Technical Papers
Oct 27, 2016

Safety Assessment of Antiliquefaction Performance of a Constructed Reservoir Embankment. I: Experimental Assessment

Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 31, Issue 2

Abstract

Earthquake-induced liquefaction is a major threat to the safety of earth embankments. This paper presents an experiment-based safety assessment of antiliquefaction performance of a constructed reservoir embankment. This reservoir is a major project constructed in the middle of a tidal estuary in 2007 and supplies nearly half of the raw water for the Shanghai, China. The embankment was directly constructed on liquefiable foundation without reinforcement. Hence, it is essential to evaluate present antiliquefaction performance of this constructed embankment. The concept of performance-based design was introduced to the safety assessment. Dynamic centrifuge model tests are successfully applied to predict the seismic performances of the embankment. In order to reflect the real situation of the embankment, the materials and structures involved in the embankment were well replicated according to a scale rule. Moreover, the seismic wave used in model tests was determined according to the report of seismic safety of the site. Finally, the safety of antiliquefaction performance of the embankment was evaluated and discussed in light of the performance-based design concept.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

Adalier, K., and Sharp, M. K. (2004). “Embankment dam on liquefiable foundation-dynamic behavior and densification remediation.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 1214–1224.
Anbazhagan, P., Smitha, C. V., Kumar, A., and Chandran, D. (2013). “Estimation of design basis earthquake using region-specific Mmax, for the NPP site at Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India.” Nucl. Eng. Des., 259, 41–64.
Bolton, M. D., and Powrie, W. (1987). “The collapse of diaphragm walls retaining clay.” Geotechnique, 37(3), 335–353.
Chen, Z. Y., and Shen, H. (2014). “Dynamic centrifuge tests on isolation mechanism of tunnels subjected to seismic shaking.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol., 42, 67–77.
Chen, Z. Y., Yu, H., and Yuan, Y. (2014). “Full 3D seismic analysis of a long-distance water conveyance tunnel.” Struct. Infrastruct. Eng., 10(1), 128–140.
Dewoolkar, M. M., Ko, H. Y., and Pak, R. Y. S. (1999). “Centrifuge modelling of models of seismic effects on saturated earth structures.” Geotechnique, 49(2), 247–266.
Di, Y., Yang, J., and Sato, T. (2008). “Seismic performance of a river dike improved by sand compaction piles.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 381–390.
Hou, Y. J., Xu, Z. P., and Liang, J. H. (2004). “Centrifuge modeling of cutoff wall for CFRD built in deep overburden.” Proc., Int. Conf. of Hydropower, Yichang, China, 86–92.
Huang, J., and Zerva, A. (2014). “Earthquake performance assessment of concrete gravity dams subjected to spatially varying seismic ground motions.” Struct. Infrastruct. Eng., 10(8), 1011–1026.
Huang, Y., and Xiong, M. (2016). “Probability density evolution method for seismic liquefaction performance analysis of earth dam.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., in press.
Huang, Y., Ye, W., and Chen, Z. (2009). “Seismic response analysis of the deep saturated soil deposits in Shanghai.” Environ. Geol., 56(6), 1163–1169.
Huang, Y., Zhang, F., Yashima, A., and Ye, W. (2008). “Numerical simulation of mitigation for liquefaction-induced soil deformations in a sandy ground improved by cement grouting.” Environ. Geol., 55(6), 1247–1252.
Idriss, I. M., and Sun, J. I. (1991). “SHAKE91: A computer program for conducting equivalent linear seismic response analyses of horizontally layered soil deposits (with accompanying program).” Center for Geotechnical Modeling, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Press, Davis, CA.
Ko, H. Y. (1988). “Summary of the state-of-the-art in centrifuge model testing.” Centrifuges in soil mechanics, W. H. Craig, R. G. James, and A. N. Schofield, eds., A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 11–28.
Ko, H. Y. (1994). “Modeling seismic problems in centrifuges.” Proc., Int. Conf. on Centrifuge, Singapore, A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 3–12.
