In-Situ Evaluation of Two Concrete Slab Systems. II: Evaluation Criteria and Outcomes
This article is a reply.
VIEW THE ORIGINAL ARTICLEThis article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 22, Issue 4
Abstract
The primary objective of in-situ load testing is to evaluate the safety and serviceability of an existing structural system with respect to a particular load condition and effect. In light of technological advances in construction methods, analytical tools and monitoring instrumentation, new different evaluation criteria are being proposed in addition to different in-situ load test methods. Some criteria may be more appropriate than others based on the expected damage and failure mechanisms of the structure being considered. The companion paper describes the rationale and application of both a consolidated and an alternative approach to the determination of load level, loading procedure and instrumentation requirements for two case studies. This paper discusses in detail the evaluation criteria and outcomes of these two field projects consisting of a posttensioned concrete slab with structural deficiencies due to tendon and mild reinforcement misplacement and a floor bay of a two-way reinforced concrete slab showing cracking at the positive and negative moment regions. After discussing the relative merits of the evaluation methodologies and the significance of their respective acceptance thresholds, concepts for the development of a new global criterion are discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The ACI Concrete Research Council, the NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center on Repair of Buildings and Bridges with Composites and the UMR–University Transportation Center on Advanced Materials are gratefully acknowledged for their financial support to the research. Yizhuo Chen assisted with the load tests and data reduction and his assistance is greatly appreciated.
References
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2001). “Causes, evaluation and repair of cracks in concrete structures.” ACI 224.1R-01, ACI Committee 224, Farmington Hills, Mich.
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2005). “Building code requirements for structural concrete.” ACI 318-05, Farmington Hills, Mich.
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2007). “Test load magnitude, protocol and acceptance criteria.” ACI 437.1R-07, ACI Committee 437, Farmington Hills, Mich.
Arnan, M. A., Reiner, M., and Teinowitz, M. (1950). “Research on loading tests of reinforced concrete structures.” Rep., Standards Institution of Israel, Jerusalem.
ASTM. (2006). “Standard terminology for nondestructive examinations.” ASTM E 1316-06a, West Conshohocken, Pa.
Colombo, S., Forde, M., Main, I., and Shigeishi, M. (2005). “Predicting the ultimate bending capacity of concrete beams from the ‘relaxation ratio’ analysis of AE signals.” Constr. Build. Mater., 19, 746–754.
Galati, N., Casadei, P., Lopez, A., and Nanni, A., (2004). “Load test evaluation of Augspurger ramp parking garage in Buffalo, N.Y.” RB2C Rep., Univ. of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Mo.
Galati, N., Nanni, A., Tumialan, J. G., and Ziehl, P. H. (2008). “In situ evaluation of two concrete slab systems. Part I: Load deformation and loading procedure.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 22(4), 207–216.
Golaski, L., Gebski, P., and Ono, K. (2002). “Diagnostics of reinforced concrete bridges by acoustic emission.” J. Acoust. Emiss., 20, 83–98.
Hearn, S., and Shield, C. (1997). “Acoustic emission monitoring as a nondestructive testing technique in reinforced concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 94(6), 510–519.
Mettemeyer, M. (1999). “In situ rapid load testing of concrete structures.” Master’s thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Mo.
NDIS 2421. (2000). “Recommended practice for in situ monitoring of concrete structures by acoustic emission.” Japanese Society for Nondestructive Inspection.
Ohtsu, M., Uchida, M., Okamoto, T., and Yuyama, S. (2002). “Damage assessment of reinforced concrete beams qualified by acoustic emission.” ACI Struct. J., 99(4), 411–417.
Physical Acoustics Corporation. (2001). DiSP user’s manual, Rev. 1, PAC Part No. 6320-1001, Princeton Junction, N.J.
Ridge, A., and Ziehl, P. (2006). “Nondestructive evaluation of strengthened RC beams: Cyclic load test and acoustic emission methods.” ACI Struct. J., 103(6), 832–841.
Yuyama, S., Li, Z., Ito, Y., and Arazoe, M. (1999). “Quantitative analysis of fracture process in RC column by moment tensor analysis of acoustic emission.” Constr. Build. Mater., 13, 87–97.
Yuyama, S., Li, Z., Yoshizawa, M., Tomokiyo, T., and Uomoto, T. (2001). “Evaluation of fatigue damage in reinforced concrete slab by acoustic emission.” Nondestr. Test. Eval., 34(6), 381–387.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 22 • Issue 4 • August 2008
Pages: 217 - 227
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: Sep 10, 2007
Accepted: Jan 15, 2008
Published online: Aug 1, 2008
Published in print: Aug 2008
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.