Effect of Adsorbate Concentration to Adsorbent Dosage Ratio on the Sorption of Heavy Metals on Soils
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 144, Issue 2
Abstract
Adsorbent dosage and initial adsorbate concentration are usually used as two factors for a batch sorption experiment to investigate the sorption characteristics of heavy metals on soils. In the present study, another factor was defined as the ratio between initial adsorbate concentration and adsorbent dosage, and its relation with the sorption characteristics of heavy metals on soils was analyzed by performing a series of batch sorption experiments and literature review. The results indicated that the sorption capacity increased with the increase in the initial adsorbate concentration to adsorbent dosage ratio, and the effects of adsorbent dosage and initial adsorbate concentration could be uniformly illustrated by the effect of the ratio. Based on the experimental results and literature analysis, an empirical equation was developed to describe the relationship between sorption capacity and initial adsorbate concentration to adsorbent dosage ratio at equilibrium. The sorption characteristics of heavy metals on soil could be directly predicted with the developed empirical equation.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
Financial support from the Ministry of Education (Project Nos. 2015THZ-01 and 2015THZ-02), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. 51579132, 51323014, and 51609123), and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2015M581104) are gratefully acknowledged. The comments from the editor and reviewers are important for the improvement of the overall quality of this paper and are also gratefully acknowledged.
References
Acar, Y. B., and Alshawabkeh, A. N. (1993). “Principles of electrokinetic remediation.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 27(13), 2638–2647.
Akhigbe, L., Ouki, S., and Saroj, D. (2016). “Disinfection and removal performance for Escherichia coli and heavy metals by silver-modified zeolite in a fixed bed column.” Chem. Eng. J., 295(1), 92–98.
ASTM. (2011). “Standard practice for classification of soils for engineering purposes (unified soil classification system).” ASTM D2487-11, West Conshohocken, PA.
Bailey, S. E., Olin, T. J., Bricka, R. M., and Adrian, D. D. (1999). “A review of potentially low-cost sorbents for heavy metals.” Water Res., 33(11), 2469–2479.
Baral, S. S., Das, S. N., and Rath, P. (2006). “Hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution by adsorption on treated sawdust.” Biochem. Eng. J., 31(3), 216–222.
Bartelt-Hunt, S. L., Smith, J. A., Burns, S. E., and Rabideau, A. J. (2005). “Evaluation of granular activated carbon, shale, and two organoclays for use as sorptive amendments in clay landfill liners.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 848–856.
Bellir, K., Bencheikh-Lehocine, M., Meniai, A. H., and Gherbi, N. (2005). “Study of the retention of heavy metals by natural material used as liners in landfills.” Desalination, 185(1–3), 111–119.
Bentahar, Y., Hurel, C., Draoui, K., Khairoun, S., and Marmier, N. (2016). “Adsorptive properties of Moroccan clays for the removal of arsenic (V) from aqueous solution.” Appl. Clay Sci., 119(2), 385–392.
Bhattacharyya, K. G., and Gupta, S. S. (2007). “Adsorptive accumulation of Cd (II), Co (II), Cu (II), Pb (II), and Ni (II) from water on montmorillonite: Influence of acid activation.” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 310(2), 411–424.
Cameselle, C., and Reddy, K. R. (2012). “Development and enhancement of electro-osmotic flow for the removal of contaminants from soils.” Electrochim. Acta, 86(1), 10–22.
Cataldo, S., Muratore, N., Orecchio, S., and Pettignano, A. (2015). “Enhancement of adsorption ability of calcium alginate gel beads towards Pd(II) ion: A kinetic and equilibrium study on hybrid laponite and montmorillonite-alginate gel beads.” Appl. Clay Sci., 118(1), 162–170.
Chen, C., Liu, H. B., Chen, T. H., Chen, D., and Frost, R. L. (2015). “An insight into the removal of Pb(II), Cu(II), Co(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Ag(I), Hg(I), Cr(VI) by Na(I)-montmorillonite and Ca(II)-montmorillonite.” Appl. Clay Sci., 118(1), 239–247.
Corapcioglu, M. O., and Huang, C. P. (1987). “The adsorption of heavy metals onto hydrous activated carbon.” Water Res., 21(9), 1031–1044.
Cuevas, J., et al. (2012). “The performance of natural clay as a barrier to the diffusion of municipal solid waste landfill leachates.” J. Environ. Manage., 95, S175–S181.
Dave, P. N., and Chopda, L. V. (2014). “Application of iron oxide nanomaterials for the removal of heavy metals.” J. Nanotechnol., 1–14.
Du, H. H., et al. (2016). “Cd (II) sorption on montmorillonite-humic acid-bacteria composites.” Sci. Rep., 6(1), 19499.
