Sorption of Cr (VI) onto Olive Stone in a Packed Bed Column: Prediction of Kinetic Parameters and Breakthrough Curves
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 136, Issue 12
Abstract
This paper investigates the ability of olive stone to remove chromium (VI) ions from aqueous solution in a packed bed up-flow column with an internal diameter of 1.5 cm. The experiments were performed with a bed height of 15 g (13.4 cm) and a flow rate of 2 mL/min. To predict the breakthrough curves and to determine the characteristic parameters of the column useful for process design, four kinetic models; Adams-Bohart, Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, and Dose-Response models were applied to the experimental data. All models were found suitable for describing the whole or a definite part of the dynamic behavior of the column. The simulation of the whole breakthrough curve was effective with the Dose-Response model, but the initial part of the breakthrough was best predicted by the Adams-Bohart model. On the other hand, the results indicated that, at pH values of this work, approximately 50% of Cr (VI) is biosorbed by olive stone and the other 50% is reduced to Cr (III), both processes being of equal importance. Therefore, a two-stage biosorption process was developed. The goal of these final experiments was to confirm that Cr (III) [the Cr (VI) reduction product] was also effectively sorbed by olive stone in a second column.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers are grateful to the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación for the financial support received (Grant No. UNSPECIFIEDCTM2005-03957/TECNO) in the realization of this work.
References
Akinbiyi, A. (2000). “Removal of lead from aqueous solutions by adsorption using peat moss.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Regina, Regina, Italy.
Blázquez, G., Hernáinz, F., Calero, M., Martín-Lara, M. A., and Tenorio, G. (2009). “The effect of pH on the biosorption of Cr (III) and Cr (VI) with olive stone.” Chem. Eng. J., 148(2–3), 473–479.
Boddu, V. M., Abburi, K., Talbott, J. L., and Smith, E. D. (2003). “Removal of hexavalent chromium from wastewater using a new composite chitosan biosorbent.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 37(19), 4449–4456.
Bohart, G. S., and Adams, E. Q. (1920). “Some aspects of the behaviour of the charcoal with respect chlorine.” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 42(3), 523–544.
Cabatingan, L. K., Agapay, R. C., Rakels, J. L. L., Ottens, M., and van der Wielen, L. A. M. (2001). “Potencial of biosorption for the recovery of chromate in industrial wastewater.” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 40(10), 2302–2309.
Calero, M., Hernáinz, F., Blázquez, G., Martín-Lara, M. A., and Tenorio, G. (2008). “Equilibrium modelling of Cr (VI) biosorption by olive stone.” Waste management and the environment IV, M. Zamorano, V. Popov, A. Kungolos, C. A. Brebbia, and H. Itoh, eds., WIT, Boston, U.K., 827–836.
Calero, M., Hernáinz, F., Blázquez, G., Tenorio, G., and Martín-Lara, M. A. (2009). “Study of Cr (III) biosorption in a fixed-bed column.” J. Hazard. Mater., 171(1–3), 886–893.
Cristiani-Urbina, E., López-Nuñez, P. V., Netzahuatl-Muñoz, A. R., Cristiani-Urbina, M. D. C., and Morales-Barrera, L. (2009). “Characterization of Cr(VI) reduction and chromium biosorption by Prunus domestica bark.” New Biol., 25(1), S259.
Cussler, E. L. (1997). Difussion-mass transfer in fluid systems, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U.K.
Dean, S. A., and Tobin, J. M. (1999). “Uptake of chromium cations and anions by milled peat.” Resour. Conserv. Recycl., 27(1–2), 151–156.
Demirbas, E., Kobya, M., Senturk, E., and Ozkan, T. (2004). “Adsorption kinetics for the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solutions on the activated carbons prepared from agricultural wastes.” Water SA, 30(4), 533–539.
Gardea-Torresdey, J. L., et al. (2000). “Characterization of Cr(VI) binding and reduction to Cr(III) by the agricultural byproducts of Avena monida (oat) biomass.” J. Hazard. Mater., 80(1–3), 175–188.
Ghosh, P. K. (2009). “Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] removal by acid modified waste activated carbons.” J. Hazard. Mater., 171(1–3), 116–122.
Gokhale, S. V., Jyoti, K. K., and Lele, S. S. (2009). “Modeling of chromium (VI) biosorption by immobilized Spirulina platensis in packed column.” J. Hazard. Mater., 170(2–3), 735–743.
