Viscoelastic Model and Stress Relaxation Evaluation of Pavement Crack Sealants at Low Temperature
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 29, Issue 9
Abstract
Sealants exist under conditions of great strain for extended periods in winter; their viscoelastic characteristics at low temperature can play a critical role in preventing adhesion failure. Two types of hot-poured sealants and two types of silicone sealants are selected for extension tests with reference to a standard bond test. Stress relaxation tests are conducted when a 50% strain is reached. The test data are fitted with extension and stress relaxation with a standard linear solid model to obtain a fitted extension–stress relaxation equation, which is used to obtain viscoelastic characteristic parameters of the model. The fitted result shows that the standard linear solid model can fit the viscoelastic performance at low sealant temperature. Two viscoelastic characteristic parameters of the maximum relaxation ratio and relaxation time can be used to evaluate the stress relaxation ability of different sealants, but the fitting process of the viscoelastic model is more complicated. Therefore a simple stress relaxation index is defined. Results of the evaluation with this index are consistent with results with the maximum relaxation ratio and relaxation time, which indicates that this index is applicable to the evaluation of stress relaxation of sealants and features better practicability and operability. The evaluation of the stress relaxation shows that the relaxation performance of hot-poured sealants at low temperature is better than that of silicon sealants. Therefore hot-poured sealants may be more applicable for use in areas with long-term low temperatures in winter.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This study was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51622805, 51378242, and 51508411), and the young scholar program of Tongji University (No. 2014KJ017). The authors are grateful for this financial support.
References
Al-Qadi, I. L., Dessouky, S., and Yang, S. H. (2010). “Linear viscoelastic modeling for hot-poured crack sealants at low temperature.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 996–1004.
Al-Qadi, I. L., and Fini, E. H. (2011). “Development of a crack sealant adhesion test (CSADT) specification for hot-poured bituminous sealants.” J. Test. Eval., 39(2), 1–7.
Al-Qadi, I. L., Fini, E. H., Elseifi, M. A., Masson, J. F., and McGhee, K. M. (2007a). “Development of a viscosity specification for hot-poured bituminous sealants.” J. Test. Eval., 35(4), 395–403.
Al-Qadi, I. L., Loulizi, A., Aref, S., Masson, J. F., and MeGhee, K. M. (2005). “Modification of bending beam rheometer specimen for low-temperature evaluation of bituminous crack sealants.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1933(11), 97–106.
Al-Qadi, I. L., Yang, S.-H., Dessouky, S., and Masson, J.-F. (2007b). “Development of crack sealant bending beam rheometer (CSBBR) testing to characterize hot-poured bituminous crack sealant at low temperature.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 76, 85–121.
Al-Qadi, I. L., Yang, S.-H., Dessouky, S., and Masson, J.-F. (2007c). “Low temperature characterization of hot-poured crack sealant using modified SHRP direct tensile tester.” Proc., Transportation Research Board, 86th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC.
ASTM. (2004). “Standard test methods for sealants and fillers, hot-applied, for joints and cracks in asphaltic and portland cement concrete pavements.” ASTM D5329-04, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2006). “Standard specification for joint and crack sealants, hot-applied, for concrete and asphalt pavements.” ASTM D6690-06a, West Conshohocken, PA.
Fini, E. H., and Al-Qadi, I. L. (2011). “Development of a pressurized blister test for interface characterization of aggregate highly polymerized bituminous materials.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 656–663.
Galehouse, L., King, H., Leach, D. R., Moulthrop, J., and Bill, B. (2005). “Preventive maintenance treatment performance at 14 years.” Transportation Research Board, 92st Annual Meeting Compendium.
Hu, X. D., Zhou, F. J., Hu, S., and Scullion, T. (2011). “A new laboratory evaluation method for the adhesive performance of crack sealants.” J. Test. Eval., 39(2), 1–7.
Li, F., Huang, S. C., Xu, J., and Qin, Y. C. (2009). “Performance evaluation and technical requirement of sealant and filler in asphalt pavement.” J. Traffic Transp. Eng., 9(2), 7–11.
Li, F., Zhou, Y., Li, T., Zeng, W., and Wang, X. (2015). “Experimental study and numerical simulation of tension and stress relaxation of hot-applied sealant for asphalt pavement.” Int. J. Pavement Res. Technol., 8(2), 131–141.
Liu, L. X. (2006). Viscoelastic mechanics and materials science principle of asphalt mixture, China Communications Press, Beijing.
Masson, J. F., Collins, P., and Légaré, P. P. (1999). “Performance of pavement crack sealants in cold urban conditions.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 26(4), 395–401.
Ministry of Transport. (2009). Rubber asphalt sealant and filler of pavement, China Communications Press, Beijing.
Soliman, H., and Shalaby, A. (2007). “Evaluation of joint and crack sealants based on cyclic loading and rheological properties.” Proc., 2007 Annual Conf. of the Transportation Association of Canada, Transportation Association of Canada, Ottawa.
Soliman, H., and Shalaby, A. (2009). “Characterizing the low-temperature performance of hot-pour bituminous sealants using glass transition temperature and dynamic stiffness modulus.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 688–693.
Soliman, H., Shalaby, A., and Kavanagh, L. (2008). “Performance evaluation of joint and crack sealants in cold climates using DSR and BBR tests.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 470–477.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 29 • Issue 9 • September 2017
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 4, 2016
Accepted: Feb 15, 2017
Published online: May 18, 2017
Published in print: Sep 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Oct 18, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.