Humanware, Human Error, and Hiyari‐Hat: A Template of Unsafe Symptoms
Publication: Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 120, Issue 2
Abstract
For many years, the Japanese construction industry has practiced several accident‐prevention activities. In spite of these safety activities, occupational accidents recur. Why? This paper offers examples of accident‐prevention activities and it reports on a safety survey of construction workers in a Japanese construction company. These examples shows that “humanware” failure accounts for a much greater portion of the underlying causes of occupational accidents. “Humanware” is defined as a function of leadership, followership, and the reciprocal interaction between the two. The safety survey had 7,955 responses; 2,588 responses reported experiencing hiyari‐hat (near‐mass accidents). These respondents also reported on the nature and apparent causes of their hiyari‐hats. In this paper, we found most accidents occur because of humanware failure. The underlying causes of hiyari‐hat often include humanware failure and most frequently end with human error of individual workers. This paper presents a template that summarizes unsafe symptoms among humanware failure, human error, and hiyari‐hats.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 120 • Issue 2 • June 1994
Pages: 421 - 442
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 25, 1992
Published online: Jun 1, 1994
Published in print: Jun 1994
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