Conceptual Model for the Safe Withdrawal of Freshwater from Coastal Aquifers
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 10
Abstract
The effect of subsurface barrier on the motion of the saltwater—freshwater interface in coastal aquifers is analyzed for wide ranging freshwater pumping scenarios. A Galerkin finite-element model considering sharp interface approach is used for this purpose. A semi-pervious subsurface barrier extending up to impervious bottom of the aquifer is considered at certain distance inland, parallel to the seacoast. The effect of barrier is analyzed in checking the advancement of the saltwater-freshwater interface under different scenarios of freshwater withdrawals at seaward and landward locations of the barrier and compared with nonbarrier conditions. The results indicated that barrier is able to check the advancement of the intrusion significantly and in certain cases, the progress is completely stalled for withdrawals on the landward side. Also, marked variations in the interface profile are observed as compared to no barrier condition, especially, for the seaward freshwater developments. From the model, nearest possible locations from the seacoast have been worked out for the safe withdrawal of freshwater where their effects are negligible on the saltwater advancement.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Atkinson, S. F., Miller, G. D., Curry, D. S., and Lee, S. B. (1986). Salt water intrusion: Status and potential in the contiguous United States, Lewis, Boca Raton, Fla., 312.
Barlow, P. M. (2003). “Groundwater in freshwater-saltwater environments of the Atlantic coast.” USGS Circular No. 1262, USGS, Va., 159.
Basri, M. H. (2001). “Two new methods for optimal design of subsurface barrier to control seawater intrusion.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Manitoba, Canada.
Bear, J. (1977). “On the aquifer’s integrated balance equations.” Adv. Water Resour., 1(1), 15–23.
Bear, J. (1979). Hydraulics of groundwater, McGraw-Hill, New York, 567.
Bear, J., Cheng, A. H.-D., Sorek, S., Ouazar, D., and Herrera, I. (1999). Seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers—Concepts, methods and practices, Kluwer Academic,Boston.
Bruington, A. E., and Seares, F. D. (1965). “Operating a sea water barrier project.” J. Irrig. and Drain. Div., 91(IR1), 117–140.
Charmonman, S. (1965). “Solution of pattern of freshwater flow in an unconfined coastal aquifer.” J. Geophys. Res., 12, 2813–2819.
Cheng, A. H.-D., and Ouazar, D. (2003). Coastal aquifer management: Monitoring, modeling and case studies, CRC, Boca Raton, Fla.
Essaid, H. I. (1986). “A comparison of the coupled freshwater-saltwater flow and the Ghyben-Herzberg sharp interface approaches to modeling of transient behavior in coastal aquifer systems.” J. Hydrol., 86(1–2), 169–193.
Essaid, H. I. (1990). “A multi-layered sharp interface model of coupled fresh water and saltwater in coastal systems: Model development and application.” Water Resour. Res., 26(7), 1431–1454.
Hanson, G., and Nilsson, A. (1986). “Groundwater dams for rural water supplies in developing countries.” Ground Water, 24(4), 497–506.
Hill, M. C. (1988). “A comparison of coupled freshwater sharp interface and convective dispersive models of saltwater intrusion in a layered aquifer system.” Modeling surface and subsurface flow: Development in water science services, Vol. 35, M. A. Celia, L. A. Ferrand, C. A. Brebbia, W. G. Gray, and G. F. Pinder, eds., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 211–216.
Hunt, B. (1985). “Some analytical solutions for sea water intrusion control with recharge wells.” J. Hydrol., 80(1–2), 9–18.
Kashef, A. A. I. (1976). “Control of salt water intrusion by recharge wells.” J. Irrig. and Drain. Div., 102(IR4), 445–457.
Knox, R. C. (1983). “Effectiveness of impermeable barrier for retardation of pollutant migration.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla., 162.
Mahesha, A. (1995). “Parametric studies on the advancing interface in coastal aquifers due to linear variation of freshwater level.” Water Resour. Res., 31(10), 2437–2442.
