Full Multiscale Approach for Optimal Control of In Situ Bioremediation
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 130, Issue 1
Abstract
Solving field-scale optimal groundwater remediation design problems is a challenge, especially when computationally intensive reactive transport models are needed. In this paper, a full multiscale approach to partial differential equation (PDE) constrained optimization is developed and is used to solve a successive approximation linear quadratic regulator model for optimal control of in situ bioremediation. The method starts the search for optimal designs from the coarsest mesh and solves for the optimal solution at that level, then uses the optimal solution obtained as the initial guess for the finer mesh. While at the finer mesh, the method switches back to the coarser mesh to solve for the derivatives and uses those derivatives to interpolate back to the finer mesh. This procedure continues until convergence is achieved at the finest level. This approach exploits important interactions between PDE discretization and optimization and achieves significant computational saving by using approximations early in the search when a broad search of the decision space is being performed. As the solution becomes more refined, more accurate estimates are needed to fine-tune the solution, and finer spatial discretizations are used. Application of the method to a bioremediation case study with about 6,500 state variables converges in about 8.8 days, compared to nearly 1 year using the previous model. This substantial improvement will enable much more realistic bioremediation design problems to be solved than was previously possible, particularly once the model is implemented in parallel.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Arnold, E., and Puta, H. (1994). “An SQP-type solution method for constrained discrete-time optimal control problems.” Computational optimal control, R. Bulirsch and D. Kraft, eds., International Series of Numerical Mathematics, Vol. 115, Birkhäuser Verlag, Switzerland.
Biros, G., and Ghatta, O. (1999). “Parallel Newton-Krylov methods for PDE-constrained optimization.” Proc. SC’99.
Biros, G., and Ghattas, O. (2000). “A Lagrange-Newton-Krylov-Schur method for PDE-constrained optimization.” SIAG/OPT Views-and-News, 11(2).
Boggs, P. T., and Tolle, J. W.(2000). “Sequential quadratic programming for large-scale nonlinear optimization.” J. Comput. Appl. Math., 124(1–2), 123–137.
Culver, T. B., and Shoemaker, C. A.(1992). “Dynamic optimal control for groundwater remediation with flexible management periods.” Water Resour. Res., 28(3), 629–641.
Gelhar, L. W., Welty, C., and Rehfeldt, K. R.(1992). “A critical review data on field-scale dispersion in aquifers.” Water Resour. Res., 28(7), 1955–1974.
Graham, W. D., and McLaughlin, D. B.(1991). “A stochastic model of solute transport in groundwater: Application to the Borden, Ontario, tracer test.” Water Resour. Res., 27(6), 1345–1359.
Huang, C., and Mayer, A. S.(1997). “Pumping-and-treat optimizationusing well locations and pumping rates as decision variables.” Water Resour. Res., 33(5), 1001–1012.
Liu, Y. (2001). “Multiscale approach to optimal control of in-situ bioremediation of groundwater.” PhD thesis, College of Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Liu, Y., and Minsker, B. S.(2002). “Efficient multiscale methods for optimal in-situ bioremediation design.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 128(3), 227–236.
Liu, Y., Minsker, B. S., and Saied, F.(2001). “A one-way spatial multiscale method for optimal bioremediation design.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 127(2), 130–139.
Mackay, D. M., Freyberg, D. L., and Roberts, P. V.(1986). “A natural gradient experiment on solute transport in a sand aquifer 1. Approach and overview of plume movement.” Water Resour. Res., 22(13), 2017–2029.
Minsker, B. S., and Shoemaker, C. A.(1996). “Differentiating a finite element biodegradation simulation model for optimal control.” Water Resour. Res., 32(1), 187–192.
Minsker, B. S., and Shoemaker, C. A.(1998a). “Computational issues for optimal in-situ bioremediation design.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 124(1), 39–46.
Minsker, B. S., and Shoemaker, C. A.(1998b). “Dynamic optimal control of in-situ bioremediation of groundwater.” Water Resour. Res., 124(3), 149–161.
Yakowitz, S., and Rutherford, B.(1984). “Computational aspects of discrete-time optimal control.” Appl. Math. Comput., 15, 29–45.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 2, 2002
Accepted: Sep 13, 2002
Published online: Dec 15, 2003
Published in print: Jan 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.