TECHNICAL PAPERS
Aug 1, 1986

Constitutive Model for Biaxial Cyclic Loading of Concrete

Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 112, Issue 8

Abstract

An incremental type of stress‐strain relationship is proposed for simulating the hysteretic response of concrete, subjected to biaxial cyclic loading. The behavior of concrete is represented by an infinite number of rheological elastic‐plastic type of elements connected in parallel. The strain at elastic limit and maximum plastic strain values of each element are assumed to be stochastically distributed. It is possible to simulate with sufficient accuracy, the strain softening, the path dependency and the hysteretic response using this model. The model is computationally efficient and the relatively few parameters needed can be calibrated from the monotonic, uniaxial response and from the biaxial failure envelope. Shear stresses and rotation of loading axes cannot yet be handled with this model.

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References

1.
ASCE Committee on Concrete and Masonry Structures, “A State of the Art Report on Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures,” Task Committee on Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete, ASCE Special Publication, 1982.
2.
Bažant, Z. P., “Comment on Orthotropic Models for Concrete and Geomaterials,” Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE, Vol. 109, June, 1983, pp. 849–865.
3.
Beams, G. W., Gerstle, K. H., and Ko, H. Y., “Response of Concrete to Cyclic Biaxial Compressive Loads,” ASCE Convention, Las Vegas, Nev., Apr. 26–30, 1982.
4.
Darwin, D., and Pecknold, D. A., “Nonlinear Biaxial Law for Concrete,” Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE, Vol. 103, No. EM2, Apr., 1977, pp. 229–241.
5.
Fafitis, A., “Response of Confined Concrete Subjected to Earthquake Type Loadings,” thesis presented to Northwestern University, at Evanston, Ill., in 1984, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
6.
Fafitis, A., and Shah, S. P., “Rheological Model for Cyclic Loading of Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 110, No. 9, Sept., 1984, pp. 2085–2102.
7.
Karsan, I. D., and Jirsa, O., “Behavior of Concrete under Compressive Loadings,” ASCE Journal, Vol. 95, No. ST12, Dec., 1969, pp. 2543–2563.
8.
Kent, D. C., and Park, R., “Flexural Members with Confirmed Concrete,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 97, No. ST7, July, 1971, pp. 1969–1990.
9.
Kupfer, H., Hilsdorf, H. K., and Rush, H., “Behavior of Concrete under Biaxial Stress,” ACI Journal, Aug., 1969, pp. 656–666.
10.
Maekawa, K., and Okamura, H., “The Deformational Behavior and Constitutive Equation of Concrete Using the Elasto‐Plastic and Fracture Model,” Journal of the Faculty of Engineering, The Univ. of Tokyo (B), Vol. XXXVII, No. 2, 1983, pp. 252–328.
11.
Schickert, G., and Winkler, H., “Results of Tests Concerning Strength and Strain of Concrete Subjected to Multiaxial Compressive Stresses,” Bundesanstalt fur Materialprufung (BAM), Bericht Nr. 46, Berlin, Germany, May, 1977, 124 pp.
12.
Shah, S. P., Fafitis, A., and Arnold, R., “Cyclic Loading of Spirally Reinforced Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 109, No. ST7, July, 1983, pp. 1695–1710.
13.
Sinha, B. P., Gerstle, K. H., and Tulin, L. G., “Stress‐Strain Relations for Concrete under Cyclic Loading,” Journal of ACI, Vol. 61, No. 2, Feb., 1964, pp. 195–211.

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Go to Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 112Issue 8August 1986
Pages: 760 - 775

History

Published online: Aug 1, 1986
Published in print: Aug 1986

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A. Fafitis
Asst. Prof. of Civ. Engrg., Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ 85287
S. P. Shah, Members, ASCE
Prof. of Civ. Engrg., Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL 60201

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