TECHNICAL NOTES
Jan 1, 1998
Friction Slope in Depth-Averaged Flow
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 124, Issue 1
Abstract
Due to the manner in which the friction slope Sf is calculated, many two-dimensional (2D) depth-averaged models include only bottom friction. Specifically, 2D depth-averaged models that assume vertical channel sidewalls and utilize free-slip boundary conditions do not account for the friction due to the channel sidewalls. The principal intent of this paper is to inform modelers of this largely neglected issue, establish the validity of the aforementioned statement, and introduce a strategy for alleviating the problem. First, the relevant equations are presented. Based on these equations, the problem is clearly explained and interpreted. Further illustration is provided by analyzing a backwater profile in a straight rectangular channel. The one-dimensional (1D) and 2D computed results are compared with Lansford and Mitchell's experimental data. The 2D numerical solution does not coincide with the experimental data unless the 2D friction slope equation is modified to account for sidewall friction.
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Copyright © 1998 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Published online: Jan 1, 1998
Published in print: Jan 1998
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Thomas Molls, Associate Member, ASCE,
Asst. Prof., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., So. Illinois Univ., Carbondale, IL 62901-6603.
Gang Zhao
Grad. student, So. Illinois Univ., Carbondale, IL.
Frank Molls
NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH 44135.
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