Mahesha, A. (1996). “Transient effect of battery of injection wells on seawater intrusion.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 122(5), 266–271.
Mohan Babu, M. (1999). “Effect of spatially varied hydraulic conductivity on saltwater intrusion.” MTech thesis, National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal, India, 103.
Nagata, S., Enami, M., Nagata, J., Katoh, T., and Okamoto, M. (1993). “Design and construction of cut-off walls for subsurface dams on Amami and Ryukyu islands of southeastern part of Japan.” International Association of Hydrogeologists, 2, 45–63.
Nagata, S., and Kawasaki, S. (1997). “Hydrogeological development of subsurface dams.” Rep., Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan, Tokyo.
Nutbrown, D. A. (1976). “Optimal pumping regimes in an unconfined coastal aquifer.” J. Hydrol., 31, 271–280.
Osuga, K. (1996). “Miyakojima underground dam: New technology for water resources development.” Rep., Japan Agricultural Land Development Agency, Tokyo.
Pinder, G., and Stothoff, S. (1988). “Can the sharp interface salt water model capture transient behavior?” Proc., 7th Int. Conf. on Comp. Meth. Water Resour., Elsevier, New York, 217–222.
Reichard, E. G., and Johnson, T. A. (2005). “Assessment of regional management strategies for controlling seawater intrusion.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 131(4), 280–291.
Reilly, T. E., and Goodman, A. S. (1985). “Quantitative analysis of saltwater-freshwater relationships in groundwater systems—A historical perspective.” J. Hydrol., 80(1–2), 125–160.
Rogoshewski, P., Bryson, H., and Wagnor, K. (1983). “Remedial action technology for waste disposal sites.” Pollution Technology Review No. 101, Park Ridge, N.J.
Rumer, R. R., Jr., and Harleman, D. R. F. (1963). ““Intruded salt water wedge in porous media”. J. Hydr. Div., 89(HY6), 193–220.
Sa da Costa, A. A. G., and Wilson, J. L. (1979). “A numerical model of seawater intrusion in aquifers.” Rep. No. 247, Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory for Water Resources and Hydrodynamics, Dept. of Civil Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Mass.
Schroeder, D. J., Harley, B. M., and Mejia, P. E. C. (1989). “Sea water intrusion barrier evaluated with 3-D groundwater models.” Water Eng. Manage., 136(2), 26–29.
Sheahan, N. T. (1977). “Injection/extraction well system—A unique sea water intrusion barrier.” Ground Water, 15(1), 32–50.
Sugio, S., and Nakada, K. (1984). “Protection of groundwater reservoir against saltwater intrusion.” Protection of groundwater reservoir against saltwater intrusion, A. Das Gupta and A. Arbhabhirama, eds., Vol 2, Secretariat of APD—IAMR, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand, 1567–1578.
Sugio, S., Nakada, K., and Urish, D. W. (1987). “Subsurface seawater intrusion barrier analysis.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 113(6), 767–779.
Todd, D. K. (1974). “Saltwater and its control.” J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 66(3), 180–187.
Todd, D. K. (1980). Groundwater hydrology, Wiley, New York.
U.S. Army Environmental Center. (2002). Remediation technologies screening matrix and reference guide version 4.0, General Contacts of Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable Agencies, Md.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1987). “Ground water handbook.” Groundwater Rep. No. EPA/625/6–87/016, Office of Research and Development, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, Ada, Okla.
Williams, D. (1977). “The Dashte-Naz groundwater barrier and recharge project.” Ground Water, 15(1), 23–31.
Willis, R., and Finney, B. A. (1988). “Planning model for optimal control of salt water intrusion.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 114(2), 163–177.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 135 • Issue 10 • October 2009
Pages: 980 - 988
Copyright
© 2009 ASCE.
History
Received: Jul 22, 2008
Accepted: Mar 18, 2009
Published online: Mar 20, 2009
Published in print: Oct 2009
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.