Viscous Energy Dissipation in Asphalt Pavement Structures and Implication for Vehicle Fuel Consumption
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 24, Issue 5
Abstract
The present paper deals with the energy dissipation induced by the viscous behavior of bituminous materials constituting pavement. An approach to take into account viscous properties of bituminous layers and to quantify this dissipation is explained. First, the behavior of different bituminous materials is investigated. Linear viscoelastic modeling is then proposed using a rheological model previously developed at the Civil Engineering and Buildings Department (DGCB) of the University of Lyon / ENTPE (Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l’Etat). Second, this model is implemented in a finite-element code, which enables simulation of the behavior of any pavement structures under any rolling load. In this paper, these developments, previously validated for orthotropic steel bridge and mix surfacing structures, are applied on a classical French pavement structure. In addition, the calculation of energy dissipation due to the viscous properties of the bituminous materials is allowed. Then an estimation of corresponding fuel consumption excess is given considering a 40-ton truck for different temperatures and speeds. The influence of the base course thickness is investigated as well. The simulation results show that energy dissipation in bituminous pavement due to the rolling weight of the considered 40-ton truck may induce a fuel consumption excess of a few percents age points in very unfavorable climatic conditions.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR). (2007). “Spécifications des matériaux Partie 1: Enrobés bitumineux.” NF EN 13108-1, AFNOR, Paris.
Baaj, H., Di Benedetto, H., and Chaverot, P. (2005). “Effect of binder characteristics on fatigue of asphalt pavement using an intrinsic damage approach.” Road Mater. Pavement Des., 6(2), 147–174.
Beuving, E., De Jonghe, T., Goos, D., Lindahl, T., and Stawiarski, A. (2004). Fuel efficiency of road pavements, 3rd Ed., Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, Vienna.
Christophe, T., Delanne, Y., and Serfass, J. P. (1993). “Les caractéristiques de surface—résistance au roulement, confort vibratoire et caractéristiques de surface.” Revue Generale des Routes et des Aérodromes, Vol. 708, RGRA, Paris, 13–17 (in French).
Chupin, O., Piau, J. M., and Chabot, A. (2010). “Effect of bituminous pavement structures on the rolling resistance.” Int. Symp. Asphalt Pavements, International Society for Asphalt Pavements (ISAP), Lino Lakes, MN.
CIMbéton. (2005). Béton et développement durable: Analyse du cycle de vie des structures routières, T89, Collection Technique CIMbéton, Paris (in French).
CIMBéton. (2007). “Béton et développement durable: Analyse du cycle de vie des structures routières.” Routes 101, CIMBéton, Paris, 6–13 (in French).
Delaporte, B., Di Benedetto, H., Chaverot, P., and Gauthier, G. (2009). “Linear viscoelastic properties of bituminous materials including new products made with ultrafine particles.” Road Mater. Pavement Des., 10(1), 7–38.
Di Benedetto, H., De La Roche, C., Baaj, H., Pronk, A., and Lundström, R. (2004). “Fatigue of bituminous mixtures.” Mater. Struct.MASTED, 37(3), 202–216.
Di Benedetto, H., Neifar, M., Sauzeat, C., and Olard, F. (2007). “Three-dimensional thermo-viscoplastic behaviour of bituminous materials: The DBN model.” Road Mater. Pavement Des., 8(2), 285–316.
Di Benedetto, H., Nguyen, Q. T., and Sauzeat, C. (2011). “Nonlinearity, heating, fatigue and thixotropy during cyclic loading of asphalt mixtures.” Road Mater. Pavement Des., 12(1), 129–158.
Du Plessis, H., Visser, A., and Curtayne, P. (1990). “Fuel consumption of vehicles as affected by road-surface characteristics.” Surface characteristics of roadways: International research and technologies, ASTM, Philadelphia, 480–496.
Ferry, J. D. (1980). Viscoelastic properties of polymers, John & Sons.
Glaeser, K. P. (2005). “Measurements of rolling resistance of tyres on road surfaces.” International Energy Agency Workshop, International Energy Agency (IEA), Paris.
Ihs, A., and Magnusson, G. (2000). “The significance of various road surface properties for traffic and surroundings.” VTI Notat 71A, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Linköping, Sweden.
Institut Français du Pétrole (IFP). (2005). “Le point sur: La consommation d’énergie dans le secteur du transport.” Panorama 2005, IFP, Paris (in French).
