Experimental and Theoretical Studies for the Behavior of Strip Footing on Oil-Contaminated Sand
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 12
Abstract
This paper presents the results of a series of plain-strain model tests carried out on both clean sand and oil-contaminated sand loaded with a rigid strip footing. The objectives of this study are to determine the influence of oil-contaminated sand on the bearing capacity characteristics and the settlement of the footing. Contaminated sand layers were prepared by mixing the sand with an oil content of 0–5% with respect to dry soil to match the field conditions. The investigations are carried out by varying the depth and the length of the contaminated sand layer and the type of oil contamination. A plain-strain elastoplastic theoretical model with an interface gap element between footing and the soil is carried out to verify the test results of the model. It is shown that the load-settlement behavior and ultimate bearing capacity of the footing can be drastically reduced by oil contamination. The bearing capacity is decreased and the settlement of the footing is increased with increasing the depth and the length of the contaminated sand layer. The agreement between observed and computed results is found to be reasonably good in terms of load-settlement behavior and effect of oil contamination on the bearing capacity ratio. A comparison between the model results and the prototype scale results are also studied.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The tests were performed in the Soil Mechanics Laboratory of the Civil Engineering Department at the acknowledged University of Al-Tahadi—Libya. The writer appreciates the valuable comments and continuous encouragement of Professor Dr. Abdulsalam I. Al-Janabi and Professor Dr. S. V. Krishna Rao.
References
Aiban, A. (1998). “The effect of temperature on the engineering properties of oil-contaminated sand.” Journal of Environmental International, 24, 153–161.
Al-Sanad, H. A., Eid, W. K., and Ismael, N. F. (1995). “Geotechnical properties of oil-contaminated Kuwaiti sand.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 121(5), 407–412.
Al-Sanad, H. A., and Ismael, N. F. (1997). “Aging effects on oil-contaminated Kuwaiti sand.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 123(3), 290–293.
Carrigy, M. A. (1967). “The physical and chemical nature of a typical tar sand: Bulk properties and behavior.” Proc., Int. 7th World Petroleum Congress, Vol. 1, 573–581.
Evgin, E., and Das, B. M. (1992). “Mechanical behavior of an oil contaminated sand.” Proc., Mediterranean Conf., Usmen and Acar, eds., Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 101–108.
Fine, P., Graber, E. R., and Yaron, B. (1997). “Soil interactions with petroleum hydrocarbons: A biotic processes.” J. Soil Technol., 10(2), 133–153.
Ghaly, A. M. (2001). “Strength remediation of oil contaminated sands.” Proc., 17th Int. Conf. on Solid Waste Technology and Management, Philadelphia.
Khamehchiyan, K., Amir, H. C., and Majid, T. (2007). “Effects of crude oil contamination on geotechnical properties of clayey and sandy soils.” Eng. Geology J., 89, 220–229.
Meegoda, N. J., and Ratnaweera, P. (1994). “Compressibility of contaminated fine grained soils.” Geotech. Test. J., 17(1), 101–112.
Ola, S. A. (1991). “Geotechnical properties and behavior of Nigerian tar sand.” Engineering geology 30, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 325–336.
Ratnaweera, P., and Meegoda, N. J. (2006). “Shear strength and stress-strain behavior of contaminated soils.” Geotech. Test. J., 29(2), 133–140.
Shin, E. C., and Das, B. M. (2001). “Bearing capacity of unsaturated oil-contaminated sand.” Int. J. Offshore Polar Eng., 11(3), 220–227.
Shin, E. C., Lee, J. B., and Das, B. M. (1999). “Bearing capacity of a model scale footing on crude oil-contamination sand.” Geotech. Geo. Eng. J., 17(2), 123–132.
Shin, E. C., Omar, M. T., Tahmaz, A. A., and Das, B. M. (2002). “Shear strength and hydraulic conductivity of oil-contaminated sand.” Proc., 4th Int. Congress on Environmental Geotechnics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Vol. 1, Balkema, 9–13.
Vesic, A. S. (1973). “Analysis of ultimate loads on shallow foundations.” Soil Mech. Found. J., 99(1), 45–73.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2009 ASCE.
History
Received: Sep 2, 2008
Accepted: May 29, 2009
Published online: Jun 5, 2009
Published in print: Dec 2009
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.