Physically Based Green Roof Model
Publication: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 15, Issue 6
Abstract
A green roof is a multilayered vegetated roof covering consisting of a root barrier, a waterproof membrane, an under drainage system, and a layer of growing medium covered by plants. The physical principles governing the primary hydrologic and hydraulic processes in the growing medium by infiltration, drainage and recession are described. Contrary to conventional infiltration modeling approaches in which all rain water is used to advance the wetting front, the model suggests that a portion of rain water will directly drain through the growing medium to the under-drain after the field capacity is exceeded but before the growing medium is completely saturated. The model has been tested successfully using more than three years flow survey data from the green roof of Hamilton Building of Portland, Oregon.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Chorley, R. J. (1984). Introduction to physical hydrology, Methuen & Co., London.
Chow, V. T., Maidment, D. R., and Mays, L. W. (1988). Applied hydrology, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Clear Creek Solutions, Inc. (2006). WWHM3 project book, Clear Creek Solutions, Inc., Mill Creek, Wash.
DeNardo, J. C., Jarrett, A. R., Manbeck, H. B., Beattie, D. J., and Berghage, R. D. (2003). “Green roof mitigation of stormwater and energy usage.” Proc., 2003 ASAE Annual Meeting, ASAE, Washington, D.C.
Getter, K. L., Rowe, D. B., and Andresen, J. A. (2007). “Quantifying the effect of slope on extensive green roof stormwater retention.” Ecol. Eng., 31, 225–231.
Hathaway, A. M., Hunt, W. F., and Jennings, G. D. (2008). “A field study of green roof hydrologic and water quality performance.” Trans. ASABE, 51(1), 37–43.
Hilten, R. N., Lawrence, T. M., and Tollner, E. M. (2008). “Modeling stormwater runoff from green roofs with HYDRUS-1D.” J. Hydrol., 358, 288–293.
Hutchinson, D., Abrams, P., Retzlaff, R., and Liptan, T. (2003). “Stormwater monitoring two ecoroofs in Portland, Oregon, USA.” Proc., Greening Rooftops for Sustainable Communities.
James, W., Huber, W. C., Dickinson, R. E., and James, W. R. C. (1999). Water system models: Hydrology—Users guide to SWMM4 runoff and supporting modules, Univ. of Guelph and CHI, Guelph, Ont., Canada
Jarrett, A. R., Hunt, W. F., and Berghage, R. D. (2007). “Evaluating a spreadsheet model to predict green roof stormwater management.” Proc., 2nd National Low Impact Development Conf.
Kuo, F. E., and Sullivan, W. C. (2001). “Environment and crime in the inner city: Does vegetation reduce crime?” Environ. Behav., 33(3), 343–367.
Lindeburg, M. (2003). Civil engineering reference manual for the PE exam, 9th Ed., Professional Publications, Belmont, Calif.
Mein, R. G., and Larson, C. L. (1973). “Modeling infiltration during a steady rain.” Water Resour. Res., 9(2), 384–394.
Moran, A., Hunt, B., and Smith, J. (2005). “Hydrologic and water quality performance from green roofs in Goldsboro and Raleigh, North Carolina.” Proc., 3rd North American Green Roof Conference: Greening Rooftops for Sustainable Communities, 512–525.
Moran, A., Hunt, W. F., and Jennings, G. (2004). “A North Carolina field study to evaluate green roof runoff quantity, runoff quality, and plant growth.” Proc., 2nd North American Green Roof Conf.: Greening Rooftops for Sustainable Communities, 446–460.
Müller-Garcia, T. (2005). “Evaluation of the first green roofs in the District of Xochimilco in Mexico City after 15 months.” Proc., World Green Roof Congress/Welt Gründach-Kongress, 331–333.
Pantalone, J. (2005). “Toronto green roof study sets stage for a cleaner and greener city.” Green Roof Infrastructure Monitor, 7(2), 1–5.
Rose, C. W. (2004). An introduction to the environmental physics of soil, water and watersheds, Cambridge University Press, Australia.
Schaap, M. G., and Leij, F. J. (1998). “Using neural networks to predict soil water retention and soil hydraulic conductivity.” Soil Tillage Res., 47(1–2), 37–42.
U.S. EPA. (2009). “Green roofs for stormwater runoff control.” Rep. No. EPA/600/R-09/026, U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C.
Wanielista, M. P., and Yousef, Y. A. (1992). Stormwater management, Wiley, New York.
Zimmer, U., and Geiger, W. F. (1997). “Model for the design of multilayered infiltration systems.” Water Sci. Technol., 36(8–9), 301–306.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2010 ASCE.
History
Received: Dec 12, 2008
Accepted: Nov 3, 2009
Published online: Dec 28, 2009
Published in print: Jun 2010
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.