Short- and Longer-Term Effects of Short-Term Aging on Asphalt Mixture Properties
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 30, Issue 3
Abstract
This paper uses information collected from a full-scale untrafficked test section originally constructed for an emergency paving demonstration to determine the short- and longer-term effects of short-term aging on mixture behaviors. Increased haul times (up to 10.5 h) were a primary consideration in the paving demonstration, and this paper discusses the effects of increasing haul time to levels well beyond typical cases. A series of mixture and extracted binder test results were used to characterize the effects of short-term aging on mixtures for up to 5 years after construction in a hot climate. Whereas other studies have reported data to support concern when mixtures are held at elevated temperatures for longer times during construction, haul time effects detected in this work were secondary to parameters which are already used for project acceptance in the southeast United States. Further, the authors suggest that increased short-term aging from hauling or silo storage may have limited effect on mixture performance in certain conditions, as was the case in most analysis phases of this experiment.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The Mississippi Department of Transportation (MDOT) funded Project 106526, State Study 266, and State Study 270. The Southeast Region Research Initiative (SERRI) through Oak Ridge National Laboratory funded the test section construction as part of Project 70015. APAC Mississippi, Inc. paved the test sections and supported the 5-year monitoring program. Multiple Mississippi State University students assisted this work, some of which were supported by the Ergon Asphalt & Emulsions Student Support Initiative in Construction Materials. Individuals deserving special thanks are Anna Baglan, Dr. Gaylon Baumgardner, Michael Bogue, Dwayne Boyd, Baxter Burns, Brittni Cooper, Dr. Codrin Daranga, Westin Graves, Mike Hemsley, Trey Jordan, Alex Middleton, Robert Moore, Catherine Sparks, Benjamin Thomas, and Ethan Whaley.
References
AASHTO. (2013). “Standard method of test for bulk specific gravity () and density of compacted hot mix asphalt (HMA) using automatic vacuum sealing method.” AASHTO T331-13, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2015). “Standard method of test for resistance to degradation of small-size coarse aggregate by abrasion and impact in the los angeles machine.” AASHTO T96-02, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2016a). “Standard method of test for determining the creep compliance and strength of hot mix asphalt (HMA) using the indirect tensile test device.” AASHTO T322-07, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2016b). “Standard method of test for determining the flexural creep stiffness of asphalt binder using the bending beam rheometer (BBR).” AASHTO T313-12, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2016c). “Standard method of test for determining the rheological properties of asphalt binder using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR).” AASHTO T315-12, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2016d). “Standard method of test for hamburg wheel-track testing of compacted hot mix asphalt (HMA).” AASHTO T324-16, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2016e). “Standard method of test for theoretical maximum specific gravity () and density of hot mix asphalt (HMA).” AASHTO T209-12, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2016f). “Standard practice for accelerated aging of asphalt binder using a pressurized aging vessel (PAV).” AASHTO R28-12, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2016g). “Standard specification for performance-graded asphalt binder.” AASHTO M320-16, Washington, DC.
Anderson, M., King, G., Hanson, D., and Blankenship, P. (2011). “Evaluation of the relationship between asphalt binder properties and non-load related cracking.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 80, 615–661.
Aschenbrener, T., and Far, N. (1994). “Short-term aging of hot mix asphalt.”, Colorado Dept. of Transportation, Denver.
ASTM. (2014). “Standard test method for effect of moisture on asphalt concrete paving mixtures.” ASTM D4867/D4867M-09, West Conshohocken, PA.
Bateman, J. H., and Lehmann, H. L. (1929). “The effect of the mixing temperature on the physical properties of an oil asphalt in a sheet asphalt mixture.” Proc., American Society of Testing and Materials, Vol. 27, ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA, 943–953.
Bell, C. A., AbWahab, Y., Cristi, M. E., and Sosnovske, D. (1994a). “Selection of laboratory aging procedures for asphalt-aggregate mixtures.”, Strategic Highway Research Program, Washington, DC.
Bell, C. A., and Sosnovske, D. (1994). “Aging: Binder validation.”, Strategic Highway Research Program, Washington, DC.
Bell, C. A., Weider, A. J., and Fellin, M. J. (1994b). “Laboratory aging of asphalt-aggregate mixtures: Field validation.”, Strategic Highway Research Program, Washington, DC.
Cox, B. C., Smith, B. T., Howard, I. L., and James, R. S. (2017). “State of knowledge for Cantabro testing of dense graded asphalt.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 04017174.
Doyle, J. D., and Howard, I. L. (2016). “Characterization of dense-graded asphalt with the Cantabro test.” J. Test. Eval., 44(1), 77–88.
