Mechanics of Fiber Reinforcement in Sand
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 109, Issue 3
Abstract
Direct shear tests were run on a dry sand reinforced with different types of fibers. Both natural and synthetic fibers plus metal wires were tested. Experimental behavior was compared with theoretical predictions based on a force equilibrium model of a fiber reinforced sand. Test results showed that fiber reinforcement increased the peak shear strength and limited post peak reductions in shear resistance. The fiber reinforcement model correctly predicted the influence of various sand‐fiber parameters through shear strength increases that were: (1) Directly proportional to concentration or area ratio of fibers; (2) greatest for initial fiber orientations of 60° with respect to the shear surface; and (3) approximately the same for a reinforced sand tested in a loose and dense state, respectively. The findings of this study are relevant to such diverse problems as the contribution of roof reinforcement to the stability of sandy, coarse textured soils in granitic slopes, dune and beach stabilization by pioneer plants, tillage in root permeated soils, and soil stabilization with low modulus, woven fabrics.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Andrawes, K. Z., McGown, A., Mashhour, M. M., and Wilson‐Fahmy, R. F., “Tension Resistant Inclusions in Soils,” Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, Vol. 106, No. GT12, Proc. Paper 15928, Dec., 1980, pp. 1313–1326.
2.
Bassett, R. H., and Last, N. C., “Reinforcing Earth Below Footings and Embankments,” presented at the April 27, 1978, ASCE Symposium on Earth Reinforcement, held at Pittsburgh, Pa., pp. 202–231.
3.
Bell, J. R., “Introduction to Geotextiles for Soil Improvement,” presented at the April 14, 1980, ASCE Session on The Use of Geotextiles for Soil Improvement, held at Portland, Oreg., pp. 1–30.
4.
Bell, J. R., and Steward, J. E., “Construction and Observation of Fabric Retained Soil Walls,” Proceedings, International Conference on the Use of Fabrics in Geotechnics, L'Encole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees Vol. I, Paris, France, 1977, pp. 123–128.
5.
Bishop, D. M., and Stevens, M. E., “Landslides on Logged Areas in Southeast Alaska,” USDA Forest Service Research Paper NOR‐1, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Juneau, Alaska, 1964.
6.
Broms, B. B., “Polyester Fabric as Reinforcement in Soil,” Proceedings, International Conference on the Use of Fabrics in Geotechnics, Vol. I, Paris, France, 1977, pp. 129–135.
7.
Brown, C. B., and Sheu, M. S., “Effects of Deforestation on Slopes,” Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, Vol. 101, No. GT1, Jan., 1975, pp. 147–165.
8.
Burroughs, E. R., and Thomas, B. R., “Declining Root Strength in Douglas Fir After Felling as a Factor in Slope Stability,” USDA Forest Service Research Paper INT‐190, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Juneau, Alaska, 1977.
9.
Collios, A., Delmas, P., Gourc, J. P., and Giroud, J. P., “Experiments on Soil Reinforcement with Geotextiles,” presented at the April 14, 1980, ASCE Session on the Use of Geotextiles for Soil Improvement, held at Portland, Oreg., pp. 53–73.
10.
Endo, T., and Tsuruta, T., “The Effect of Tree Roots Upon the Shearing Strength of Soil,” Annual Report No. 18 of the Hokkaido Branch, Tokyo Forest Experiment Station, Tokyo, Japan, 1969, pp. 168–179.
11.
Gray, D. H., “Role of Woody Vegetation in Reinforcing Soils and Stabilizing Slopes,” Proceedings, Symposium on Soil Reinforcing and stabilizing Techniques in Engineering Practice, The New South Wales Institute of Technology, Sydney, Australia, Oct., 16–19, 1978, pp. 253–306.
12.
Gray, D. H., and Leiser, A. T., Biotechnical Slope Protection, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, N.Y. 1982.
13.
Gray, D. H., and Megahan, W. F., “Forest Vegetation Removal and Slope Stability in the Idaho Batholeth,” USDA Forest Service Paper 1NT‐271, Intermediate Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, Utah, 1981.
14.
Jewell, R. A., “Some Factors Which Influence the Shear Strength of Reinforced Sand,” CUED/D‐Soils/TR85, Cambridge University Engineering Department, Cambridge, England, 1980.
15.
Kassif, G., and Kopelovitz, A., “Strength Properties of Soil‐Root Systems,” Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, 1968.
16.
McGown, A., Andrawes, K. Z., and Al‐Hasani, M. M., “Effect of Inclusion Properties on the Behavior of Sand,” Geotechnique, Vol. 28, No. 3, Mar., 1978, pp. 327–346.
17.
Naylor, D. J., and Richards, H., Slipping Strip Analysis of Reinforced Earth, International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, Vol. 2, No. 4, 1978, pp. 443–460.
18.
Potyondy, J. G., “Skin Friction Between Various Soils and Construction Materials,” Geotechnique, Vol. 11, No. 4, Dec., 1961, pp. 339–353.
19.
Puig, J., Blivet, J. C., and Pasquet, P., “Earth Fill Reinforced with Synthetic Fabric,” Proceedings, International Conference on The Use of Fabric in Geotechnics, L'Encole Nationale des Pouts et Chaussees, Vol. I, Paris, 1977, pp. 85–90.
20.
Schlosser, F., and Long, N. T., “Recent Results in French Research on Reinforced Earth,” Journal of the Construction Division, ASCE, Vol. 100, No. CO3, Proc. Paper 10800, Sept., 1974, pp. 223–237.
21.
Swanston, D. N., “Slope Stability Problems Associated with Timber Harvesting in Mountainous Regions of the Western United States,” USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW‐21, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Portland, Oreg., 1974.
22.
Tumay, M. T., Antonini, M., and Arman, A., “Metal Versus Nonwoven Fiber Fabric Earth Reinforcement in Dry Sands: A Comparative Statistical Analysis of Model Tests,” Geotechnical Testing Journal, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1979, pp. 44–56.
23.
Waldron, L. J., “Shear Resistance of Root‐Permeated Homogeneous and Stratified Soil,” Soil Science Society of America Proceedings, Vol. 41, 1977, pp. 843–849.
24.
Woodhouse, W. W., and Hanes, R. E., “Dune Stabilization with Vegetation on the Outer Banks of North Carolina,” CERC Technical Memo No. 22, Coastal Engineering Research Center, Washington, D.C., 1967.
25.
Wu, T. H., “Investigation of Landslides on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska,” Geotechnical Engineering Report No. 5, Department of Civil Engineering, Ohio State Univ., Columbus, Ohio, 1976.
26.
Yang, Z., “Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Reinforced Sand,” dissertation presented to the University of California, at Los Angeles, Calif., in 1972, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 109 • Issue 3 • March 1983
Pages: 335 - 353
Copyright
Copyright © 1983 ASCE.
History
Published online: Mar 1, 1983
Published in print: Mar 1983
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.