Treatment of an Aerobic Digester Sidestream in a Microbial Fuel Cell: Nitrate Removal and Electricity Generation
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 4
Abstract
Aerobic digestion of waste activated sludge is a common practice at water reclamation facilities. Dewatering of digester effluent produces a liquid stream, commonly referred to as a sidestream, that is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. Removal of nitrogen from the sidestream improves mainstream treatment, but usually requires input of energy and/or chemicals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microbial fuel cell (MFC) as a candidate technology to remove nitrogen from the sidestream of aerobic digestion while simultaneously producing electricity, without requiring input of energy or chemicals. Toward this goal, a bench-scale MFC was constructed and operated for a period of 125 days to remove nitrogen (nitrate) from an aerobic digester sidestream from a treatment facility in Hillsborough County, Florida. The average removal rate of nitrogen was , the average power production was of electrode surface area, and the apparent efficiency of electron transfer from anode to cathode was 41%. The nitrogen removal rate and apparent electron transfer efficiency are similar to those observed in previous MFC studies treating other nitrate-containing streams via cathodic denitrification. The low power generation may be due partly to the two-chamber configuration of the MFC employed, which was appropriate for the goals of this study but is not the most advanced MFC configuration. Therefore, we conclude that the MFC remains a promising candidate for nitrate removal from aerobic digester sidestreams, but that MFC configurations more advanced than the one employed here will be required for the technology to be viable at a larger scale.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request (twice-weekly measurements of voltage, chemical oxygen demand, concentration of nitrate, and concentration of total nitrogen).
Acknowledgments
This paper is based upon work supported by Hillsborough County (Florida) Public Utilities, and by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) under Grant No. 83556901. The contents of this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of Hillsborough County or USEPA. Hillsborough County and USEPA do not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in this publication. The authors thank the staff of Hillsborough County Public Utilities for providing a research trailer, utilities, and access to wastewater samples at the Northwest Regional Water Reclamation Facility and at the Biosolids Management Facility. The authors thank Steve Youssef of the University of South Florida for his assistance with analysis of collected samples.
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Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 148 • Issue 4 • April 2022
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© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Jul 30, 2021
Accepted: Nov 10, 2021
Published online: Jan 24, 2022
Published in print: Apr 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Jun 24, 2022
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