Large-Scale Field Experiments on Blast-Induced Vibration and Crater in Sand Medium
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 17, Issue 8
Abstract
Blast-induced craters and ground vibrations caused by underground explosions are the foundation of explosion-resistance design for underground structures and protective facilities. In this study, large-scale blast experiments were performed in the field to investigate the characteristics of the ground vibrations and craters induced by single underground explosions in a loose, wet sand medium. Results from eight single blasts with emulsion explosives ranging from 200 to 400 g and buried depths ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 m are presented in this paper. A numerical simulation for Blast E8 using the coupled smoothed-particle hydrodynamics and finite-element method (SPH-FEM) is also presented. The influences of charge weight and buried depth on blast-induced crater formation and ejecta shape were studied. The experimental data for crater diameter were found to be roughly identical to the results suggested for wet sand. An empirical fitting formula for the ground vibration induced by single underground explosion in a loose, wet sand medium was developed using the vertical and radial components of peak particle velocity (PPV) obtained from the experiments. A numerical simulation using a coupled SPH-FEM was modeled to validate the experimental results and prove the method’s ability to model the blast-induced crater and ground vibration.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51479059) and Wuhan Municipal Construction Group.
References
Albert, D. G., Taherzadeh, S., Attenborough, K., Boulanger, P., and Decato, S. N. (2013). “Ground vibrations produced by surface and near-surface explosions.” Appl. Acoust., 74(11), 1279–1296.
Ashford, S. A., Rollins, K. M., and Lane, J. D. (2004). “Blast-induced liquefaction for full-scale foundation testing.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 798–806.
Attaway, S. W., Heinstein, M. W., and Swegle, J. W. (1994). “Coupling of smooth particle hydrodynamics with the finite element method.” Nucl. Eng. Des., 150(2–3), 199–205.
Baker, W. E., Westine, P. S., and Dodge, F. T. (1991). Similarity methods in engineering dynamics: Theory and practice of scale modeling, Vol. 12, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Bergeron, D. M., Walker, R., and Coffey, C. (1998). “Detonation of 100-g anti-personnel mine surrogate charges in sand: A test case for computer code validation.” Rep. No. DRES-SR-668, Defence Research Establishment Suffield, Alberta, Canada.
Braid, M., and Bergeron, D. (2001). “Experimental investigation and analysis of the effects of anti-personnel landmine blasts.” Rep. No. DRES-SSP-2001-188, Defence Research Establishment Suffield, Alberta, Canada.
Charlie, W. A., Bretz, T. E., Schure, L. A., and Doehring, D. O. (2013). “Blast-induced pore pressure and liquefaction of saturated sand.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 1308–1319.
Fiserova, D. (2006). “Numerical analysis of buried mine explosives with emphasis on effect of soil properties on loading.” Ph.D. thesis, Cranfield Univ., Cranfield, England.
Gingold, R. A., and Monaghan, J. J. (1977). “Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: Theory and application to non-spherical stars.” Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 181(3), 375–389.
Grujicic, M., Pandurangan, B., Haque, I., Cheeseman, B. A., Roy, W. N., and Skaggs, R. R. (2007). “Computational analysis of mine blast on a commercial vehicle structure.” Multidiscip. Model. Mater. Struct., 3(4), 431–460.
Kulhawy, F. H., and Mayne, P. W. (1990). “Manual on estimating soil properties for foundation design.” Rep. No. EPRI-EL-6800, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA.
Kumar, R., Choudhury, D., and Bhargava, K. (2014). “Prediction of blast-induced vibration parameters for soil sites.” Int. J. Geomech., 341–349.
Leong, E. C., Anand, S., Cheong, H. K., and Lim, C. H. (2007). “Re-examination of peak stress and scaled distance due to ground shock.” Int. J. Impact Eng., 1487–1499.
Long, J. H., Ries, E. R., and Michalopoulos, A. P. (1981). “Potential for liquefaction due to construction blasting.” Proc., 1st Int. Conf. on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Dynamics, Indian Society of Earthquake Technology, Uttarakhand, India.
LSTC (Livermore Software Technology Corporation). (2010). LS-DYNA keyword user's manual (version 971/rev 5), Livermore, CA.
Luccioni, B., Ambrosini, D., Nurick, G., and Snyman, I. (2009). “Craters produced by underground explosions.” Comput. Struct., 87(21–22), 1366–1373.
Lucy, L. B. (1977). “A numerical approach to the testing of the fission hypothesis.” Astron. J., 82, 1013–1024.
Monaghan, J. J. (2005). “Smoothed particle hydrodynamics.” Rep. Prog. Phys., 68(8), 1703–1759.
Perret, W. R., and Bass, R. C. (1975). “Free-field ground motion induced by underground explosions.” Rep. No. SAND-74-0252, Sandia National Labs, Albuquerque, NM.
Qian, Q., and Wang, M. (2010). Impact and explosion effects in rock and soil, National Defence Industry Press, Beijing (in Chinese).
Randles, P. W., and Libersky, L. D. (1996). “Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: Some recent improvements and applications.” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 139(1–4), 375–408.
Rollins, K. M. (2004). “Liquefaction mitigation using vertical composite drains: Full scale testing.” Rep. No. Highway IDEA Project 94, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC.
Shim, H. S. (1996). “Response of piles in saturated soil under blast loading.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO.
Simpson, P. T., Zimmie, T. F., and Abdoun, T. (2006). “Explosion tests on embankment models in the geotechnical centrifuge.” Proc., Int. Conf. on New Developments in Geoenvironmental and Geotechnical Engineering, Univ. of Incheon, Incheon, Korea.
Song, B., Chen, W., and Luk, V. (2009). “Impact compressive response of dry sand.” Mech. Mater., 41(6), 777–785.
Tejaswi, U. V., and Ramesh, V. (2015). “Evaluating the effects of underground explosions on structures.” Int. J. Eng. Sci. Emerg. Technol., 8(1), 17–22.
Toussaint, G., and Bouamoul, A. (2010). “Comparison of ALE and SPH methods for simulating mine blast effects on structures.” Rep. No. DRDC Valcartier TR 2010-326, Defence Research and Development Canada, Valcartier, Canada.
USDA. (1984). “Fundamentals of protective design for conventional weapons.” TM5-855-1, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, VA.
Wang, W., Chen, Y., Liu, H., and Zhang, Z. (2013). “Numerical simulation of explosion in soil based on a coupled SPH-FEM algorithm.” Rock Soil Mech., 34(7), 2104–2110 (in Chinese).
Wang, Z., Hao, H., and Lu, Y. (2004). “A three-phase soil model for simulating stress wave propagation due to blast loading.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 28(1), 33–56.
Wang, Z., Lu, Y., Hao, H., and Chong, K. (2005). “A full coupled numerical analysis approach for buried structures subjected to subsurface blast.” Comput. Struct., 83(4–5), 339–356.
Yang, Q., Jones, V., and McCue, L. (2012). “Free-surface flow interactions with deformable structures using an SPH-FEM model.” Ocean Eng., 55, 136–147.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 17 • Issue 8 • August 2017
Copyright
© 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 2, 2015
Accepted: Nov 8, 2016
Published online: Feb 7, 2017
Discussion open until: Jul 7, 2017
Published in print: Aug 1, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.