Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Repair to Extend Service Life of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Beams
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 9, Issue 2
Abstract
This paper presents the results of an experimental study designed to investigate the viability of using externally bonded carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates to extend the service life of corroded reinforced concrete (RC) beams. A total of 14 beams, each, were tested. Three beams were not corroded; two of them were strengthened by CFRP laminates, while one specimen was kept as a virgin. The remaining 11 beams were subjected to different levels of corrosion damage up to a 31% steel mass loss using an impressed current technique. Six of the corroded beams were repaired with CFRP laminates, whereas the remaining five beams were not repaired. Eventually, all specimens were tested to failure under four-point bending. Corrosion of the steel reinforcement significantly reduced the load-carrying capacity of RC beams. At all levels of corrosion damage, CFRP repair increased the ultimate strengths of the corroded beams to levels higher than the strength of the virgin beam but significantly reduced the deflection capacity.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work is supported in part by research funding from the Network of Centers of Excellence ISIS Canada on Intelligent Sensing for Innovative Structures, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), the Ministry of Training—Colleges and Universities (OGS Scholarship), and Sika Canada for the donation of CFRP composites. Their contributions are greatly appreciated. The authors wish to thank the civil engineering technicians at the University of Waterloo for their help throughout the testing.
References
Almusallam A. (2001). “Effect of degree of corrosion on the properties of reinforcing steel bars.” Constr. Build. Mater., 15, 361–368.
Almusallam, A., Al-Gahtani, A. S., Aziz, A. R., and Rasheeduzzafar. (1996). “Effect of reinforcement corrosion on bond strength.” Constr. Build. Mater., 10(2), 123–129.
Andrade, C., Alonso, C., Garcia, D., and Rodriguez, J. (1991). ‘Remaining lifetimes of reinforced concrete structures: Effect of corrosion on the mechanical properties of the steel.“ Int. Conf. on Life Prediction of Corrodible Structures, NACE, Cambridge, U.K., 546–557.
Andrade, C., Alonso, C., and Gonzalez, J. A. (1990). “An initial effort to use the corrosion rate measurements for estimating rebar durability.” Corrosion Rates of Steel in Concrete, ASTM STP-1065, 29–37.
Andrade, C., Alonso, C., and Molina, F. J. (1993). “Cover cracking as a function of bar corrosion: Part I—Experimental test.” Mater. Struct., 26, 453–464.
ASTM. (2002). “Standard practice for preparing, cleaning, and evaluating corrosion test specimens.” ASTM G 1-90, West Conshohoken, Pa.
Bonacci, J. F., and Maalej, M. (2000). “Externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer for rehabilitation of corrosion damaged concrete beams.” ACI Struct. J., 97(5), 703–711.
Bonacci, J., et al. (1998). “Laboratory simulation of corrosion in reinforced concrete and repair with CFRP wraps.” Annual Conf. of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineering, Montreal, 653–662.
Branson, D. E. (1977). Deformation of Concrete Structures, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Craig, B. C., and Soudki, K. A. (2002). “Confining effects of CFRP laminates on corroded concrete members.” Int. Conf. on Durability of Composites for Construction, Montreal, 383–395.
Debaiky, A., Green, M., and Hope, B. (2002). “Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer wraps for corrosion control and rehabilitation of reinforced concrete columns.” ACI Mater. J., 99(2), 129–137.
Eligehausen, R., Ozbolt, J., and Mayer, U. (1998). “Contribution of concrete between cracks at inelastic steel strains and conclusions for the optimization of bond.” Bond and development length of reinforcement: A tribute to Dr. Peter Gergely, ACI SP-180, R., Leon, ed., American Concrete Institute, Detroit, 45–80.
El Maaddawy, T., and Soudki, K. (2003). “Effectiveness of impressed current technique to simulate corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 15(1), 41–47.
Federation International du Beton (FIP. (2000). Bond of reinforcement in concrete, state-of-art report, Int. Federation for Structural Concrete, Switzerland.
Hearn, N., and Aiello, J. (1998). “Effect of mechanical restraint on the rate of corrosion in concrete.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 24, 81–88.
Laoubi, K., El-Salakawy, E., Pigeon, M., and Benmokrane, B. (2002). “Behavior of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars under sustained load and freeze/thaw cycles.” Durability of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for construction-CDCC 02, Montreal, 453–465.
Lee, C., et al. (2000). “Accelerated corrosion and repair of reinforced concrete columns using fibre reinforced polymer sheets.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 27(5), 941–948.
Lee, H., Tomosawa, F., Masuda, Y., and Kage, T. (1997). “Effect of CFRP sheets on flexural strengthening of RC beams damaged by corrosion of tension rebar.” 3rd Int. Symposium on Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, Sapporo, Japan, 435–442.
Masoud, S., Soudki, K., and Topper, T. (2001). “CFRP-strengthened and corroded RC beams under monotonic and fatigue loads.” J. Compos. Constr., 5(4), 228–236.
Pantazopoulou, S., Bonacci, J., Sheikh, S., Thomas, M., and Hearn, N. (2001). “Repair of corrosion-damaged columns with FRP wraps.” J. Compos. Constr., 5(1), 3–11.
Soudki, K. A., and Sherwood, T. G. (2000). “Behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminates subjected to corrosion damage.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 27(5), 1005–1010.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 9 • Issue 2 • April 2005
Pages: 187 - 194
Copyright
© 2005 ASCE.
History
Received: Nov 13, 2003
Accepted: Jul 7, 2004
Published online: Apr 1, 2005
Published in print: Apr 2005
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.