Exploration of Factors Reducing the Effect of Heating/Cooling Cycles on the Gas Permeability of a Mortar
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 31, Issue 11
Abstract
Cement-based materials used as a sealing layer in compressed air energy storage (CAES) underground storage caverns have high requirements for gas permeability and resistance to thermal stress. This experimental study investigated factors reducing the initial gas permeability and the effect of thermal cycles on the gas permeability of mortar samples. The incorporation of silica fume, curing age of mortar samples, and confining pressure applied in the experiment were considered. Results of measurements of the real-time gas permeability of the mortar samples show that the gas permeability of mortar samples can be drastically reduced by replacing part of the cement with silica fume. After the samples were subjected to multiple heating–cooling cycles, gas permeability increased from the initial state. Extending the curing age and increasing the confining pressure improved the thermal stability of the mortar sample and reduced the effect of heating/cooling cycles on gas permeability.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers are grateful to the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the State Key Laboratory of Geo-Hazard Prevention and Geo-Environment Protection (Grant No. SKLGP2016K019), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41472249), and the International Exchange Program for Graduate Students, Tongji University (Program 2018020015) for their financial support.
References
Allen, R. D., T. J. Doherty, and L. D. Kannberg. 1985. Summary of selected compressed air energy storage studies. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest Labs.
Bhanja, S., and B. Sengupta. 2005. “Influence of silica fume on the tensile strength of concrete.” Cem. Concr. Res. 35 (4): 743–747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.05.024.
Budt, M., D. Wolf, R. Span, and J. Yan. 2016. “A review on compressed air energy storage: Basic principles, past milestones and recent developments.” Appl. Energy 170 (May): 250–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.108.
Care, S. 2008. “Effect of temperature on porosity and on chloride diffusion in cement pastes.” Constr. Build. Mater. 22 (7): 1560–1573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.03.018.
Care, S., and F. Derkx. 2011. “Determination of relevant parameters influencing gas permeability of mortars.” Constr. Build. Mater. 25 (3): 1248–1256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.09.028.
Cartagena-Pérez, D. F., J. A. Arias-Buitrago, G. A. Alzate-Espinosa, A. Arbelaez-Londoño, C. B. Morales-Monsalve, E. F. Araujo-Guerrero, and A. Naranjo-Agudelo. 2018. “A modified model to describe porosity-temperature relationship.” J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 168 (Sep): 301–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.04.067.
Chen, X. T., C. A. Davy, F. Skoczylas, and J. F. Shao. 2009. “Effect of heat-treatment and hydrostatic loading upon the poro-elastic properties of a mortar.” Cem. Concr. Res. 39 (3): 195–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2008.12.001.
Crotogino, F., K. U. Mohmeyer, and R. Scharf. 2001. “Huntorf CAES: More than 20 years of successful operation.” In Proc., Solution Mining Research Institute Meeting. Clarks Summit, PA: Solution Mining Research Institute.
Ding, Q. L., F. Ju, S. B. Song, B. Y. Yu, and D. Ma. 2016. “An experimental study of fractured sandstone permeability after high-temperature treatment under different confining pressures.” J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 34 (Aug): 55–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.06.034.
Güneyisi, E., M. Gesoğlu, S. Karaoğlu, and K. Mermerdaş. 2012. “Strength, permeability and shrinkage cracking of silica fume and metakaolin concretes.” Constr. Build. Mater. 34 (34): 120–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.017.
Guo, C., L. Pan, K. Zhang, C. M. Oldenburg, C. Li, and Y. Li. 2016. “Comparison of compressed air energy storage process in aquifers and caverns based on the Huntorf CAES plant.” Appl. Energy 181 (Nov): 342–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.105.
Khan, M. I., and Y. M. Abbas. 2017. “Curing optimization for strength and durability of silica fume and fuel ash concretes under hot weather conditions.” Constr. Build. Mater. 157 (Dec): 1092–1105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.173.
Klinkenberg, L. J. 1941. “The permeability of porous media to liquids and gases.” SOCAR Proc. 2 (2): 200–213. https://doi.org/10.5510/OGP20120200114.
Kushnir, R., A. Dayan, and A. Ullmann. 2012a. “Temperature and pressure variations within compressed air energy storage caverns.” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 55 (21–22): 5616–5630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.05.055.
