Load Reductions on Buried Rigid Pipe
Publication: Journal of Transportation Engineering
Volume 109, Issue 1
Abstract
Buried structures such as pipes and culverts are often installed in the ground with special soft inclusion materials whose purpose is to reduce the overburden pressure that these structures must support. This study showed by computer simulation that the size, shape, location, and composition of these inclusions need to be considered to minimize the loads carried by these structures. The validity of the computer simulation was authenticated by comparing the computer results with an instrumented culvert installed in a laboratory testing tank.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Allgood, J. R., “Structures in Soils Under High Loads,” Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division, ASCE, Vol. 97, No. SM3, Proc. Paper 8006, Mar., 1971, pp. 565–579.
2.
Allgood, J. R., “Summary of Soil‐Structure Interaction,” Technical Report R‐771, Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory, Port Hueneme, Calif. July, 1972.
3.
Barton, F. W., Larew, H. G., and Wyant, P. C., “Behavior of Rigid and Flexible Culvert Pipes Under Deep Fills,” Final Report, VHTRC 77‐R29, Virginia Highway and Transportation Research Council, Charlottesville, Va., 1977.
4.
Bowles, J. E., Foundation Analysis and Design. McGraw Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N.Y., 1977.
5.
Brown, C. B., “Forces on Rigid Culverts Under High Fills,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 93, No. ST5, Proc. Paper 5501, Oct., 1967, pp. 195–215.
6.
Burns, J. Q., and Richards, R. M., “Attenuation of Stresses for Buried Culverts,” Proceedings of the Symposium on Soil‐Structure Interaction, University of Arizona Engineering Research Laboratory, Tucson, Ariz., Sept., 1964, pp. 378–92.
7.
Chang, C. S., Espinoza, J. M., and Selig, E. T., “Computer Analysis of Newton Creek Culvert,” Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 106, No. GT5, Proc. Paper 15438, May, 1980, pp. 531–556.
8.
Costes, N. C., and Proudley, C. E., “Performance Study of Corrugated‐Metal‐Pipe Culvert Under Embankment—North Carolina,” Flexible Culverts Under High Fills: Highway Research Board Bulletin 125, National Academy of Science, Washington, D.C., 1956, pp. 58–169.
9.
Dally, J. W., and Riley, W. F., Experimental Stress Analysis, McGraw‐Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N.Y., 1965.
10.
Davis, R. E., and Bacher, A. E., “California's Culvert Research Program—Description, Current Status, and Observed Peripheral Pressures,” Highway Research Record No. 249, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., 1968, pp. 14–23.
11.
Desai, C. A., and Abel, J. F., Introduction to the Finite Element Method: A Numerical Method for Engineering Analysis, Van Nostrand Reinhold, Co., New York, N.Y., 1972.
12.
Girijavallabhan, C. V., and Reese, L. C., “Finite‐Element for Problems in Soil Mechanics,” Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division, ASCE, Vol. 94, No. SM2, Proc. Paper 5864, Mar., 1968, pp. 473–496.
13.
Goodier, J., “Concentrations of Stresses Around Spherical and Cylindrical Inclusions and Flows,” Transactions of American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 55, 1933, pp. 39–44.
14.
Hoeg, K., “Stresses Against Underground Structural Cylinders,” Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division, ASCE, Vol. 94, No. SM4, Proc. Paper 6022, July, 1968, pp. 833–58.
15.
Katoh, J., “Systematic Stress Analysis of Circular Pipe,” Transportation Engineering Journal, ASCE, Vol. 98, No. TE4, Proc. Paper 9386, Nov., 1972, pp. 1039–63.
16.
Katona, M. G., et al., “CANDE‐A Modern Approach for the Structural Design and Analysis of Buried Culverts,” Federal Highway Administration Report No. FHWA‐RD‐77‐5, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., Oct., 1976.
17.
Krizek, R. J., and McQuade, P. V., “Behavior of Buried Concrete Pipe,” Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, Vol. 104, No. GT7, Proc. Paper 13899, July, 1978, pp. 815–836.
18.
Krizek, R. J., et al., “Structural Analysis and Design of Pipe Culverts,” NCHRP Report 116. Highway Research Board, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., 1971.
19.
Lambe, T. W., and Whitman, R. V., Soil Mechanics. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y., 1969.
20.
Pawsey, S. and Brown, C. B., “The Modification of the Pressures, on Rigid Culverts with Fill Procedures,” Highway Research Record No. 249, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., 1968, pp. 37–43.
21.
Rude, L. C., “A Study of the Imperfect Ditch Method for Rigid Culverts,” thesis presented to the University of Virginia, at Charlottesville, Va. in 1979, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
22.
Savin, G. N., Stress Concentrations Around Holes, Translation W. Johnson, ed., Pergamon Press, New York, N.Y., 1961.
23.
Seely, F. B., and Smith, J. O., Advance Mechanics of Materials, 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y., 1952.
24.
Selig, E. T., Lockhart, C. W., and Lautensleger, R. W., “Measured Performance of Newton Creek Culvert,” Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, Vol. 105, No. GT9, Proc. Paper 14850, Sept., 1979, pp. 1067–1087.
25.
Spangler, M. G., “Culverts and Conduits,” Foundation Engineering, G. A. Leonards, ed., McGraw Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N.Y., 1962, pp. 965–999.
26.
Spangler, M. G., “Protection of Underground Structures by Arch Action Associated with the Imperfect Ditch Method of Construction,” Proceedings of the Symposium on Soil‐Structure Interaction, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz., 1964, pp. 531–46.
27.
Spangler, M. G., “Underground Conduits: An Appraisal of Modern Research,” Transactions, ASCE, Vol. 113, June, 1947, pp. 316–74.
28.
Spangler, M. G., and Handy, R. L., Soil Engineering, 3rd ed. Intext Educational Publishers, New York, N.Y., 1973.
29.
Spannagel, D. W., and Bacher, A. E., “Rigid Pipe Proof Testing Under Excess Overfills with Varying Backfill Parameters,” FHWA‐CA‐SD‐79, Office of Structures Design, Division of Project Development, California Department of Transportation, Sacramento, Calif., 1979.
30.
Spannagel, D. W., Davis, R. E., Bacher, A. E., “Effects of Methods A and B Backfill on Flexible Culverts Under High Fills,” Transportation Research Record 510. Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1974.
31.
Takahashi, S. K., “Effect of Backpacking and Internal Pressurization on Stress Transmitted to Buried Cylinders,” Technical Report R789 (AD‐764‐058). Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory, Port Huemene, Calif., May, 1973.
32.
Terzaghi, K. V., “Stress Distribution in Dry and in Saturated Sand Above a Yielding Trap Door,” Proceedings of the First International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundations, June 22 to 26, 1948. Harvard Printing Office, Cambridge, Mass., May, 1948.
33.
Timoshenko, S. P., and Goodier, J. N., Theory of Elasticity. 3rd ed., McGraw‐Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N.Y., 1970.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Transportation Engineering
Volume 109 • Issue 1 • January 1983
Pages: 107 - 123
Copyright
Copyright © 1983 ASCE.
History
Published online: Jan 1, 1983
Published in print: Jan 1983
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.