Case Studies
May 14, 2012

Nondestructive Assessment of a Jetty Bridge Structure Using Impact-Echo and Shear-Wave Techniques

Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 18, Issue 8

Abstract

In the current investigation, nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques were applied to evaluate the condition of existing jetty bridge structure. The structure serves as an access point for the loading and unloading of various oil products. The nondestructive strategies included crack-opening measurements using the concrete crack microscope, impact-echo test to measure the depth of the different cracks, and shear-wave testing to detect various defects inside the concrete girders and prestressed ducts. Two AASHTO girders of the jetty were chosen to carry out the various NDTs. The primary objectives of the tests are to assess the overall general condition of the structure and to provide recommendations that could be used to maintain the jetty for its current usage. The combination of the two nondestructive techniques (impact-echo and shear-wave) enabled inspectors to visualize the extension of the cracks in three dimensions and to specify the location of various regions of deterioration within the structural members with a satisfactory level of efficiency. Repair recommendations for the damaged regions were made to maintain safe and economic operation of the Jetty’s facilities.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

This research is granted by the Natural Science and Engineering Council of Canada (NSERC) and received with appreciation. Sincere thanks are due to the members at SNC-Lavalin Inc./Bae-Newplan, Newfoundland, for their assistance during the project.

References

ASTM. (2004). “Standard test method for measuring the P-wave speed and the thickness of concrete plates using the impact-echo method.” ASTM C1383, West Conshohocken, PA.
Beutel, R., et al. (2008). “Comparative performance tests and validation of NDT methods for concrete testing.” J. Nondestruct. Eval., 27(1–3), 59–65.
Elbern, A. W., and Guimarăes, L. (2000). “Synthetic aperture focusing technique for image restoration.” 〈http://www.ndt.net/article/v05n08/elbern/elbern.htm〉 (July 10, 2011).
Evangelista, A. C. J., Shehata, I. A. E. M., and Shehata, L. C. D. (2005). “Evaluation of the compressive strength of concrete by different nondestructive methods.” Special Pub. ACI J., 229, 319–332.
Ferraro, C. C., and Boyd, A. J. (2007). “Detection and assessment of structural flaws in concrete bridges with NDT methods.” Res. Nondestruct. Eval., 18(3), 179–192.
Ferraro, C. C., Boyd, A. J., and Hamilton, H. R. (2007). “Detection and assessment of structural flaws in concrete bridges with NDT methods.” Res. Nondestruct. Eval., 18(3), 179–192.
Ferreira, R. M., and Jalali, S. (2010). “NDT measurements for the prediction of 28-day compressive strength.” NDT Int., 43(2), 55–61.
Gassman, S. L., and Zein, A. S. (2008). “Change in impact-echo response during fatigue loading of concrete bridge T-girder.” ACI Mater. J., 105(4), 395–403.
Hill, M., McHugh, J., and Turner, J. (2000). “Cross-sectional modes in impact-echo testing of concrete structures.” J. Struct. Eng., 126(2), 228–234.
Krause, M., Mielentz, F., Milman, B., Müller, W., Schmitz, V., and Wiggenhauser, H. (2001). “Ultrasonic imaging of concrete members using an array system.” NDT&E International 34(9), 403–408.
Matsuyama, K., Yamada, M., and Ohtsu, M. (2010). “On-site measurement of delamination and surface crack in concrete structure by visualized NDT.” Construct. Build. Mater., 24(12), 2381–2387.
McCann, D. M., and Forde, M. C. (2001). “Review of NDT methods in the assessment of concrete and masonry structures.” NDT Int., 34(2), 71–84.
Mietz, J., and Fischer, J. (2007). “Evaluation of NDT methods for detection of prestressing steel damage at post-tensioned concrete structures.” Mat. Corrosion, 58(10), 789–794.
Puri, S., and Moser, D. E. (2007). “Condition assessment of unbonded post-tensioning strands.” Concr. Inst., 29(4), 60–64.
Sack, D. A., and Olson, L. D. (1995). “High speed NDT of concrete using impact echo scanning.” Proc. Eng. Mech., 1, 449–452.
Sansalone, M. (1997). “Impact-echo: The complete story.” Struct. J. Am. Concrete Inst., 94(6), 777–786.
Sansalone, M., and Carino, N. J. (1986). “Impact-echo: A method for flaw detection in concrete using transient stress waves.” NBSIR 86-3452, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, MD.
Sansalone, M., andStreett, W. B. (1997). Impact-echo: Non-destructive evaluation of concrete and masonry, Bullbrier Press, Jersey Shore, PA.
Sansalone, M. J., Lin, J. M., and Streett, W. B. (1998). “Determining the depth of surface-opening cracks using impact-generated stress waves and time-of-flight techniques.” ACI Mater. J., 95(2), 168–177.
Yehia, S., Abudayyeh, O., Nabulsi, S., and Abdelqader, I. (2007). “Detection of common defects in concrete bridge decks using nondestructive evaluation techniques.” J. Bridge Eng., 12(2), 215–226.
Zein, A. S., and Gassman, S. L. (2010). “Frequency spectrum analysis of impact-echo waveforms for t-beams.” J. Bridge Eng., 15(6), 705–714.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Bridge Engineering
Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 18Issue 8August 2013
Pages: 801 - 809

History

Received: Sep 28, 2011
Accepted: May 11, 2012
Published online: May 14, 2012
Published in print: Aug 1, 2013

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Lecturer, Faculty of Engineering, Minoufiya Univ., Shebin El-Kom, Egypt; and Post Doctorate Fellow, Faculty of Engineering, Ryerson Univ., Toronto, ON, Canada M5B 2K3 (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]
Chair and Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science Engineering, Ryerson Univ., Toronto, ON, Canada M5B 2K3. E-mail: [email protected]
Associate Professor and Chair, Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Applied Science, Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada A1B 3X5. E-mail: [email protected]
Projects Manager, SNC-Lavalin Inc./Bae-Newplan Group, 1133 Topsail Rd., Mount Pearl, NL, Canada A1N 5G2. E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share