Cumulative Mass Approach for Column Testing
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 121, Issue 10
Abstract
A cumulative mass approach for laboratory column testing using an analytical solution for miscible transport through soil is presented. The cumulative mass approach differs from the more traditional approach for column testing in that the analysis of the measured data is in terms of mass of solute instead of solute concentration. The potential advantages of the cumulative mass approach are: (1) The influence of increment in effluent sample volume on the measured concentrations is removed from consideration; (2) the effluent sampling procedure is less labor-intensive, and therefore potentially more cost-effective; and (3) the retardation factor and effective porosity can be evaluated directly from plots of the test results. A comparison of analyses of measured data based on the cumulative mass approach with the more traditional concentration-based approach indicates slight differences (less than 3%) in the regressed values of the dispersion coefficient and retardation factor. These differences are attributed to greater scatter in the data for the more traditional approach and to slight errors involved in the traditional approach due to plotting the average, incremental concentrations at the pore volumes of flow corresponding to the middle of the sampling interval.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Bear, J. (1972). Dynamics of fluids in porous media . American Elsevier, New York, N.Y.
2.
de Marsily, G. (1986). Quantitative hydrogeology . Academic Press, Inc., Orlando, Fla.
3.
Freeze, R. A., and Cherry, J. A. (1979). Groundwater . Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
4.
Gershon, N. D., and Nir, A.(1969). “Effects of boundary conditions of models on tracer distribution in flow through porous mediums.”Water Resour. Res., 5(4), 830–839.
5.
Kreft, A., and Zuber, A.(1978). “On the physical meaning of the dispersion equation and its solutions for different initial and boundary conditions.”Chem. Engrg. Sci., 33(11), 1471–1480.
6.
Lindstrom, F. T., Haque, R., Freed, V. H., and Boersma, L.(1967). “Theory of the movement of some herbicides in soils: Linear diffusion and convection of chemicals in soils.”Envir. Sci. and Tech., 1(7), 561–565.
7.
Mitchell, J. K.(1992). “Conduction phenomena: from theory to geotechnical practice.”Geotechnique, 41(3), 299–340.
8.
Schnabel, R. P., and Ritchie, B. B.(1987). “Elimination of time assignment bias in estimates of dispersion coefficient.”Soil Sci. Soc. of Am. J., 51(2), 302–304.
9.
Shackelford, C. D.(1988). “Diffusion as a transport process in fine-grained barrier materials.”Geotech. News, 6(2), 24–27.
10.
Shackelford, C. D.(1991). “Laboratory diffusion testing for waste disposal—A review.”J. Contaminant Hydrol., Elsevier Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 7(3), 177–217.
11.
Shackelford, C. D. (1993). “Contaminant transport.”Geotechnical practice for waste disposal, D. E. Daniel, ed., Chapman and Hall, London, England, 33–65.
12.
Shackelford, C. D.(1994). “Critical concepts for column testing.”J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 120(10), 1804–1828.
13.
Shackelford, C. D. (1995). “Analytical models for cumulative mass column testing.”Proc. ASCE Specialty Conf. Geoenvironment 2000 ( Specialty Technical Publication No. 46 ), ASCE, New York, N.Y., 355–372.
14.
Shackelford, C. D., and Redmond, P. L.(1995). “Solute breakthrough curves for processed kaolin at low flow rates.”J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 121(1), 17–32.
15.
van Genuchten, M. T. (1981). “Analytical solutions for chemical transport with simultaneous adsorption, zero-order production, and first-order decay.”J. Hydrol., Elsevier Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 49, (3/4), 213–233.
16.
van Genuchten, M. T., and Parker, J. C.(1984). “Boundary conditions for displacement experiments through short laboratory soil columns.”Soil Sci. Soc. of Am. J., 48(4), 703–708.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 121 • Issue 10 • October 1995
Pages: 696 - 703
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Oct 1, 1995
Published in print: Oct 1995
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.