Du, Y. J., and Hayashi, S. (2006). “A study on sorption properties of on Ariake clay for evaluating its potential use as a landfill barrier material.” Appl. Clay Sci., 32(1–2), 14–24.
Du, Y. J., Wei, M. L., Jin, F., and Liu, Z. B. (2013). “Stress-strain relation and strength characteristics of cement treated zinc-contaminated clay.” Eng. Geol., 167(1), 20–26.
Flogeac, K., Guillon, E., and Aplincourt, M. (2007). “Competitive sorption of metal ions onto a north-eastern France soil isotherms and XAFS studies.” Geoderma, 139(1–2), 180–189.
Glatstein, D. A., and Francisca, F. M. (2015). “Influence of pH and ionic strength on Cd, Cu and Pb removal from water by adsorption in Na-bentonite.” Appl. Clay Sci., 118(1), 61–67.
Gong, M. (2014). “Feasibility study on application of coal gangue in landfill liner.” M.S. thesis, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing.
Gregg, S. J., and Sing, K. S. (1982). Adsorption, surface area and porosity, Academic Press, London.
Gullick, R. W., and Weber, W. J. (2001). “Evaluation of shale and organoclays as sorbent additives for low-permeability soil containment barriers.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 35(7), 1523–1530.
Gupta, S. S., and Bhattacharyya, K. G. (2012). “Adsorption of heavy metals on kaolinite and montmorillonite: A review.” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 14(19), 6698–6723.
Hong, C. S., Shackelford, C. D., and Malusis, M. A. (2016). “Adsorptive behavior of zeolite-amended backfills for enhanced metals containment.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 04016021-4.
Hu, L. (2003). “In situ permeable reactive barriers for remediation of contaminated groundwater.” Hydraul. Hydroelectric Technol., 34(7), 11–13 (in Chinese).
Kaya, A., and Durukan, S. (2004). “Utilization of bentonite-embedded zeolite as clay liner.” Appl. Clay Sci., 25(1–2), 83–91.
Kobya, M., Demirbas, E., Senturk, E., and Ince, M. (2005). “Adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from apricot stone.” Bioresource Technol., 96(13), 1518–1521.
Kondo, S., Ishikawa, T., and Abe, I. (1991). Science of adsorption, Maruzen, Tokyo.
Kumpiene, J., Lagerkvist, A., and Maurice, C. (2008). “Stabilization of As, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn in soil using amendments—A review.” Waste Manage., 28(1), 215–225.
Li, Z. Z. (2009). “Mechanism of sorption, desorption, diffusion and remediation of heavy metals in soils.” Ph.D. thesis, Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou, China (in Chinese).
Liu, S., Zhan, L., Hu, L., and Du, Y. (2016a). “Environmental geotechnics: State-of-the-art of theory, testing and application to practice.” China Civ. Eng. J., 49(3), 6–30 (in Chinese).
Liu, X. F., Hicher, P., Muresan, B., Saiyouri, N., and Hicher, P. Y. (2016b). “Heavy metal retention properties of kaolin and bentonite in a wide range of concentration and different pH conditions.” Appl. Clay Sci., 119(2), 365–374.
Lu, H. J., Luan, M. T., Zhang, J. L., and Yu, Y. X. (2009). “Adsorption of Cr(VI) onto landfill liner-soil materials.” Chin. J. Geotech. Eng., 31(7), 1003–1008 (in Chinese).
Ma, L. Y., Xi, Y. F., He, H. P., Ayoko, G. A., Zhu, R. L., and Zhu, J. X. (2016). “Efficiency of Fe-montmorillonite on the removal of rhodamine B and hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution.” Appl. Clay Sci., 120(1), 9–15.
Melichová, Z., and Hromada, L. (2013). “Adsorption of and ions from aqueous solutions on natural bentonite.” Polish J. Environ. Stud., 22(2), 457–464.
Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China. (2016). “Report on the state of the environment in China 2016.” Beijing.
Mohan, S., and Gandhimathi, R. (2009). “Removal of heavy metal ions from municipal solid waste leachate using coal fly ash as an adsorbent.” J. Hazard. Mater., 169(1–3), 351–359.
Mott, H. V., and Weber, W. J. (1992). “Sorption of low molecular weight organic contaminants by fly ash: considerations for the enhancement of cutoff barrier performance.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 26(6), 1234–1242.
Nadaroglu, H., Kalkan, E., and Demir, N. (2010). “Removal of copper from aqueous solution using red mud.” Desalination, 251(1), 90–95.
Nayak, A., Bhushan, B., Gupta, V., and Sharma, P. (2017). “Chemically activated carbon from lignocellulosic wastes for heavy metal wastewater remediation: Effect of activation conditions.” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 493(1), 228–240.
Ouhadi, V. R., Yong, R. N., and Sedighi, M. (2006). “Influence of heavy metal contaminants at variable pH regimes on rheological behavior of bentonite.” Appl. Clay Sci., 32(3–4), 217–231.