Hamadi, N. K., Chen, X. D., Farid, M. M., and Lu, M. G. Q. (2001). “Adsorption kinetics for the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution by adsorbents derived from used tyres and sawdust.” Chem. Eng. J., 84(2), 95–105.
Jain, M., Garg, V. K., and Kadirvelub, K. (2009). “Chromium(VI) removal from aqueous system using Helianthus annuus (sunflower) stem waste.” J. Hazard. Mater., 162(1), 365–372.
Kratochvil, D., Pimentel, P., and Volesky, B. (1998). “Removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium by seeweed biosorbent.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 32(18), 2693–2698.
Mckay, G., and Bino, M. J. (1985). “Application of two resistance mass transfer models for the adsorption of dyes on peat.” J. Sep. Process Technol., 4(3), 1–7.
Park, D., Yun, Y. S., Jo, J. H., and Park, J. (2005a). “Mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by dead fungal biomass of Aspergillus niger.” Water Res., 39(4), 533–540.
Park, D., Yun, Y. S., and Park, J. M. (2004). “Reduction of hexavalent chromium with the brown seaweed Ecklonia biomass.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 38(18), 4860–4864.
Park, D., Yun, Y. S., and Park, J. M. (2005b). “Studies on hexavalent chromium biosorption by chemically-treated biomass of Ecklonia sp.” Chemosphere, 60(10), 1356–1364.
Raji, C., and Anirudhan, T. S. (1998). “Batch Cr(VI) removal by polyacrylamide-grafted sawdust: kinetics and thermodynamics.” Water Res., 32(12), 3772–3780.
Rivero Martínez, M. J. (2002). “Design styrene purification process by adsorption on alumnita.” Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Inorganic Chemistry, Univ. of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
Romero-González, J., Cano-Rodríguez, I., Walton, J. C., Peralta-Videa, J. R., Rodríguez, E., and Gardea-Torresdey, J. L. (2005). “A model to describe the adsorption and reduction of Cr (VI) from an aqueous solution by Agave lechuguilla biomass.” Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química, 4(3), 261–272.
Selomulya, C., Meeyoo, V., and Amal, R. (1999). “Mechanisms of Cr (VI) removal from water by various types of activated carbons.” J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 74(2), 111–122.
Senthilkumar, R., Vijayaraghavan, K., Thilakavathi, M., Iyer, P. V. R., and Velan, M. (2006). “Seaweeds for the remediation of wastewaters contaminated with zinc (II) ions.” J. Hazard. Mater., 136(3), 791–799.
Sharma, D. C., and Forster, C. F. (1995). “Column studies into the adsorption of chromium (VI) using Sphagnum moss peat.” Bioresour. Technol., 52(3), 261–267.
Singh, V. K., and Tiwari, P. N. (1997). “Removal and recovery of chromium (VI) from industrial waste water.” J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 69(3), 376–382.
Tewari, N., Vasuevan, P., and Guha, B. K. (2005). “Study on biosorption of Cr (VI) by Mucor hiemalis.” Biochem. Eng. J., 23(2), 185–192.
Thomas, H. C. (1944). “Heterogeneous ion exchange in a flowing system.” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 66(10), 1664–1666.
Vijayaraghavan, K., Jegan, J., Palanivelu, K., and Velan, M. (2005). “Batch and column removal of copper from aqueous solution using a brown marine alga Turbinaria ornate.” Chem. Eng. J., 106(2), 177–184.
Volesky, B. (1990). “Removal and recovery of heavy metals by biosorption.” Biosorption of heavy metals, B. Volesky, ed., CRC, Boca Raton, Fla., 7–44.
Yan, G. Y., Viraraghavan, T., and Chem, M. (2001). “A new model for heavy metal removal in a biosorption column.” Adsorpt. Sci. Technol., 19(1), 25–43.
Yoon, Y. H., and Nelson, J. H. (1984). “Application of gas adsorption kinetics. I: A theoretical model for respirator cartridge service life.” Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 45(8), 509–516.
Zinkus, G. A., Byers, W. D., and Doerr, W. W. (1998). “Identify appropriate water reclamation technologies.” Chem. Eng. Prog., 94(5), 19–31.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2010 ASCE.
History
Received: Jan 16, 2010
Accepted: Jun 1, 2010
Published online: Jun 3, 2010
Published in print: Dec 2010
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.