Modeling a Combined Anaerobic/Anoxic Oxide and Rotating Biological Contactors Process under Dissolved Oxygen Variation by Using an Activated Sludge-Biofilm Hybrid Model
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 130, Issue 12
Abstract
A hybrid model which incorporated a biofilm model into the general dynamic model was developed to predict the effluent quality of a combined activated sludge and biofilm process—Taiwan National Central University Process 1. The system was performed under three different dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions in the oxic tank, including 2.0, 1.0, and 0.5 mg/L. When the DO increased from 0.5 to 2.0 mg/L, the soluble biodegradable substrate and soluble phosphate in the effluent were not significantly influenced. Their removal efficiencies were above 92 and 94%. Ammonia–nitrogen removal efficiency increased from 36 to 83% and nitrate–nitrogen increased from 1.7 to 2.9 mg/L. In biofilm, when the DO was 2.0 mg/L, the active autotrophic biomass fraction was 15.7% (surface) to 12.9% (substratum). But when the DO was 0.5 mg/L, the fraction became lower and the fraction was 6.2% (surface) to 3.5% (substratum). The fraction of active nonpoly-P heterotrophic biomass in the biofilm did not vary significantly, the values were about 28–35%. decreased as the DO increased. in the biofilm did not vary significantly and was maintained at about 2.0 mg/L. When DO increased, also increased, decreased from 13.1 to 1.8 mg/L in biofilm.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
American Public Health Association/American Water Works Association/Water Environment Federation (APHA/AWWA/WEF). ( 1995). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 19th ed., APHA, AWWA, WEF, Washington, D.C.
2.
Barker, P. S., and Dold, P. L. (1997a). “General model for biological nutrient removal activated-sludge systems: model presentation.” Water Environ. Res., 69(5), 969–984.
3.
Barker, P. S., and Dold, P. L. (1997b). “General model for biological nutrient removal activated-sludge systems: model application.” Water Environ. Res., 69(5), 985–991.
4.
Gerald, C.F., and Wheatley, P.O. ( 1989). Applied numerical analysis. 4th Ed., Addison-Wesley, New York.
5.
Gujer, W., and Boller, M. (1990). “A mathematical model for rotating biological contactors.” Water Sci. Technol., 22(1–2), 53–73.
6.
Hallig-Sorensen, B., and Jorgensen, S.E. ( 1993). The removal of nitrogen compounds from wastewater, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
7.
Henze, M., Grady, Jr, C.P. L., Gujer, W., Marais, G.v. R., and Matsuo, T. ( 1987). “Activated sludge model No. 1.” Scientific and Technical Rep. No.1, International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control, London.
8.
Kahaner, D.K., Ng, E., Schiesser, W.E., and Thompson, S. ( 1992). “Experiments with and ordinary differential equation solver in the parallel solution of method of lines problems on a shared memory parallel computer.” Recent developments in numerical methods and software for ODEs/DAEs/PDEs, G. D. Byrne and W. E. Schiesser eds., World Scientific, Singapore, 7–36.
9.
Kappeler, J., and Gujer, W. (1992). “Estimation of kinetic parameters of heterotrophic biomass under aerobic conditions and characterization of wastewater for activated sludge modeling.” Water Sci. Technol., 25(6), 125–139.
10.
Kristensen, G. H., Jorgensen, P. E., and Henze, M. (1992). “Characterization of functional microorganism groups and substrate in activated sludge and wastewater by AUR, NUR and OUR.” Water Sci. Technol., 25(6), 43–57.
11.
Mino, T., van Loosdrecht, M. C. M., and Heijnen, J. J. (1998) “Microbiology and biochemistry of the enhanced biological phosphate removal process.” Water Res., 32(11), 3193–3207.
12.
Orhon, D., and Artan, N. ( 1994). Modeling of activated sludge system, Technomic, PV.
13.
Ouyang, C.F., Chou, Y.J., Pai, T.Y., Chang, H.Y., and Liu, W.T. ( 2001) “Optimization of enhanced biological wastewater treatment processes using a step-feed approach.” Advances in Water and Wastewater Treatment Technology in 2000—Molecular technology, nutrient removal, sludge reduction and environmental health, T. Matsuo, K. Hanaki, S. Takizawa, and H. Satoh eds., Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 295–304.
14.
Reddy, M. ( 1999). Biological and chemical systems for nutrient removal, Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, Va.
15.
Sollfrank, U., and Gujer, W. (1991). “Characterisation of domestic wastewater for mathematical modeling of activated sludge process.” Water Sci. Technol., 25, 1057–1066.
16.
Wanner, O., and Gujer, W. (1986). “A multispecies biofilm model.” Biotechnol. Bioeng., 28(2), 314 –328.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 ASCE.
History
Published online: Nov 15, 2004
Published in print: Dec 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.