Pivot Point Modeling Procedures in Demand Estimation

Estimation of charges in travel demand is usually a prerequisite to assessing the costs and benefits associated with such policies. Pivot point technique, using an incremental logit model, is especially suited for this type of analysis. The major advantage of this procedure is that no knowledge of detailed existing level of service data on all relevant alternatives available to a trip taker is required. Based upon the values of travel time and cost coefficients reported in transportation literature, default values of in-vehicle travel time, out-of-vehicle travel time, and out-of-pocket travel cost coefficients have been suggested. These coefficients can then be used to calculate the changes in modal disutilities due to changes in travel time or travel cost, or both.