Analysis of Physical Properties and Influencing Factors of Longmaxi Shale in Sichuan Basin
Publication: Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 6
Abstract
The physical properties of shale reservoirs directly affect the form of shale gas and its preservation conditions, and an evaluation of these properties has great significance on the storage and exploitation of shale gas. In this study, the Longmaxi Formation shale in the Sichuan Basin was considered as the research object. The parameters of porosity, permeability, mineral composition, total organic carbon content, density, in-situ stress, brittleness index, and fluid saturation of the samples were obtained through a series of tests. The influence of each parameter on the porosity and permeability was analyzed, and a weight analysis was conducted using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The results show that: clay mineral content in the mineral composition has a positive correlation with porosity, and the content of brittle minerals can affect the fracture development density and improve the permeability of samples; the total organic carbon content has a positive correlation with porosity and permeability; increases in density and in-situ stress will significantly reduce the porosity and permeability of samples; the brittleness index has a negative correlation with porosity and a positive correlation with permeability; water saturation has a positive correlation with porosity, gas saturation has a negative correlation with porosity, and the movable oil saturation has an obvious logarithmic relationship with porosity and a negative correlation with permeability. Furthermore, the AHP was used to analyze the specific effects of various parameters on porosity and permeability, with the weight of total organic carbon content > mineral composition > brittleness index > density > in-situ stress > fluid saturation. In this study, we evaluated the physical properties of shale reservoirs, which provides an important basis for shale reservoir evaluation and mining area selection.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used throughout the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
This research was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China (41941018) and National Key Research and Development Program (Grant Nos. 2018YFC0603705 and 2016YFC0600901).
References
Chen, S., Y. Zhu, H. Wang, H. Liu, W. Wei, and J. Fang. 2011. “Shale gas reservoir characterization: A typical case in the southern Sichuan basin of China.” Energy 36 (11): 6609–6616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.09.001.
Chen, S., Y. Zhu, H. Wang, H. Liu, W. Wei, and J. Fang. 2012. “Structure characteristics and accumulation significance of nanoporesin Longmaxi shale gas reservoir in the southern Sichuan basin.” J. China Coal Soc. 37 (3): 438–444. https://doi.org/10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2012.03.007.
Chen, T., X.-T. Feng, G. Cui, Y. Tan, and Z. Pan. 2019. “Experimental study of permeability change of organic-rich gas shales under high effective stress.” J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 64 (Apr): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2019.01.014.
Davarpanah, A., R. Shirmohammadi, B. Mirshekari, and A. Aslani. 2019. “Analysis of hydraulic fracturing techniques: Hybrid fuzzy approaches.” Arabian J. Geosci. 12 (13): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-019-4567-x.
Fan, Z., J. Hou, D. Xing, X. Ge, and F. Zhang. 2019. “Core NMR experiments for low permeability reservoir and its field application.” J. China Univ. Pet. 43 (1): 53–59. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2019.01.006.
Guo, J., Z. Zhang, and Q. Sun. 2008. “Study and applications of analytic hierarchy process.” China Saf. Sci. J. 18 (5): 148–153. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1003-3033.2008.05.025.
Hu, X., L. Chen, L. Qi, Z. Lei, and Y. Luo. 2019. “Marine shale reservoir evaluation in the Sichuan basin-a case study of the lower silurian Longmaxi marine shale of the b201 well in the Baoluan area, southeast Sichuan basin, China.” J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 182 (Nov): 106339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106339.
Ji, W., Y. Song, Z. Jiang, X. Wang, Y. Bai, and J. Xing. 2014. “Geological controls and estimation algorithms of lacustrine shale gas adsorption capacity: A case study of the Triassic strata in the southeastern Ordos basin, China.” Int. J. Coal Geol. 134 (Nov): 61–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2014.09.005.
Jiang, Y., D. Dong, L. Qi, Y. Shen, C. Jiang, and F. He. 2010. “Basic features and evaluation of shale gas reservoirs.” Nat. Gas Ind. 30 (10): 7–12. https://doi.org/10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2010.10.002.
Josh, M., L. Esteban, C. Delle Piane, J. Sarout, D. Dewhurst, and M. Clennell. 2012. “Labo-ratory characterisation of shale properties.” J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 88 (Jun): 107–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2012.01.023.
Lan, J., Y. Xu, L. Huo, and J. Liu. 2006. “Research on the priorities of fuzzy analytical hierarchy process.” Syst. Eng.-Theory Pract. 9 (Sep): 107–112. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn.1000-6788.2006.09.014.
Li, M., S. Yao, and W. Shan. 2006. “Lab research on stress sensitivity of low permeability gas reservoirs.” Pet. Geol. Oilfield Dev. Daqing 25 (6): 69–72. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8217.2018.06.023.
Li, W., and S. Yang. 2011. “An optimal system and evaluation methods of ranking shale gas development prospective zones.” Nat. Gas Ind. 31 (4): 59–62. https://doi.org/10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2011.04.014.
Liu, S., W. Ma, J. Luba, W. Huang, X. Zeng, and C. Zhang. 2011. “Characteristics of the shale gas reservoir rocks in the lower Silurian long maxi formation, east Sichuan basin, China.” Acta Petrol. Sin. 27 (8): 2239–2252.
