Seismic Upgrade of Existing Buildings with Fluid Viscous Dampers: Design Methodologies and Case Study
Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 29, Issue 6
Abstract
Existing structures may be in need of seismic upgrading owing to structural deterioration, change in function or use, increased performance requirements, or modified seismic codes. In recent years, fluid viscous (FV) dampers have received increasing attention because of their notable seismic-reduction capacity and easy installation. This paper outlines the design procedure of seismic upgrading of existing buildings using FV dampers. Discussions are made on some key issues for seismic upgrading using FV dampers, including the analytical damper-brace model under large earthquakes and strategies for damper layout. A case study is made, in which a 21-story hotel built in 1991 was seismic upgraded. One special feature of this project is that only the first six stories can be structurally modified, resulting in limitations on the damper layout. According to the proposed design procedure, 56 FV dampers are suggested for this project, which provide a supplemental damping ratio of 5.3%. As a result, the seismic responses of upper stories could be significantly reduced, which avoids damaging the decoration of the building above its sixth story and enables short and economic construction.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grant No. 51378107 and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu under Grant No. BK2011611 is gratefully appreciated.
References
Arab, A. A., Panahshahi, N., Siegfried, D. L., and Darvish, J. (2001). “Rehabilitation of a St. Louis water reservoir for immediate occupancy for a 2500 year earthquake event using nonlinear seismic dampers.” Structures 2001, ASCE, Reston, VA, 1–11.
Building Center of Japan (BSJ). (2000). Building standard law, Tokyo (in Japanese).
Constantinou, M. C., Tsopelas, P., Hammel, W., and Sigaher, A. N. (2001). “Toggle-brace-damper seismic energy dissipation systems.” J. Struct. Eng., 105–112.
European Committee for Standardization (CEN). (2004). “Design of structures for earthquake resistance. 1: General rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings.” Eurocode 8, E.N. Brussels, Belgium.
Gonzalez, D., Ash, C., Brown, W., Ahlport, J., and Abdi, M. (2013). “Seismic retrofit of a 1960’s steel-frame industrial building in Washington State using viscous dampers.” Structures Congress 2013: Bridging Your Passion with Your Profession, ASCE, Reston, VA, 1046–1057.
Hancock, J., et al. (2006). “An improved method of matching response spectra of recorded earthquake ground motion using wavelets.” J. Earthquake Eng., 10(S1), 67–89.
Hanson, R. D., and Soong, T. T. (2001). Seismic design with supplemental energy dissipation devices, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Oakland, CA.
Hwang, J. S., Huang, Y., Yi, S., and Ho, S. (2008). “Design formulations for supplemental viscous dampers to building structures.” J. Struct. Eng., 22–31.
Hwang, J. S., Lin, W. C., and Wu, N. J. (2013). “Comparison of distribution methods for viscous damping coefficients to buildings.” Struct. Infrastruct. Eng., 9(1), 28–41.
International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO). (1997). Uniform building code, Whittier, CA.
Kandemir, E. C., Mazda, T., Nurui, H., and Miyamoto, H. (2011). “Seismic retrofit of an existing steel arch bridge using viscous damper.” Procedia Eng., 14, 2301–2306.
Kim, J., and Choi, H. (2006). “Displacement-based design of supplemental dampers for seismic retrofit of a framed structure.” J. Struct. Eng., 873–883.
Lee, D., and Taylor, D. P. (2001). “Viscous damper development and future trends.” Struct. Des. Tall Build., 10(5), 311–320.
Luttrell, K. A., and Ross, A. E. (2009). “Viscous dampers used to renovate twin 17-story state buildings.” ATC andSEI 2009 Conf. on Improving the Seismic Performance of Existing Buildings and Other Structures, ASCE, Reston, VA, 967–978.
Martinez-Rodrigo, M., and Romero, M. L. (2003). “An optimum retrofit strategy for moment resisting frames with nonlinear viscous dampers for seismic applications.” Eng. Struct., 25(7), 913–925.
Ministry of Housing, and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China (MHURD-PRC). (2009). “Standard for seismic appraisal of buildings.” GB 50023-2009, Beijing (in Chinese).
MHURD-PRC. (2010a). “Code for seismic design of buildings.” Chinese design code, GB 50011-2010, Beijing (in Chinese).
MHURD-PRC. (2010b). “Code for seismic design of buildings technical specification for concrete structures of tall building.”, Beijing (in Chinese).
Miyamoto, K., Gilani, A. S. J., and Glasgow, R. S. (2007). “Seismic retrofit of a hospital building with supplementary damping devices.” 2007 Structures Congress: New Horizons and Better Practices, ASCE, Reston, VA, 1–10.
Robert, R. (2012). Earthquakes and engineers: An international history, ASCE, Reston, VA, 486–487.
SAP2000 version 15.0.0 [Computer software]. Berkeley, CA, Computer and Structures.
Sarkisian, M., Lee, P., Hu, L., Garai, R., Tsui, T., and Reis, E. (2013). “Achieving enhanced seismic design using viscous damping device technologies.” Structures Congress 2013: Bridging Your Passion with Your Profession, ASCE, Reston, VA, 2729–2744.
Soong, T. T., and Dargush, G. F. (1997). Passive energy dissipation systems in structural engineering, Wiley, New York.
Sorace, S., and Terenzi, G. (2006). “Seismic protection of frame structures by fluid viscous damped braces.” J. Struct. Eng., 45–55.
Standards New Zealand (NZS). (1992). “Code of practice for general structural design and design loadings for buildings.” NZS 4203, Wellington, New Zealand.
Whittle, J. K., Williams, M. S., Karavasilis, T. L., and Blakeborough, A. (2012). “A comparison of viscous damper placement methods for improving seismic building design.” J. Earthquake Eng., 16(4), 540–560.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 31, 2014
Accepted: Aug 6, 2014
Published online: Oct 1, 2014
Discussion open until: Mar 1, 2015
Published in print: Dec 1, 2015
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.