Dukatz, E. L., Jr., and Phillips, R. S. (1987). “The effect of air voids on the tensile strength ratio (with discussion).” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 56, 517–554.
Gotolski, W. H. (1960). “High temperature effects on bituminous mixes.” J. Highway Div., 86(HW3), 1–27.
Gotolski, W. H., (1961). “Discussion of high temperature effects on bituminous mixes.” J. Highway Div., 87(HW1), 29–31.
Heithaus, J. J., and Johnson, R. W. (1958). “A microviscometer study of road asphalt hardening in the field and laboratory.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists Annual Meeting, Vol. 27, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Lino Lakes, MN, 17–34.
Howard, I. L., Baumgardner, G. L., Jordan, W. S., III, Menapace, A. M., Mogawer, W. S., and Hemsley, J. M. (2013). “Haul time effects on unmodified, foamed, and additive-modified binders used in hot-mix asphalt.” Transp. Res. Rec., 2347, 88–95.
Howard, I. L., Baumgardner, G. L., and Monismith, C. L. (2016). “Asphalt mix cracking state of the art: Materials, design, and testing.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 85, 777–805.
Howard, I. L., Payne, B. A., Bouge, M., Glusenkamp, S., Baumgardner, G. L., and Hemsley, J. M. (2012). “Full scale testing of hot-mixed warm-compacted asphalt for emergency paving.”, U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security, Washington, DC.
Huang, S., and Turner, T. F. (2014). “Aging characteristics of RAP blend binders: Rheological properties.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 966–973.
Jacques, C., et al. (2016). “Effect of silo storage time on characteristics of virgin and RAP asphalt mixtures.” Transp. Res. Rec., 2505, 115–120.
Kandhal, P. S., and Koehler, W. C. (1984). “Significant studies on asphalt durability: Pennsylvania experience.” Transp. Res. Rec., 999, 41–50.
Kari, J. W. (1982). “Effect of construction practices on the asphalt properties of the mix.” Proc., 27th Annual Conf. of the Canadian Technical Asphalt Association, Canadian Technical Asphalt Association, Victoria, BC, Canada, 310–334.
Lund, J. W., and Wilson, J. E. (1984). “Evaluation of asphalt aging in hot mix plants.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists Annual Meeting, Vol. 53, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Lino Lakes, MN, 1–18.
Lund, J. W., and Wilson, J. E. (1986). “Field validation of asphalt aging in hot mix plants.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists Annual Meeting, Vol. 55, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Lino Lakes, MN, 92–119.
Mallick, R. B., and Brown, E. R. (2004). “An evaluation of superpave binder aging methods.” J. Pavement Eng., 5(1), 9–18.
Mercado, E. A., Martin, A. E., Park, E. S., Spiegelman, C., and Glover, C. J. (2005). “Factors affecting binder properties between production and construction.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 89–98.
Molenaar, A., Hagos, E., and van de Ven, M. (2010). “Effect of aging on the mechanical characteristics of bituminous binders in PAC.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 779–787.
Moore, D. S., and McCabe, G. (2005). Introduction to the practice of statistics, W. H. Freeman, New York.
Page, G. C., Murphy, K. H., Ruth, B. E., and Roque, R. (1985). “Asphalt binder hardening–Causes and effects.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 54, 140–167.
Rowe, G. M. (2011). “Prepared discussion of evaluation of the relationship between asphalt binder properties and non-load related cracking.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 80, 649–662.
Rushing, J. F., Doyle, J. D., and Harrison, A. (2014). “Significance of non-load related distresses on airfield pavements: Review of 25 years of pavement management data.” Proc., ISAP 2014: 12th ISAP Conf. on Asphalt Pavements, International Society for Asphalt Pavements, Lino Lakes, MN.
Smith, B. T., Howard, I. L., and Moore, R. A. (2017a). “Columbus Mississippi field aging and laboratory conditioning study: Plant mixed and field compacted asphalt test sections.”, Vol. 2, Mississippi Dept. of Transportation, Jackson, MS.
Smith, B. T., Moore, R. A., and Howard, I. L. (2017b). “Density observations from a full-scale and untrafficked test section with guidance for dryback methods.” Transp. Res. Rec., 2630, 134–146.
Tarefder, R. A., and Yousefi, S. S. (2016). “Rheological examination of aging in polymer-modified asphalt.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 04015112.
Wright, P. H., and Paquette, R. J. (1966). “Hardening of asphalt in hot bituminous mixes during the hauling process.” Highway Res. Rec., 132, 11–28.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 30 • Issue 3 • March 2018
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 27, 2017
Accepted: Aug 23, 2017
Published online: Jan 4, 2018
Published in print: Mar 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Jun 4, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.