Evaluation of the Effect of Accelerated Carbonation in Cement–Bagasse Panels after Cycles of Wetting and Drying
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 29, Issue 6
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the accelerated carbonation curing process as an alternative to preserve sugarcane particles and the physical–mechanical properties of cement–bagasse panels after accelerated aging tests consisting of 200 wetting and drying cycles. The cement–bagasse panels were produced with a nominal density of and subjected to two curing processes: (1) an initial 48-h cure in a controlled environment (temperature 60°C; 90% relative humidity) for 25 days, then in a saturated environment; and (2) an initial 48-h cure in a controlled environment (60°C; 90% relative humidity), followed by a carbonated cure (15% concentration) for 24 h and a further 24 days in a saturated environment. After 28 days of curing, the panels were subjected to accelerated aging tests. The results indicate that the accelerated carbonation preserved sugarcane bagasse, and carbonated panels had inferior physical properties and superior mechanical properties when compared to the noncarbonated version after accelerated aging tests, proving the efficiency of curing by accelerated carbonation as an alternative to the preservation of the physical–mechanical properties of cement–bagasse panels.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge Infibra Ltda, CNPq (National Research Council, Brazil) for financing the development of the work assigned to the Research Project [464532/2014-0] -FAIXA A- Initial Projects, and Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES, Brazil).
References
AFNOR (French Association of Standardization and Regulation). (1993). “Agricultural and food products—Determination of crude fibre.” French Standard NF V03-040, Paris (in French).
Agopyan, V., and John, V. (1992). “Durability evaluation of vegetable fibre reinforced materials.” Build. Res. Inform., 20(4), 233–235.
Almeida, A. E. F. S., Tonoli, G. H. D., Santos, S. F., and Savastano Jr., H. (2013). “Improved durability of vegetable fibre reinforced cement composite subject to accelerated carbonation at early age.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 42, 49–58.
Almeida, R. R., Menezzi, C. H., and Teixeira, D. E. (2002). “Utilization of the coconut shell of babacu (Orbignya sp.) to produce cement-bonded particleboard.” Bioresour. Technol., 85, .
ASTM. (2007). “Standard test methods for water solubility of wood.” ASTM D1110-84, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2011). “Standard specification for portland cement.” ASTM C150-04, West Conshohocken, PA.
Borges, P. H. R., Costa, J. O., Milestone, N. B., Lynsdale, C. J., Streatfield, R. E. (2010). “Carbonation of CH and C–S–H in composite cement pastes containing high amounts of BFS.” Cem. Concr. Res., 40(2), 284–292.
CONAB (Company of the National Supply). (2015). “Monitoring of the Brazilian grain harvest.” National Supply Company. Brasilia, Brazil.
European Committee for Standardization. (1993a). “Wood-based panels. Determination of density.” EN 323, Brussels, Belgium.
European Committee for Standardization. (1993b). “Wood-based panels. Determination of moisture content.” EN 322, Brussels, Belgium.
European Committee for Standardization. (1993c). “Wood-based panels—Determination of modulus of elasticity in bending and of bending strength.” EN 310, Brussels, Belgium.
European Committee for Standardization. (1994). “Fiber-cement profiled sheets and fittings for roofing—Products specification and test methods.” EN 494, Brussels, Belgium.
Fernández-Bertos, M., Simons, S. J. R., Hills, C. D., and Carey, P. J. (2004). “A review of accelerated carbonation technology in the treatment of cement-based materials and sequestration of .” J. Hazard. Mater., 112(3), 193–205.
Ferraz, J. M., Del Menezzi, C., Teixeira, D. E., and Martins, S. (2011). “Effects of treatment of coir fiber and cement/fiber ratio on properties of cement-bonded composites.” BioResources, 6(3), 3481–3492.
Fiorelli, J., et al. (2014). “Physico-chemical and anatomical characterization of residual lignocellulosic fibers.” Cellulose, 21(5), 3269–3277.
Hofsetz, K., and Silva, M. A. (2012). “Brazilian sugarcane bagasse: Energy and non-energy consumption.” Biomass Bioenergy, 46, 564–573.
Hyvert, N., Sellier, A., Duprat, F., Rougeau, P., and Francisco, P. (2010). “Dependency of C-S-H carbonation rate on pressure to explain transition from accelerated tests to natural carbonation.” Cem. Concr. Res., 40(11), 1582–1589.
Johannesson, B., and Utgenannt, P (2001). “Microstructural changes caused by carbonation of cement mortar.” Cem. Concr. Res., 31(6), 925–931.
Jorge, F. C., Pereira, C., and Ferreira, J. M. F. (2004). “Wood-cement composites: A review.” Holz als Roh und Werkstoff, 62(5), 370–377.
Melo Filho, J. M., Silva, F. A., and Toledo, R. D. (2013). “Degradation kinetics and aging mechanisms on sisal fiber cement composite systems.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 40, 30–39.
Mohr, B. J., Biernacki, J. J., and Kurtis, K. E. (2006). “Microstructural and chemical effects of wet/dry cycling on pulp fibre-cement composites.” Cem. Concr. Res., 36(7), 1240–1251.
Mohr, B. J., Biernacki, J. J., and Kurtis, K. E. (2007). “Supplementary cementitious materials for mitigating degradation of kraft pulp fiber-cement composites.” Cem. Concr. Res., 37(11), 1531–1543.
