Seismic Behavior of Steel Girder Bridge Superstructures
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 9, Issue 3
Abstract
Recent earthquakes exposed the vulnerabilities of steel plate girder bridges when subjected to ground shaking. This paper discusses the behavior of steel plate girder bridges during recent earthquakes such as Petrolia, Northridge, and Kobe. The paper also discusses the recent experimental and analytical investigations that were conducted on steel plate girder bridges and their components. Results of these investigations showed the importance of shear connectors in distributing and transferring the lateral forces to the end and intermediate cross frames. Also, these investigations showed the potential of using end cross frames as ductile elements that can be used to dissipate the earthquake input energy. The paper also gives an update on specifications and guidelines for the seismic design of steel plate girder bridges in the United States.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). (1998). AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications, 2nd Ed., Washington, D.C.
Astaneh-Asl, A., Bolt, B., McMullin, K. M., Donikian, R. R., Modjtahedi, D., and Cho, S. (1994). “Seismic performance of steel bridges during the 1994 Northridge Earthquake.” Rep. No. UCB/CE-STEEL-94/01, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of California at Berkeley, Calif.
Bruneau, M., Wilson, J. W., and Tremblay, R.(1996). “Performance of steel bridges during the 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu (Kobe, Japan) earthquake.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 23(3), 678–713.
Buckle, I. G., Mayes, R. L., and Button, M. R. (1986). “Seismic design and retrofit manual for highway bridge,” Rep. No. FHWA-IP-87-6, U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.
California Department of Transportation. (1992). PEQIT Report—Highway Bridge Damage-Petrolia Earthquakes No. 1, No. 2, No. 3. of April 25–26, 1992, California Department of Transportation, Sacramento, Calif.
Carden, L. P., Garcia-Alvarez, F., Itani, A. M., and Buckle, I. B. (2001). “Cyclic response of steel plate girder bridges in the transverse direction.” Proc. 2001 Caltrans Seismic Conf. (CD Rom), Sacramento, Calif.
Fehling, E., Pauli, W., and Bouwkamp, J. G. (1992). “Use of vertical shear links in eccentric braced frames.” Proc. 10th World Conf. On Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 9, Madrid, 4475–4479.
Itani, A. M., and Rimal, P. P.(1996). “Seismic analysis and design of modern steel highway connectors.” Earthquake Spectra, 12(2), 275–296.
Kasai, K., and Popov, E. P.(1986). “Cyclic web buckling control for shear link beams.” J. Struct. Eng., 112(3), 505–523.
Malley, J. O., and Popov, E. P. (1983). “Design considerations for shear links in eccentric braced frames.” EERC Rep. 83-24, University of California, Berkeley, Calif.
Ministry of Construction (1995). Investigation of damage to highway bridges from the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake—Preliminary report (in Japanese), Rep. Ministry of Construction—Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake Committee on Highway Bridge Damage Prevention, Tokyo, Japan.
Nakashima, M.(1995). “Strain hardening behavior of shear panels made of low-yield steel. I: Test.” J. Struct. Eng., 121(12), 1742–1749.
Patty, J., Seible, F., and Uang, C. (2001). “Longitudinal seismic response of concrete substructure steel superstructure intergral bridge connections.” Proc. 2001 Caltrans Seismic Conf. (CD Rom), Sacramento, Calif.
Priestley, M. J. N., Seible, F., and Calvi, G. M. (1996). Seismic design and retrofit of highway bridges, Wiley, New York.
Sarraf, M., and Bruneau, M.(1998a). “Ductile seismic retrofit of steel deck-truss bridges. I: Strategy and modeling.” J. Struct. Eng., 124(11), 1253–1262.
Sarraf, M., and Bruneau, M.(1998b). “Ductile seismic retrofit of steel deck-truss bridges. II: Design applications.” J. Struct. Eng., 124(11), 1263–1271.
Tsai, K. C., Chen, H. W., Hong, C. P., and Su, Y. F.(1993). “Design of steel triangular plate energy absorbers for seismic-resistance construction.” Earthquake Spectra, 9(3), 505–528.
Zahrai, S. M., and Bruneau, M.(1998a). “Impact of diaphragms on seismic response of straight slab-on-girder steel bridges.” J. Struct. Eng., 124(8), 938–947.
Zahrai, S. M., and Bruneau, M. (1998b). “Seismic retrofit of slab-on-girder steel bridges using ductile end diaphragms.” Rep. No. OCEERC 98-20, Univ. of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario.
Zahrai, S. M., and Bruneau, M.(1999a). “Ductile end-diaphragms for seismic retrofit of slab-on-girder steel bridges.” J. Struct. Eng., 125(1), 71–80.
Zahrai, S. M., and Bruneau, M.(1999b). “Cyclic testing of ductile end-diaphragms for slab-on-girder steel bridges.” J. Struct. Eng., 125(9), 987–996.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 9 • Issue 3 • May 2004
Pages: 243 - 249
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 10, 2003
Accepted: Jan 10, 2003
Published online: Apr 15, 2004
Published in print: May 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.