Load Transfer Curve Analyses of Drilled Shafts Using Crosshole Sonic Logging Test
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYThis article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 145, Issue 7
Abstract
The erroneous load transfer curve calculated using the nominal cross-sectional area () and elastic modulus of a concrete specimen () was modified by considering the nonuniform cross-sectional area () and nonhomogeneous elastic modulus () of concrete. A drilled shaft instrumented with strain gauges and pipes for a crosshole sonic logging (CSL) test was constructed as the test pile. To estimate , the incremental volume of the placed concrete was recorded. After curing the concrete, the CSL test was performed to estimate based on the compressional wave (P-wave) velocity. In addition, a bidirectional load test was conducted, and the load transfer curve was calculated. The results of the analyses demonstrated that although the erroneous load transfer curve was partially modified by considering either or individually, the modification was enhanced further by adopting both and . This study demonstrates that the estimation of and may be used to calculate reasonable load transfer curves for drilled shafts.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (NRF-2017R1A2B3008466).
References
AASHTO. 2007. Resistance of compacted bituminous mixture to moisture induced damage for Superpave. AASHTO T283. Washington, DC: AASHTO.
ASTM. 2016. Standard test method for integrity testing of concrete deep foundations by ultrasonic crosshole testing. ASTM D6760. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Bilgehan, M., and P. Turgut. 2010. “Artificial neural network approach to predict compressive strength of concrete through ultrasonic pulse velocity.” Res. Nondestruct. Eval. 21 (1): 1. https://doi.org/10.1080/09349840903122042.
Biot, M. A. 1956a. “Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid. I. Low-frequency range.” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 28 (2): 168–178. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1908239.
Biot, M. A. 1956b. “Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid. II. Higher frequency range.” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 28 (2): 179–191. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1908241.
Brown, D. A., J. P. Turner, and R. J. Castelli. 2010. Drilled shafts: Construction procedures and LRFD design methods. Washington, DC: DOT.
Demirboğa, R., İ. Türkmen, and M. B. Karakoc. 2004. “Relationship between ultrasonic velocity and compressive strength for high-volume mineral-admixtured concrete.” Cem. Concr. Res. 34 (12): 2329–2336. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0008-8846(04)00171-1.
Fellenius, B. H. 1989. “Tangent modulus of piles determined from strain data.” In Proc., The ASCE Geotechnical Engineering Division Foundation Congress. New York: ASCE.
Fellenius, B. H. 2001. “From strain measurements to load in an instrumented pile.” Geotech. News 19 (1): 35–38.
Geertsma, J., and D. C. Smit. 1961. “Some aspects of elastic wave propagation in fluid saturated porous solids.” Geophysics 26 (2): 169–181. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1438855.
Gibson, G. L., and D. W. Devenny. 1973. “Concrete to bedrock bond testing by jacking from bottom of a bore hole.” Can. Geotech. J. 10 (2): 304. https://doi.org/10.1139/t73-025.
Hajali, M., and C. Abishdid. 2012. “Behavior of axially loaded drilled shaft foundations with symmetric voids outside and inside the caging.” DFI J.–J. Deep Found. Inst. 6 (2): 312. https://doi.org/10.1179/dfi.2012.006.
Harker, A. H., and J. A. G. Temple. 1988. “Velocity and attenuation of ultrasound in suspensions of particles in fluids.” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 21 (11): 1576. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/21/11/006.
Hertlein, B., G. Verbeek, R. Fassett, and M. Arnold. 2016. “A comparison of quality management for bored pile/drilled shaft (BP/DS) foundation construction and the implementation of recent technologies.” J. Deep Found. Inst. 10 (2): 8794. https://doi.org/10.1080/19375247.2016.1255426.
Jefferis, S. A., and C. Lam. 2013. “Polymer support fluids: Use and misuse of innovative fluids in geotechnical works.” In Vol. 4 of Proc., 18th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 3219–3222. London: International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering.
