TECHNICAL NOTES
Jul 1, 1991

Critical Submergence in Two‐Layer Stratified Flow

Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 117, Issue 7

Abstract

Experiments are conducted on circular, vertical intakes drawing from two-layer stratified sources. Arguments are presented to suggest that current definitions of critical drawdown, as the condition under which the upper layer is on the point of being drawn into the intake, are unnecessarily conservative. Instead it is suggested that 1% mixing is acceptable. Experimental results for capped and uncapped intakes are presented to compare these two definitions of critical conditions. It is shown that significant differences in acceptable flows or depths may occur depending on which definition is used.

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References

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Anglelin, S., and Flikestad, K. (1957). “An investigation of intake arrangements for cooling water supply stratified seawater.” Proc. IAHR 7th General Meeting, International Association for Hydraulic Research, 1–15.
2.
Elder, R. A., and Dougherty, B. D. (1958). “Thermal density underflow diversion, Kingston steam plant.” J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 84(2), 1–20.
3.
Elsayed, E. M. (1982). “Thermocline drawdown above cooling water intakes.” Canadian J. Civ. Engrg., 9(1), 31–37.
4.
Goldring, B. T. (1989). “Capped intakes in a stratified crossflow.” J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 115(2), 228–242.
5.
Harleman, D. R. F., Morgan, R. L., and Purple, R. A. (1959). “Selective withdrawal from a vertically stratified fluid.” IAHR 8th Congress, Aug., 10C‐1‐10C‐16.
6.
Homma, M., and Horikawa, K. (1962). “Experimental studies on the cooling water intake system for the atomic power plant at Tokai, Japan.” Coastal Engrg. in Japan, 5, 11–33.
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Imberger, J. (1980). “Selective withdrawal: A review.” Second Int. Symp. Stratified Flows, International Association for Hydraulic Research, Jun., 381–400.

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Go to Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 117Issue 7July 1991
Pages: 924 - 928

History

Published online: Jul 1, 1991
Published in print: Jul 1991

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Authors

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James J. Sharp
Prof. and Chair, Faculty of Engrg., Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3X5
T. M. Parchure
Res. Assoc., Coll. of Engrg., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611

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