Multiscale Study of Soil Stabilization Using Bacterial Biopolymers
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 147, Issue 8
Abstract
Conventional methods of soil stabilization employing materials, such as lime or cement, have considerable environmental penalties due to their high embodied energy. Alternatives such as biopolymers can significantly alleviate this problem. This paper is the first attempt to reveal the basic mechanism of stabilizing sand using bacterial biopolymer by conducting investigations spanning from microscopic to macroscopic scales. Xanthan gum, a bacterial biopolymer, has been microscopically characterized both as a stand-alone binder and with varying proportions of clay reinforcement. Sand columns have been produced using xanthan gum as the binder with varying quantities of clay. The biopolymer stabilized samples were characterized by strength and water absorption. Although xanthan gum was able to bind the sand, exposure to moisture considerably affected its strength. The addition of clay significantly improved the performance by reinforcing the polymer. The mechanism of stabilization has been revealed through advanced microscopic investigations using scanning electron microscopy, nanoindentation, and atomic force microscopy. The study reveals the potential of bacterial polymerization as a means of sustainable soil stabilization.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code generated or used during the study are available from the corresponding author by request.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of Curtin International Postgraduate Research Scholarship (CIPRS) in supporting this research. Part of this research was undertaken using the instrumentation field emission scanning electron microscope and Tescan Mira3 VP-FESEM at the John de Laeter Centre, Curtin University. We also acknowledge the use of equipment and scientific and technical assistance of the Curtin University Electron Microscope Facility, which has been partially funded by the University, State, and Commonwealth governments.
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Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 147 • Issue 8 • August 2021
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© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Jul 18, 2019
Accepted: Apr 2, 2021
Published online: Jun 4, 2021
Published in print: Aug 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Nov 4, 2021
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