Modeling of Airborne Debris around Overplow Deflectors during High-Speed Snowplowing
This article is a reply.
VIEW THE ORIGINAL ARTICLEPublication: Journal of Cold Regions Engineering
Volume 16, Issue 3
Abstract
An engineering model is presented to calculate the trajectory of airborne debris that adversely affects visibility during high-speed snow plowing. Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are solved numerically with turbulence-modeling, particle-tracking, and cutting-edge approximations. Results suggest snow can be divided into splash and snow cloud when engineering treatments to improve visibility for snowplow drivers and following traffic. Calculated results confirm the findings of windtunnel and road tests, specifically that the trap angle of overplow deflectors should be less than 50° to eliminate snow debris blowing over the top of the plow onto the windscreen.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Becker, J. (1996). “Evaluation of variable curvature snow plow blades.” Rep. SD94-11, South Dakota Dept. of Transportation, Pierre, S.D.
Buckley, F. T., Jr., and Sekscienski, W. S. (1975). “Comparison of commercially available devices for the reduction of aerodynamic drag on tractor-trailers.” SAE Trans. 750704, 84, 1743–1753.
Chen, Ching-Fang A., Lotz, R. D., and Thompson, B. E.(2002). “Assessment of numerical uncertainty around shocks and corners on blunt trailing-edge supercritical airfoils.” Comput. Fluids, 31, 25–40.
Chung, J. N., and Troutt, T. R.(1988). “Simulation of particle dispersion in an axisymmetric jet.” J. Fluid Mech., 186, 199–222.
Colbeck, S. C. (1980). Dynamics of snow and ice masses, Academic, San Diego.
Colbeck, S., et al. (1990). “The international classification for seasonal snow on the ground.” The International Commission on Snow and Ice of the International Association of Scientific Hydrology, co-issued by International Glaciological Society, World Data Center A for Glaciology, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, Colo.
Dilworth, S. M. (1975). “Wind tunnel investigation of snow plow visibility phenomena.” Ontario Ministry of Transport and Communications Rep. No. 666/792, Dilworth, Secoro, Meagher and Associates Consulting Engineers, Ontario.
Eskridge, R. E., and Thompson, R. S.(1982). “Experimental and theoretical study of the wake of a block-shaped vehicle in a shear-free boundary flow.” Atmos. Environ., 16(12), 2821–2836.
Gray, D. M., and Male, D. H. (1981). Handbook of snow, Pergamon, Tarrytown, N.Y.
Hatta, N., Ishii, R., and Fujimoto, H.(1992). “Numerical analysis of gas-particle two phase subsonic free jets.” Trans. ASME, 114, 420–429.
Hucho, W.-H. (1987). Aerodynamics of road vehicles, Butterworth’s, London.
Hucho, W. H., Janssen, L. J., Emmelmann, H. J. (1976). “The optimization of body details—A method for reducing the aerodynamic drag,” SAE paper 760185, Society of Automotive Engineers, Troy, Mich.
Ishimoto, K. (1995). “Studies on the visibility fluctuation by airborne snow particles.” Civil Engineering Research Institute, Paper No. 107, Hokkaido Development Bureau, Hokkaido, Japan.
Ishimoto, K., Yoshifumi, F., and Takeuchi, M. (1993). “Visibility reduction caused by snow clouds on highways.” Transportation Research Record 1387, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 178–182.
King, W. D., and Dujmovic, S.(1987). “Fluid flow and particle trajectories around simple bodies: Impaction of snowflakes on car windshields.” Am. J. Phys., 55(2), 149–154.
Kirsch, J. W., and Bettes, W. H. (1974). “Feasibility study of the air vane and other truck drag reduction devices.” Proc., NSF/DOT Conf. on the Reduction of the Aerodynamic Drag of Trucks, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.
Lanser, W. R., Ross, J. C., and Kaufman, A. E. (1991). “Aerodynamic performance of a drag reduction device on a full scale tractor/trailer.” SAE Paper No. 912125, Society of Automotive Engineers, Troy, Mich. 2443–2451.
Launder, B. E., Jones, W. P. (1969). “Sink flow turbulent boundary layers.” Rep. No. 4, Vol. 38, Imperial College London, 817–831.
Mace, D. J., Garvey, P. M., and Heckard, R. F. (1994). “Relative visibility of increased legend size vs. brighter material of traffic signs.” Rep. FHWA-RD 94-035, U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Washington, D.C.
McDonald, A. T., and Palmer, G. M. (1980). “Aerodynamic drag reduction of intercity buses.” Trans. SAE 801404, 89, 4469–4484.
Mellor, M. (1964). “Design of high speed snow plows.” U.S. Army Cold Region Research Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, N.H.
Morelli, A., Fioravanti, L., Cogatti, A. (1976). “The body shape of minimum drag.” SAE Paper No. 760186, Society of Automotive Engineers, Troy, Mich.
Nakhla, H. K. (2001). “Debris transport around high-speed snow plows.” PhD thesis, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Aeronautical Engineering, and Mechanics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y.
Sayer, J. R., and Eric, C. (1994). “Factors influencing visibility through motor vehicle windshields and windows.” UMTRI-94-20, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
Schmidt, R. A.(1986). “Transport rate of drifting snow and the mean wind speed profile.” Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 34, 213–241.
Scibor-Rylski, A. (1984). Road vehicle aerodynamics, Wiley, New York.
Shook, C. A., and Roco, M. C. (1991). Slurry flow principles and practices, Butterworth-Heinemann, Stoneham, Mass.
Steers, L. L., Montoya, L. C., Saltzman, E. J. (1975). “Aerodynamic drag reduction tests on a full scale tractor-trailer combination and a representative box-shaped ground vehicle.” SAE 750703, 84(3), 1730–1742.
Tabler, R. D., and Jairell, R. L. (1993). “Trapping efficiency of snow fences and implications for system design.” Transportation Research Record 1387, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 108–114.
Takeuchi, M. (1979). “Snow accretion on traffic control sign boards and its prevention.” Snow Removal and Ice Control Research, Special Rep. 185, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
Takeuchi, M., Fukuzawa, Y., and Ishimoto, K. (1993). “Variation in motorist visual range measured by vehicle-mounted sensor.” Transportation Research Record 1387, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 173–177.
Thompson, B. E., and Nakhla, H. K.(2002). “Visibility improvements with overplow deflectors during high-speed snowplowing.” J. Cold Reg. Eng., 16(3), 102–118.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Cold Regions Engineering
Volume 16 • Issue 3 • September 2002
Pages: 119 - 137
Copyright
Copyright © 2002 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 17, 2001
Accepted: Jan 29, 2002
Published online: Aug 15, 2002
Published in print: Sep 2002
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.