Behavior of CFRP-Prestressed Concrete Beams under Sustained Load at Low Temperature
Publication: Journal of Cold Regions Engineering
Volume 27, Issue 1
Abstract
The behavior of precast concrete beams prestressed using carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) rods was studied under the combined effects of sustained load and low temperature. Three 13-year-old concrete T-beams were tested, including two with CFRP rods stressed to different levels and one with steel prestressing strands. Test beams were exposed to while being subjected to a sustained load of 25% of their flexural strength for 163 days. The sustained load was equivalent to the service load level and produced cracking in two of the beams with the lower prestress levels. Results were then compared to those obtained from a set of similar beams subjected to the same sustained load at room temperature. Deflection increase under sustained load at low temperature was generally small and similar to that at room temperature. Prestressing strain decreased as the temperature decreased in the CFRP-prestressed beams. Exposure to low temperature likely contributed to a 19% reduction in strength and a change in failure mode from flexure to bond failure.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers are indebted to Professor Khaled Soudki (Univ. of Waterloo, Canada) for designing the beams used in this study and to Pre-Con Ltd. and Mr. Floyd Clapp (former Plant Manager, Belleville, ON) for fabricating the beams. Funding from Queen’s University, Bombardier, and Canada’s NSERC, Research Chairs, and MITACS Accelerate Programs is also highly appreciated. The experimental work in this paper would not have been possible without the excellent support of the technical staff at Queen’s University, especially Dave Tryon, Neil Porter, and Paul Thrasher.
References
Abdelrahman, A. A., and Rizkalla, S. H. (1997). “Serviceability of concrete beams prestressed by carbon fiber reinforced plastic bars.” ACI Struct. J., 94(4), 447–457.
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2004). “Prestressing concrete structures with FRP tendons.”, Farmington Hills, MI.
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2007). “Report on fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement for concrete structures.”, Farmington Hills, MI.
Braimah, A. (2000). “Long-term and fatigue behaviour of carbon fiber reinforced polymer prestressed concrete beams.” Ph.D. thesis, Queen’s Univ., Ontario, Canada.
Braimah, A., Green, M. F., and Soudki, K. A. (2003). “Long-term behaviour of CFRP prestressed concrete beams.” PCI J., 48(2), 98–107.
Currier, J. (1995). “Deformation of prestressed concrete beams with FRP tendons.” MS thesis, Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, WY.
Environment Canada. (2012). “Canadian climate normals 1971–2000.” 〈www.climate.weatheroffice.gc.ca〉 (Jan. 2012).
Fam, A. Z., Rizkalla, S. H., and Tadros, G. (1997). “Behavior of CFRP for prestressing and shear reinforcement of concrete highway bridges.” ACI Struct. J., 94(1), 77–86.
Grace, N. F., Enomoto, T., Abdel-Mohti, A., Tokal, Y., and Puravankara, S. (2008). “Flexural behavior of precast concrete box beams post-tensioned with unbonded, carbon-fiber-composite cables.” PCI J., 53(4), 62–82.
Grace, N. F., Roller, J. J., Navarre, F. C., Nacey, R. B., and Bonus, W. (2004). “Load testing a CFRP-reinforced bridge.” Concr. Int., 26(7), 51–57.
Johansen, R., and Best, C. H. (1962). “Creep of concrete with and without ice in the system.” RILEM Bull., 16, 47–57.
Keller, T. (2003). “Strengthening of concrete bridges with carbon cables and strips.” Proc., FRPRCS-6, Singapore, 1331–1340.
Matthys, S., and Taerwe, L. (1998). “Long-term behaviour of concrete slabs pre-tensioned with AFRP or prestressing steel.” Durability of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for construction, B. Benmokrane and H. Rahman, eds., 95–106.
Neville, A. M. (1995). Properties of concrete, Pearson Education, Harlow, England.
Rizkalla, S., and Tadros, G. (2003). “FRP for prestressing of concrete bridges in Canada.”, 75–90.
Saiedi, R. (2009). “Behaviour of CFRP-prestressed concrete beams under sustained loading and high-cycle fatigue at low temperature.” M.Sc. thesis, Queen’s Univ., Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Saiedi, R., Fam, A., and Green, M. F. (2011). “Behavior of CFRP-prestressed concrete beams under high-cycle fatigue at low temperature.” J. Compos. Constr., 15(4), 482–489.
Sen, R., Shahawy, M., Rosas, J., and Sukumar, S. (1999). “Durability of aramid fiber reinforced plastic pretensioned elements under tidal/thermal cycles.” ACI Struct. J., 96(1), 95–104.
Vogel, H., and Svecova, D. (2007). “Thermal compatibility and bond strength of FRP reinforcement in prestressed concrete applications.” J. Compos. Constr., 11(5), 459–468.
Youakim, S. A., and Karbhari, V. M. (2007). “An approach to determine long-term behavior of concrete members prestressed with FRP tendons.” Constr. Build. Mater., 21(5), 1052–1060.
Zou, P. X. W. (2003). “Long-term deflection and cracking behavior of concrete beams prestressed with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer tendons.” J. Compos. Constr., 7(3), 187–193.
Zou, P. X. W., and Shang, S. (2007). “Time-dependent behaviour of concrete beams pretensioned by carbon fibre-reinforced polymers (CFRP) tendons.” Constr. Build. Mater., 21(4), 777–788.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Cold Regions Engineering
Volume 27 • Issue 1 • March 2013
Pages: 1 - 15
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 28, 2011
Accepted: Jul 10, 2012
Published online: Jul 26, 2012
Published in print: Mar 1, 2013
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.