Kokusho, T., Ishizawa, T., and Koizumi, K. (2011). “Energy approach to seismically induced slope failure and its application to case histories.” Eng. Geol., 122(1), 115–128.
Krinitzsky, E. L., and Hynes, M. E. (2002). “The Bhuj, India, earthquake: Lessons learned for earthquake safety of dams on alluvium.” Eng. Geol., 66(3), 163–196.
Kutter, B. L. (1995). “Recent advances in centrifuge modeling of seismic shaking.” Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics, Vol. 2, Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 927–941.
Madabhushi, S. P. G. (1994). “Effect of pore fluid in dynamic centrifuge modelling.” Proc., Int. Conf. on Centrifuge, Singapore, A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 127–132.
Matsuo, O. (1996). “Damage to river dikes.” Soils Found., 36(1), 235–240.
Ministry of Construction of China. (2010). “Code for seismic design of buildings.”, Beijing.
Moehle, J. P. (1992). “Displacement-based design of RC structures subjected to earthquakes.” Earthquake Spectra, 8(3), 403–428.
Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute. (2012). “Specification for test and measurement of geosynthetics.”, Beijing (in Chinese).
Newmark, N. M. (1965). “Effects of earthquakes on dams and embankments.” Geotechnique, 15(2), 139–160.
Priestley, M. J. N. (2000). “Performance based seismic design.” Bull. N.Z. Soc. Earthquake Eng., 33(3), 325–346.
Saleh, S., and Madabhushi, S. P. G. (2010). “An investigation into the seismic behaviour of dams using dynamic centrifuge modelling.” Bull. Earthquake Eng., 8(6), 1479–1495.
Seed, H. B. (1979). “Considerations in the earthquake-resistant design of earth and rockfill dams.” Geotechnique, 29(3), 215–263.
Shen, S. L., Han, J., Zhu, H. H., and Hong, Z. S. (2005). “Evaluation of a dike damaged by pile driving in soft clay.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 300–307.
Sherard, J. L. (1967). “Earthquake considerations in earth dam design.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 93(4), 377–401.
Sica, S., and Pagano, L. (2009). “Performance-based analysis of earth dams: Procedures and application to a sample case.” Soils Found., 49(6), 921–939.
Singh, R., Roy, D., and Jain, S. K. (2005). “Analysis of earth dams affected by the 2001 Bhuj earthquake.” Eng. Geol., 80(3), 282–291.
Stewart, D. P., Chen, Y. R., and Kutter, B. L. (1998). “Experience with the use of methylcellulose as a viscous pore fluid in centrifuge models.” ASTM Geotech. Test. J., 21(4), 365–369.
Su, H., Hu, J., and Wen, Z. (2011). “Service life predicting of dam systems with correlated failure modes.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 252–269.
Sun, L. Y., Wen, X. M., Yu, N., Chen, L. Q., Li, E. C. and Feng, D. X. (2013). “Community structure of metazoan zooplankton in Qingcaosha Reservior, Shanghai.” J. Fudan Univ. (Nat. Sci.), 52(1), 119–128 (in Chinese).
Tongji University. (1992). “The research report of seismic microzonation of Shanghai.” Shanghai, China.
Uddin, N. (2002). “Assessment and rehabilitation of embankment dams.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 176–184.
Wang, K. L., and Lin, M. L. (2011). “Initiation and displacement of landslide induced by earthquake—A study of shaking table model slope test.” Eng. Geol., 122(1), 106–114.
Wartman, J., Rondinel-Oviedo, E. A., and Rodriguez-Marek, A. (2006). “Performance and analyses of mechanically stabilized earth walls in the Tecoman, Mexico earthquake.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 287–299.
Yea, G. G., Kim, T. H., Kim, J. H., and Kim, H. Y. (2012). “Rehabilitation of the core zone of an earth-fill dam.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 485–495.
Zhu, C. Q., and Huang, Y. (2016). “Safety assessment of antiliquefaction performance of a constructed reservoir embankment. II: Numerical assessment.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., .

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 31Issue 2April 2017

History

Received: Dec 1, 2015
Accepted: Aug 30, 2016
Published online: Oct 27, 2016
Discussion open until: Mar 27, 2017
Published in print: Apr 1, 2017

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Professor, Dept. of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]
Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China. E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share