Kushnir, R., A. Ullmann, and A. Dayan. 2012b. “Thermodynamic and hydrodynamic response of compressed air energy storage reservoirs: A review.” Rev. Chem. Eng. 28 (2–3): 123–148. https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2012-0006.
Larbi, J. A. 1993. “Microstructure of the interfacial zone around aggregate particles in concrete.” Heron 38 (1): 5–69.
Lin, Z., W. Xu, W. Wang, J. Zhang, H. Wang, and R. Wang. 2016. “Experimental study on hydraulic and macro-mechanical property of a mortar under heating and cooling treatment.” J. Adv. Concr. Technol. 14 (5): 261–270. https://doi.org/10.3151/jact.14.261.
Liu, G., H. Xue, F. Chen, and G. Zhang. 1996. “Experimental studies on the thermal fracture toughness of concrete and mortar in early ages.” [In Chinese.] J. Tsinghua Univ. 36: 95–101. https://doi.org/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.1996.01.016.
Ministry of Construction of China. 2009. Standard for test method of performance on building mortar. JGJ/T70. Beijing: State Standard of the People’s Republic of China.
Pedro, D., J. D. Brito, and L. Evangelista. 2017. “Evaluation of high-performance concrete with recycled aggregates: Use of densified silica fume as cement replacement.” Constr. Build. Mater. 147 (Aug): 803–814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.007.
Pei, Y., F. Agostini, and F. Skoczylas. 2017. “The effects of high temperature heating on the gas permeability and porosity of a cementitious material.” Cem. Concr. Res. 95 (May): 141–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.01.003.
Poon, C. S., S. C. Kou, and L. Lam. 2006. “Compressive strength, chloride diffusivity and pore structure of high performance metakaolin and silica fume concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 20 (10): 858–865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2005.07.001.
Ronne, M. 1989. “Effect of condensed silica fume and fly ash on compressive strength development of concrete.” ACI Spec. Publ. 114: 175–190.
Succar, S., and R. H. Williams. 2008. Compressed air energy storage: Theory, resources, and applications for wind power. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ.
Wu, K., H. Shi, L. Xu, G. Ye, and G. D. Schutter. 2016a. “Microstructural characterization of ITZ in blended cement concretes and its relation to transport properties.” Cem. Concr. Res. 79 (Jan): 243–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2015.09.018.
Wu, Z., C. Shi, and K. H. Khayat. 2016b. “Influence of silica fume content on microstructure development and bond to steel fiber in ultra-high strength cement-based materials (UHSC).” Cem. Concr. Compos. 71 (Aug): 97–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.05.005.
Ye, B., Z. Cheng, and X. Ni. 2018. “Effects of multiple heating-cooling cycles on the permeability and microstructure of a mortar.” Constr. Build. Mater. 176: 156–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.009.
Ye, B., Z. Cheng, W. Ye, and Y. Peng. 2019. “An analytical solution for analyzing the sealing-efficiency of compressed air energy storage caverns.” KSCE J. Civ. Eng. 23 (5): 2025–2035. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-019-0260-6.
Ye, B., W. Ye, F. Zhang, and L. Xu. 2015. “A new device for measuring the supercritical CO2 permeability in porous rocks under reservoir conditions.” Geotech. Test. J. 38 (3): 338–345. https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ20140139.
Zhao, H., W. Sun, X. Wu, and B. Gao. 2012. “Effect of initial water-curing period and curing condition on the properties of self-compacting concrete.” Mater. Des. 35 (Mar): 194–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.09.053.
Zhou, S. W., C. C. Xia, S. G. Du, P. Y. Zhang, and Y. Zhou. 2015. “An analytical solution for mechanical responses induced by temperature and air pressure in a lined rock cavern for underground compressed air energy storage.” Rock Mech. Rock Eng. 48 (2): 749–770. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-014-0570-4.
Zhou, Y., C. Xia, H. Zhao, S. Mei, and S. Zhou. 2018. “An iterative method for evaluating air leakage from unlined compressed air energy storage (CAES) caverns.” Renewable Energy 120 (May): 434–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.12.091.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 31 • Issue 11 • November 2019
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 24, 2018
Accepted: May 23, 2019
Published online: Aug 19, 2019
Published in print: Nov 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Jan 19, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.