
Xiao, J., W. Li, Z. Sun, D. A. Lange, and S. P. Shah. 2013. “Properties of interfacial transition zones in recycled aggregate concrete tested by nanoindentation.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 37 (1): 276–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2013.01.006.
Xuan, D., B. Zhan, and C. S. Poon. 2017. “Durability of recycled aggregate concrete prepared with carbonated recycled concrete aggregates.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 84 (Nov): 214–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.09.015.
Ying, J., Q. Meng, and J. Xiao. 2017. “Effect of CO2-modified recycled aggregate on compressive strength of concrete.” J. Build. Mater. 20 (2): 277–282. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1007-9629.2017.02.021.
Zega, C. J., and A. A. Di Maio. 2009. “Recycled concrete made with different natural coarse aggregates exposed to high temperature.” Constr. Build. Mater. 23 (5): 2047–2052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.08.017.
Zhang, H., Y. Wang, D. E. Lehman, Y. Geng, and K. Kuder. 2020. “Time-dependent drying shrinkage model for concrete with coarse and fine recycled aggregate.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 105 (Jan): 103426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2019.103426.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 33Issue 10October 2021

History

Received: Sep 19, 2020
Accepted: Feb 25, 2021
Published online: Jul 30, 2021
Published in print: Oct 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Dec 30, 2021

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Jaypee Univ. of Engineering and Technology, A-B Rd., Raghogarh, District Guna, Madhya Pradesh 473226, India (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3805-2506. Email: [email protected]
Velaga Sarath Babu [email protected]
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Jaypee Univ. of Engineering and Technology, A-B Rd., Raghogarh, District Guna, Madhya Pradesh 473226, India. Email: [email protected]
Arunachalam Srinivasan [email protected]
Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Jaypee Univ. of Engineering and Technology, A-B Rd., Raghogarh, District Guna, Madhya Pradesh 473226, India. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

  • Strength and Durability Performance of Recycled Aggregate Structural Concrete with Silica Fume, Furnace Slag, and M-Fine, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-17547, 36, 7, (2024).
  • Performance-Based Quality Optimization Approach for Mechanically Treated Recycled Concrete Aggregates, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-15284, 35, 9, (2023).
  • The Effect of Waste Clay Brick Content on Performance of Cement-Stabilized Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Pavement Base and Subbase Applications, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-14807, 35, 6, (2023).
  • Effective Utilization of Chopped Basalt Fiber and Pozzolana Slurry TRCA for Sustainable Recycled Structural Concrete with Improved Fire Resistance, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0004613, 35, 3, (2023).
  • Performance evaluation of concrete made with double-processed recycled aggregate (DPRA): mechanical grinding and silica fume impregnation technique, Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 10.1007/s10163-023-01592-0, 25, 2, (1050-1068), (2023).
  • Mechanical Properties of Recycled Concrete Reinforced by Basalt Fiber and Nano-silica, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 10.1007/s12205-022-0729-6, 26, 8, (3471-3485), (2022).

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share