Kadiyali, L. R. (2000). Fuel savings on cement concrete pavement, Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
Laganier, R., and Lucas, J. (1990). “The influence of pavement evenness and macrotexture on fuel consumption.” Surface characteristics of roadways: International research and technologies, ASTM, Philadelphia, 454–459.
Larsson, R., and Andersson, R. (2004). “Benefit of reduced fuel consumption from economic and environmental perspectives—A novel approach.” Proc., 8th Int. Symp. on Concrete Roads, CEMBUREAU, Brussels.
LCPC-SETRA. (2004). “Conception et dimensionnement des structures de chaussée.” Guide technique, Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC) et Service d’Etudes sur les Transports, les Routes et leurs Aménagements (SETRA), Paris (in French).
Lindhal, T., and Goos, D. (2002). Environmental aspects of asphalt and concrete roads, Nynas Bitumen, Stockholm, Sweden.
Lundstrom, R., Di Benedetto, H., and Isacsson, U. (2004). “Influence of asphalt mixture stiffness on fatigue failure.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng.JMCEE7, 16(6) 516–525.
Mitchell, T. (2000). “Techbrief: Westrack track roughness, fuel consumption and maintenance cost.” FHWA-RD-00-052, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Washington, DC.
National Research Council Canada (NRC-CNRC). (2000). Effect of pavement structure on truck fuel consumption. Phase 2: Seasonal tests, Ottawa.
National Research Council Canada (NRC-CNRC). (2006). “Effect of pavement structure on vehicle fuel consumption—Phase III.” CSTT-HVC-TR-068, Ottawa.
Neifar, M., and Di Benedetto, H. (2001). “Thermo-viscoplastic law for bituminous mixes.” Road Mater. Pavement Des., 2(1), 71–96.
Nguyen, H. M., Pouget, S., Di Benedetto, H., and Sauzéat, C. (2009). “Generalization of the time-temperature superposition principle for bituminous mixtures: Experimentation and modeling.” Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng., 13(9), 1095–1107.
Olard, F., and Di Benedetto, H. (2005). The DBN model: A thermo-visco-elasto-plastic approach for pavement behavior modeling. Application to direct tension test and thermal stress restrained specimen test, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Lino Lakes, MN.
Pouget, S., Sauzéat, C., Di Benedetto, H., and Olard, F. (2010a). “From the behavior of constituent materials to the calculation and design of orthotropic bridge structures.” Road Mater. Pavement Des., 11(SI), 111–144.
Pouget, S., Sauzéat, C., Di Benedetto, H., and Olard, F. (2010b). “Numerical simulation of the five-point bending test designed to study bituminous wearing courses on orthotropic steel bridge.” Mater. Struct.MASTED, 43(3), 319–330.
Pouget, S., Sauzéat, C., Di Benedetto, H., and Olard, F. (2011). “Modeling of viscous bituminous wearing course materials on orthotropic steel deck.” Mater. Struct.MASTED, in press,.
Ross, F. R. (1981). “The effect of pavement roughness on vehicle fuel consumption.” Research Unit, Materials Section, Division of Highways and Transportation Facilities, Wisconsin Dept. of Transportation, Madison, WI.
Sandberg, U. (1990). “Road macro- and megatexture influence on fuel consumption.” Surface characteristics of roadways: International research and technologies, ASTM, Philadelphia, 460–479.
Transportation Research Board (TRB). (2006). “Tires and passenger vehicle fuel economy.” TRB Special Rep. 286, Washington, DC.
Williams, A. (1980). “Aspects of tyre/road properties relatable to driver comfort and safety.” Human Factors in Transport Research, Vol. 1, Academic Press.
Zaniewski, J. (1982). Vehicle operating costs, fuel consumption and pavement type and conditions factors, FHWA/PL/82/001, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Washington, DC.
Zaniewski, J. (1983). Fuel consumption related to roadway characteristics, Transportation Research Record 901, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 18–29.
Zaniewski, J. P., Moser, B., De Morais, P. J., and Kaeschagen, R. L. (1979). Fuel consumption related to vehicle type and road conditions, Transportation Research Record 702, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2012. American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 2, 2011
Accepted: Oct 31, 2011
Published online: Nov 8, 2011
Published in print: May 1, 2012
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.