System Heterogeneity as Variable for Solute Transport in Streams
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 121, Issue 11
Abstract
Contaminant migration in streaming waters is characterized by a large number of physical and biochemical transfer mechanisms that often exhibit marked spatial and temporal variabilities. To quantify the mass transport and particularly the mass retention in bed sediments and biota, a process-based description needs to be combined with a stochastic interpretation of the constitutive parameters of the problem. In this study, constitutive parameters are conceived as stochastic fields in both space and time. Evaluation of phosphorus transport in a small stream in Sweden indicates that the heterogeneity (covariance structure) of partitioning with respect to solute/particulate adsorption and bed retention imposes significant effects on both statistically expected predictions and confidence intervals. Specifically, the temporal and spatial variability found for the partition coefficient was sufficiently pronounced to motivate that the coefficient is represented as an anisotropic random field in space and time. An analytical solution to the internal turnover mechanisms indicates that the effects of system heterogeneity increase markedly with time.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Adams, E. E., and Baptista, A. M. (1986). “Ocean dispersion modeling.”Encyclopedia of fluid mechanics, Vol. 6, Complex flow phenomena and modeling, N. P. Cheremisinoff, Ed., Houston, Tex., 865–895.
2.
ASCE Task Committee on Geostatistical Techniques in Geohydrology of the Ground Water Hydrology Committee of the ASCE Hydraulics Division.(1990a). “Review of geostatistics in geohydrology. I: basic concepts.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 116(5), 612–632.
3.
ASCE Task Committee on Geostatistical Techniques in Geohydrology of the Ground Water Hydrology Committee of the ASCE Hydraulics Division.(1990b). “Review of geostatistics in geohydrology. II: applications.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 116(5), 633–658.
4.
Armstrong, M., Ed. (1988). “Geostatistics.” Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Vol. 1 and 2.
5.
Bellin, A., Rinaldo, A., Bosma, W. J. P., van der Zee, S., and Rubin, Y.(1993). “Linear equilibrium adsorbing solute transport in physically and chemically heterogeneous porous formation, 1, analytical solutions.”Water Resour. Res., 29(12), 4019–4030.
6.
Bencala, K. E., and Walters, R. A.(1983). “Simulation of solute transport in a mountain pool-and-riffle stream: a transient storage model.”Water Resour. Res., 19(3), 718–724.
7.
Berndtsson, R.(1990). “Transport and sedimentation of pollutants in a river reach: a chemical mass balance approach.”Water Resour. Res., 26(7), 1549–1558.
8.
Beran, M. J. (1968). Statistical continuum theories. InterScience-Wiley, New York, N.Y.
9.
Bosma, W. J. P., and van der Zee, S.(1993). “Transport of reacting solute in a one-dimensional chemically heterogeneous porous medium.”Water Resour. Res., 29(1), 117–131.
10.
Burr, D. T., Sudicky, E. A., and Naff, R. L.(1994). “Nonreactive and reactive solute transport in three-dimensional heterogeneous porous media: mean displacement, plume spreading and uncertainty.”Water Resour. Res., 30, 791–815.
11.
Butcher, S. S., Charlson, R. J., Orians, G., and Wolfe, G. (1992). Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif.
12.
Cushing, C. E., Minshall, G. W., and Newbold, J. D.(1993). “Transport dynamics of fie particulate matter in two Idaho streams.”Limnol. Oceanogr., 38(6), 1101–1115.
13.
Cvetkovic, V., and Dagan, G.(1994). “Transport of kinetically sorbing solute by steady random velocity in heterogeneous porous formations.”J. Fluid Mech., 265, 189–215.
14.
de Marsily, G. (1986). Quantitative hydrogeology . Academic Press, San Diego, Calif.
15.
Destouni, G., and Cvetkovic, V.(1991). “Field scale mass arrival of sorptive solute into the groundwater.”Water Resour. Res., 27, 1315–1325.
16.
Elliot, A. H. (1990). “Transport of solutes into and out of streambeds.”Rep. No. KH-R-52, W. M. Keck Laboratory of Hydraulics and Water Resources, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.
17.
Fischer, H. B., List, E. J., Koh, R. C. Y., Imberger, J., and Brooks, N. H. (1979). “Mixing in inland and coastal waters.” Academic Press Inc., New York, N.Y.
18.
Gschwend, P. M., and Wu, S.-C.(1985). “On the constancy of sediment-water partition coefficients of hydrophobic organic pollutants.”Environ. Sci. Technol., 19(1), 90–96.
19.
Karickhoff, S. W.(1981). “Semi-empirical estimation of sorption of hydrophobic pollutants on natural sediments and soils.”Chemosphere, 10(8), 833–846.
20.
Mantoglou, A., and Wilson, J. L. (1981). “Simulation of random fields with the turning bands method.”Rep. No. 264, Dept. of Civil Engrg., Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, Mass.
21.
Nagaokai, H., and Ohgaki, A. J. (1990). “Mass transfer mechanism in a porous river bed.”Water Res. 24(4), 417–425.
22.
Nyffler, U. P., Santschi, P. H., and Li, Y.-H.(1986). “The relevance of scavenging kinetics to modeling sediment-water interactions in natural waters.”Limnol. Oceanogr., 31(2), 277–292.
23.
O'Connor, D. J.(1988). “Models of sorptive toxic substances in freshwater systems.”J. Envir. Engrg., 114(3), 552–574.
24.
O'Connor, D. J., and Connolly, J. P.(1980). “The effect of concentration of adsorbing solids on the partition coefficient.”Water Res., 14, 1517–1523.
25.
Onishi, D. J.(1981). “Sediment-contaminant transport model.”J. Hydr. Div., 107(9), 1089–1107.
26.
Stream Solute Workshop.(1990). “Concepts and methods for assessing solute dynamics in stream ecosystems.”J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc., 9(2), 95–119.
27.
Svendsen, L. M., and Kronvang, B.(1993). “Retention of nitrogen and phosphorus in a Danish lowland river system: implications for the export from the watershed.”Hydrobiologia, 251, 123–135.
28.
Vanmarcke. (1983). Random fields . MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
29.
Voice, T. C., Rice, C. P., and Weber, W. J.(1983). “Effect of solids concentration on the sorptive partitioning of hydrophobic pollutants in aquatic systems.”Environ. Sci. Technol., 17(9), 513–518.
30.
Wood, T. M., and Baptista, A. M.(1993). “A model for diagnostic analysis of estuarine geochemistry.”Water Resour. Res., 29(1), 51–71.
31.
Wörman, A.(1992). “Inception of motion during static armoring.”J. Hydr. Engrg., 118(3), 496–501.
32.
Wörman, A.(1993). “Seepage-induced mass wasting in coarse soil slopes.”Hydr. Engrg., 119(10), 1155–1168.
33.
Wörman, A.(1995). “Coupled hydrological and bio-geo-chemical model for aqueous contaminant transport.”Marine and Freshwater Res., 46, 197–208.
34.
Wörman, A., Johansson, H., and Ulén, B. (1995). “Modelling phosphorus transport in agricultural drainage brooks.”Scripta Limno logica Upsaliensia, 1995B(9), Inst. of Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
35.
Yeh, G. T., and Tripathi, V. S.(1989). “A critical evaluation of recent developments in hydrogeochemical transport models of reactive multichemical components.”Water Reser. Res., 25(1), 93–108.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 121 • Issue 11 • November 1995
Pages: 782 - 791
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Nov 1, 1995
Published in print: Nov 1995
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.