Mohr, B. J., Nanko, H., and Kurtis, K. E. (2005). “Durability of kraft pulp fiber-cement composites to wet/dry cycling.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 27(4), 435–448.
Moslemi, A. A. (1999). “Emerging technologies in mineral-bonded wood and fiber composites.” Adv. Perform. Mater., 6(2), 161–179.
Munir, S., Daood, S., Nimmo, W., Cunliffe, A. M., and Gibbs, B. M. (2009). “Thermal analysis and devolatilization kinetics of cotton stalk, sugar cane bagasse and shea meal under nitrogen and air atmospheres.” Bioresour. Technol., 100(3), 1413–1418.
Okino, E. Y., Souza, M. R., Santana, M., Alves, M., Sousa, M. E., and Teixeira, D. E. (2004). “Cement-bonded wood particleboard with a mixture of eucalypt and rubberwood.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 26(6), 729–734.
Paris, J. M., Roessler, J. G., Ferraro, C. F., DeFord, H. D., and Townsend, T. G. (2016). “A review of waste products utilized as supplements to portland cement in concrete.” J. Clean. Prod., 121, 1–18.
Pereira, P. H. F., Voorwald, H. C. J., Cioffi, M. O. H., Mulinari, D. R., Luz, S. M. D., and Silva, M. L. C. P. (2011). “Sugarcane bagasse pulping and bleaching: Thermal and chemical characterization.” Bioresources, 6, 2471–2482.
Pizzol, V. D., et al. (2014). “Mineralogical and microstructural changes promoted by accelerated carbonation and ageing cycles of hybrid fiber-cement composites.” Constr. Build. Mater., 68, 750–756.
Rossetto, L., Souza, M., and Pandolfelli, V. C. (2008). “Chaotropic substances and their effects on the mechanical strength of portland cement-based materials.” Mater. Res., 11(2), 183–185.
Rostami, V., Shao, Y., Boyd, A., and Zhen, H. (2012). “Microstructure of cement paste subject to early carbonation curing.” Cem. Concr. Res., 42(1), 186–193.
Santos, S. F., Schmidt, R., Almeida, A. E., Tonoli, G. H., and Savastano, H. (2015). “Supercritical carbonation treatment on extruded fibre-cement reinforced with vegetable fibres.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 56, 84–94.
SAS version 2.5.1 [Computer software]. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
Savastano, H., Agopyan, V. (1999). “Transition zone studies of vegetable fibre-cement paste composites.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 21(1), 49–57.
Savastano, H., and Warden, P. G. (2005). “Microstructure and mechanical properties of waste fibre–cement composites.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 27(5), 583–592.
Soroushian, P., Jong-Pil, W, Habibur, C., and Nosson, A. (2003). “Development of accelerated processing techniques for cement-bonded wood particleboard.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 25(7), 721–727.
Sotannde, O. (2012). “Evaluation of cement-bonded particle board produced from Afzelia Africana wood residues.” J. Eng. Sci. Technol., 7(6), 732–743.
Teixeira, R. S., et al. (2014). “Different ageing conditions on cementitious roofing tiles reinforced with alternative vegetable and synthetic fibres.” Mater. Struct., 47(3), 433–446.
Toledo Filho, R. D., Ghavami, K., England, G. L., and Scrinever, K. (2003). “Development of vegetable fibre-mortar composites of improved durability.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 25(2), 185–196.
Tonoli, G. H., Rodrigues Filho, U. P., Savastano, H., Bras, J., Belgacem, M. N., and Rocco Lahr, F. A. (2009). “Cellulose modified fibres in cement based composites.” Compos. Part A: Appl. Sci. Manuf., 40(12), 2046–2053.
Tonoli, G. H. D., et al. (2016). “Rationalizing the impact of aging on fiber–matrix interface and stability of cement-based composites submitted to carbonation at early ages.” J. Mater. Sci., 51(17), 7929–7943.
Tonoli, G. H. D., Santos, S. F., Joaquim, A. P., and Savastano, H. (2010). “Effect of accelerated carbonation on cementitious roofing tiles reinforced with lignocellulosic fibre.” Constr. Build. Mater., 24(2), 193–201.
Tonoli, G. H. D., Santos, S. F., Savastano, H., Delvasto, S., Mejía de Gutiérrez, R., and Del Lopez, M. M. (2011). “Effects of natural weathering on microstructure and mineral composition of cementitious roofing tiles reinforced with fique fibre.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 33(2), 225–232.
Tsivilis, S., Kakali, G., Chaniotakis, E., and Souvaridou, A. (1998). “A study on the hydration of portland limestone cement by means of TG.” J. Thermal Anal., 52(3), 863–870.
UNICA (Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association). (2016). “Achievements of the sugarcane industry in Brazil’s energy matrix.” ⟨http://www.unica.com.br⟩ (Apr. 15, 2016).
Yao, F., Wu, Q, Lei, Y., Guo, W., and Xu, Y. (2008). “Thermal decomposition kinetics of natural fibers: Activation energy with dynamic thermogravimetric analysis.” Polym. Degrad. Stab., 93(1), 90–98.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 29 • Issue 6 • June 2017
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 8, 2016
Accepted: Oct 19, 2016
Published ahead of print: Feb 8, 2017
Published online: Feb 9, 2017
Published in print: Jun 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Jul 9, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.