Qiu, G., Xie, X. Q., Liu, H. B., Chen, T. H., Xie, J. J., and Li, H. W. (2015). “Removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions using dolomite-palygorskite clay: Performance and mechanisms.” Appl. Clay Sci., 118(1), 107–115.
Rouquerol, F., Rouquerol, J., and Sing, K. (1999). Adsorption by powders and porous solids, Academic Press, London.
Salehin, S., Aburizaiza, A. S., and Barakat, M. A. (2016). “Activated carbon from residual oil fly ash for heavy metals removal from aqueous solution.” Desalin. Water Treat., 57(1), 278–287.
Stafiej, A., and Pyrzynska, K. (2007). “Adsorption of heavy metal ions with carbon nanotubes.” Sep. Purif. Technol., 58(1), 49–52.
Tang, X. W., Li, Z. Z., Chen, Y. M., and Wang, Y. (2008). “Removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution by adsorption on Chinese quaternary loess: Kinetics and equilibrium studies.” J. Environ. Sci. Health, Part A, 43(7), 779–791.
Tang, X. W., Li, Z. Z., Chen, Y. M., and Wang, Z. Q. (2009). “Removal of Zn(II) from aqueous solution with natural Chinese loess: Behaviors and affecting factors.” Desalination, 249(1), 49–57.
Tofighy, M. A., and Mohammadi, T. (2011). “Adsorption of divalent heavy metal ions from water using carbon nanotube sheets.” J. Hazard. Mater., 185(1), 140–147.
Uddin, M. K. (2017). “A review on the adsorption of heavy metals by clay minerals, with special focus on the past decade.” Chem. Eng. J., 308(1), 438–462.
Wang, Y. (2012). “Sorption and desorption mechanism of loess soil towards typical heavy metals.” Ph.D. thesis, Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou, China (in Chinese).
Wang, Y., Tang, X. W., Chen, Y. M., Zhan, L. T., Li, Z. Z., and Tang, Q. (2009). “Adsorption behavior and mechanism of Cd(II) on loess soil from China.” J. Hazard. Mater., 172(1), 30–37.
Wu, H., Wen, Q. B., Hu, L. M., Gong, M., and Tang, Z. L. (2017). “Feasibility study on the application of coal gangue as landfill liner material.” Waste Manage., 63, 161–171.
Wu, P. X., et al. (2009). “Removal of from aqueous solution by adsorption using Fe-montmorillonite.” J. Hazard. Mater., 169(1), 824–830.
Xu, M., Wen, Q., Yang, Y., Gong, M., Nie, Y., and Hu, L. (2016). “Experimental studies on coal gangue as a landfill liner material.” Geo-Chicago, ASCE, Chicago, 408–417.
Xue, Q., Lu, H. J., Zhao, Y., and Liu, L. (2014). “The metal ions release and microstructure of coal gangue corroded by acid-based chemical solution.” Environ. Earth Sci., 71(7), 3235–3244.
Yang, Y. T., Gong, M., Wen, Q. B., and Hu, L. M. (2013). “Experimental study on coal gangue applied as anti-seepage and anti-fouling materials.” Chin. J. Geotech. Eng., 35(Supp. 1), 282–286 (in Chinese).
Yang, Y. T., Wen, Q. B., and Hu, L. M. (2012). “Experimental study on application of industrial waste in landfill liner.” GeoCongress 2012, ASCE, Oakland, CA, 3881–3890.
Yogesh Kumar, K., Muralidhara, H. B., Arthoba Nayaka, Y., Balasubramanyam, J., and Hanumanthappa, H. (2013). “Low-cost synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles and their application in adsorption of commercial dye and heavy metal ion in aqueous solution.” Power Technol., 246(1), 125–136.
Yuan, G. D. (2004). “Natural and modified nanomaterials as sorbents of environmental contaminants.” J. Environ. Sci. Health, Part A, 39(10), 2661–2670.
Zhang, J. L., and Zhang, L. L. (2012). “Adsorption behaviors of heavy metal Pb(II) on clay.” Chin. J. Geotech. Eng., 34(9), 1584–1589 (in Chinese).
Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. L., and Gu, X. (2013). “Removal behaviors of heavy metal Pb(II) by use of bentonite.” Chin. J. Geotech. Eng., 35(1), 117–123 (in Chinese).
Zhu, R. L., Chen, Q. Z., Zhou, Q., Xi, Y. F., Zhu, J. X., and He, H. P. (2016). “Adsorbents based on montmorillonite for contaminant removal from water: A review.” Appl. Clay Sci., 123(1), 239–258.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 144 • Issue 2 • February 2018
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 8, 2017
Accepted: Jul 11, 2017
Published online: Nov 24, 2017
Published in print: Feb 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Apr 24, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.