Jung, G., O. Kwon, S. Jung, and M. Kim. 2006. “Evaluation of full-sized cast-in-place pile capacity with artificial defects.” Transp. Res. Rec. 1975 (1): 10. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198106197500102.
Koch, G. H., M. P. Brongers, N. G. Thompson, Y. P. Virmani, and J. H. Payer. 2002. Corrosion cost and preventive strategies in the United States. FHWA-RD-01-156. Washington, DC: DOT.
Kort, D. A., and R. P. Kostaschuk. 2007. “Sonar calipering of slurry constructed bored piles and the impact of pile shape on measured capacity.” In Proc., 8th Canadian Geotechnical Conf. Richmond, BC, Canada: Canadian Geotechnical Society.
Lee, J. S., and Y. H. Park. 2008. “Equivalent pile load–head settlement curve using a bi-directional pile load test.” Comput. Geotech. 35 (2): 124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2007.06.008.
Lee, J. S., and J. C. Santamarina. 2005. “P-wave reflection imaging.” Geotech. Test. J. 28 (2): 197–206. https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ12595.
Lee, J. S., and H. K. Yoon. 2015. “Theoretical relationship between elastic wave velocity and electrical resistivity.” J. Appl. Geophys. 116: 51–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2015.02.025.
Meyerhof, G. G. 1976. “Bearing capacity and settlement of pile foundations.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 102 (3): 195–228.
O’Neill, M., S. W. Tabsh, and H. Sarhan. 2003. “Response of drilled shafts with minor flaws to axial and lateral loads.” Eng. Struct. 25 (1): 4756. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0296(02)00117-7.
Osterberg, J. 1989. “New device for load testing driven piles and drilled shafts separates friction and end bearing.” Piling Deep Found. 1 (989): 421–427.
Osterberg, J. O., and S. F. Pepper. 1984. “A new simplified method for load testing drilled shafts.” Found. Drill. 23 (6): 911.
Poletto, F., J. M. Carcione, M. Lovo, and F. Miranda. 2002. “Acoustic velocity of seismic-while-drilling (SWD) borehole guided waves.” Geophysics 67 (3): 921–927. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1484534.
Quiros, G. W., and L. C. Reese. 1977. Design procedures for axially loaded drilled shafts. Austin, TX: Center for Highway Research, Univ. of Texas at Austin.
Reese, L. C., and S. J. Wright. 1977. Construction procedures and design for axial loading, drilled shaft manual, 1. HDV-22. McLean, VA: DOT.
Riebel, U., and F. Löffler. 1989. “The fundamentals of particle size analysis by means of ultrasonic spectrometry.” Part. Part. Syst. Char. 6 (1–4): 135–143. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060124.
Santamarina, J. C., A. Klein, and M. A. Fam. 2001. Soils and waves: Particulate materials behavior, characterization and process monitoring, 488. New York: Wiley.
Schmertmann, J. H., J. A. Hayes, T. Molnit, and L. O. Osterberg. 1998. “O-cell testings case histories demonstrate the importance of bored pile (drilled shaft) construction technique.” In Proc., 4th Int. Conf. on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering, 1103–1115. Hawthorne, NJ: Deep Foundation Institute.
Sinnreich, J. 2011. “Strain gage analysis for nonlinear pile stiffness.” Geotech. Test. J. 35 (2): 18. https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ103412.
Trtnik, G., F. Kavčič, and G. Turk. 2009. “Prediction of concrete strength using ultrasonic pulse velocity and artificial neural networks.” Ultrasonics 49 (1): 53–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2008.05.001.
Yoon, H. K., and J. S. Lee. 2010. “Field velocity resistivity probe for estimating stiffness and void ratio.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng. 30 (12): 1540–1549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2010.07.008.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 7, 2018
Accepted: Jan 11, 2019
Published online: May 14, 2019
Published in print: Jul 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Oct 14, 2019
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.