Lu, S., W. Huang, F. Chen, J. Li, M. Wang, H. Xue, W. Wang, and X. Cai. 2012. “Classification and evaluation criteria of shale oil and gas resources: Discussion and application.” Pet. Explor. Dev. 39 (2): 268–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876-3804(12)60042-1.
Luo, Z., and S. Yang. 2004. “Comparative study on several scales in AHP.” Syst. Eng.-Theory Pract. 24 (9): 51–60. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1000-6788.2004.09.009.
Ma, Y., X. Cai, and P. Zhao. 2018. “China’s shale gas exploration and development: Understanding and practice.” Pet. Explor. Dev. 45 (4): 589–603. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876-3804(18)30065-X.
Nie, B., X. Liu, L. Yang, J. Meng, and X. Li. 2015. “Pore structure characterization of different rank coals using gas adsorption and scanning electron microscopy.” Fuel 158 (Oct): 908–917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.06.050.
Rui, Z., J. Lu, Z. Zhang, R. Guo, K. Ling, R. Zhang, and S. Patil. 2017. “A quantitative oil and gas reservoir evaluation system for development.” J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 42 (Jun): 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2017.02.026.
Song, W., J. Yao, Y. Li, H. Sun, L. Zhang, Y. Yang, J. Zhao, and H. Sui. 2016. “Apparent gas permeability in an organic-rich shale reservoir.” Fuel 181 (Oct): 973–984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.05.011.
Stasiuk, L. D., A. R. Sweet, and D. R. Issler. 2006. “Reconstruction of burial history of eroded Mesozoic strata using kimberlite shale xenoliths, volcaniclastic and crater facies, northwest territories, Canada.” Int. J. Coal Geol. 65 (1–2): 129–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2005.04.011.
Sun, H., J. Yao, L. Zhang, C. Wang, Z. Sun, Y. Yan, and P. Pang. 2014. “A computing method of shale permeability based on pore structures.” J. China Univ. Pet. 38 (2): 92–98. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2014.02.014.
Thiercelin, M., and R. Plumb. 1994. “A core-based prediction of lithologic stress contrasts in east Texas formations.” SPE Form. Eval. 9 (4): 251–258. https://doi.org/10.2118/21847-PA.
Wan, Y., S. Tang, and Z. Pan. 2017. “Evaluation of the shale gas potential of the lower Silurian Longmaxi formation in northwest Hunan province, China.” Mar. Pet. Geol. 79 (Jan): 159–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.11.010.
Xiao, D., R. Zhao, X. Yang, D. Fang, B. Li, and X. Sun. 2019. “Characterization, classification and contribution of marine shale gas reservoirs.” Oil Gas Geol. 40 (6): 1215–1225. https://doi.org/10.11743/ogg20190606.
Yang, L., H. Ge, Y. Shen, J. Zhang, W. Yan, S. Wu, and X. Tang. 2015. “Imbibition inducing tensile fractures and its influence on in-situ stress analyses: A case study of shale gas drilling.” J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 26 (Sep): 927–939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2015.07.028.
Yuan, J., X. Deng, D. Zhang, D. Li, W. Yan, C. Chen, L. Cheng, and Z. Chen. 2013. “Fracability evaluation of shale-gas reservoirs.” Acta Petrol. Sin. 34 (3): 523–527. https://doi.org/10.7623/syxb201303015.
Zhu, P., S. Huang, D. Li, and Y. Liu. 2004. “Effect and protection of chlorite on clastic reservoir rocks.” J. Chengdu Univ. Technol. 31 (2): 153–156. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-9727.2004.02.008.
Zou, C., et al. 2018. “Theory, technology and prospects of conventional and unconventional natural gas.” Pet. Explor. Dev. 45 (4): 604–618. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876-3804(18)30066-1.
Zou, C., S. Pan, Z. Jing, J. Gao, Z. Yang, S. Wu, and Q. Zhao. 2020. “Shale oil and gas revolution and its impact.” Acta Petrol. Sin. 41 (1): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.7623/syxb202001001.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 14, 2021
Accepted: Jun 1, 2022
Published online: Sep 14, 2022
Published in print: Dec 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Feb 14, 2023
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Jian Wang, Mifu Zhao, Bowen Wang, Yahua Wang, Gang Yang, Tengfei Ma, Jiafang Xu, Prediction of Coal Seam Permeability by Hybrid Neural Network Prediction Model, Journal of Energy Engineering, 10.1061/JLEED9.EYENG-5358, 150, 4, (2024).
- Huaimin Dong, Xin Zeng, Dalin Zhou, Jinjiang Zhu, Naser Golsanami, Jianmeng Sun, Yihuai Zhang, Insights into the Multiscale Conductivity Mechanism of Marine Shales from Wufeng–Longmaxi Formation in the Southern Sichuan Basin of China, Journal of Energy Engineering, 10.1061/JLEED9.EYENG-4667, 149, 3, (2023).
- Melckzedeck M. Mgimba, Shu Jiang, Wilson Ngole, Optimization of Hydraulic Fracture Treatment Parameters for Normally Pressured Longmaxi and Wufeng Shales in the Southeastern Sichuan Basin in China, Journal of Energy Engineering, 10.1061/JLEED9.EYENG-4494, 149, 2, (2023).